Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesinye sezimo zezulu eziyingozi kakhulu zezindiza. Imayelana ne- gunda. Phakathi kwezingozi zomoya ezidalwa yisimo sezulu kanye nezimo zemvelo, kungena i-shear. Zingaphansi kuka-10% kuphela izingozi ezidalwa yisimo sezulu. Noma kunjalo, lesi simo siyimbangela yesibili, ngemuva kwe-icing, edala izingozi.
Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela zonke izici, imvelaphi kanye nemiphumela yokugunda.
Izici eziyinhloko
Okokuqala kunakho konke ukwazi ukuthi yini i-shear. Kuyaziwa nangokuthi igama lomoya osikiwe futhi uyi umehluko ngejubane lomoya noma ukuqondiswa phakathi kwamaphoyinti amabili emkhathini womhlaba. Ngokuya ngokuthi ngabe la maphuzu womabili asezimweni ezahlukahlukene yini zezindawo ezahlukahlukene, i-shear ingaba mpo noma ngokuvundlile.
Siyazi ukuthi isivinini somoya sincike kakhulu kwingcindezi yasemkhathini. Ukuqondisa komoya kuya ngokwengcindezi yasemkhathini. Uma endaweni kunengcindezi ephansi yomoya, umoya uzoya kuleyo ndawo ngoba "uyogcwalisa" igebe elikhona ngomoya omusha. Ukushefa komoya kungathinta i- isivinini sendiza lapho isuka futhi ifika kabuhlungu. Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi lezi zigaba ezimbili zokundiza yizona ezisengozini enkulu.
I-gradient yomoya ingathinta kakhulu lezi zisekelo zokundiza. Futhi kuyisici esivelele esinquma ubukhulu beziphepho. Ngokuya kokugeleza komoya, isivinini nengcindezi yasemkhathini, ungabona ubukhulu besiphepho. Usongo olwengeziwe yisiyaluyalu esivame ukuhambisana nokugunda. Kukhona nethonya ekuthuthukiseni iziphepho ezishisayo. Futhi ukuthi lolu shintsho ngejubane lomoya luthinta ukuguquguquka okuningi kwesimo sezulu.
Izimo zezulu zokugunda
Ake sibheke ukuthi yiziphi izimo ezisemkhathini ezinkulu esingazithola ngalesi simo sezulu ngesikhathi sokundiza noma kumkhathi nje:
- Amafrimu nezinhlelo ezingaphambili: Ukuphuca umoya okuphawulekayo kungabonakala lapho umehluko wezinga lokushisa ngaphesheya kungu-5 degrees noma ngaphezulu. Kufanele futhi ukuthi ihambe cishe ngamafindo we-15 wejubane noma ngaphezulu. Imingcele yizinto ezenzeka ngobukhulu obuthathu. Kulokhu, i-shear ebhekene nayo ingabonakala kunoma yikuphi ukuphakama phakathi kobuso kanye ne-tropopause. Siyakhumbula ukuthi i-troposphere yisifunda somkhathi lapho kwenzeka khona izimo zezulu.
- Izithiyo zokugelezaLapho umoya uvunguza ukusuka lapho izintaba ziya khona, isheya eliqondile lingabonakala emthambekeni. Lokhu ukushintsha kwejubane lomoya njengoba umoya uvama ukunyuka intaba. Ngokuya ngomfutho osemkhathini wejubane umoya owawuthwala ekuqaleni, singabona ukwanda okukhulu noma okuncane kwejubane.
- Ukutshalwa kwemali: Uma sisebusuku obucwathile futhi buthule, kwakheka ukuguqulwa kwemisebe eduze kwaphezulu. Lokhu kuguqulwa kukhombisa ukuthi izinga lokushisa komhlaba liphansi ebusweni bomhlaba futhi liphezulu phezulu. Umkhuhlane awuthinti umoya ongaphezulu kwawo. Ukushintshwa komoya kungaba ngama-degree angama-90 futhi kufinyelele kuma-knot angama-40 ngejubane. Eminye imisinga esezingeni eliphansi ingabonakala ebusuku. Ukwehluka kobuningi nakho kungadala izinkinga ezengeziwe ezindizeni. Masingakhohlwa ukuthi ukuminyana kuyinto ebalulekile esebenza lapho umoya ubheke khona.
Shear nezindiza
Sizobona ukuthi kwenzekani lapho kwenzeka lesi simo sezulu futhi sihamba ngendiza. Ekuboneni kokuqala kunzima ukubona. I-Eta isho ukuthi abashayeli bezindiza abanabo kulula kakhulu ukukhomba lezi zinhlobo zezimo zezulu. Ezingxenyeni zezindiza, abashayeli bezindiza bachazwe kahle ukuthi sibhekene kanjani nesimo salolu hlobo lwesimo ukuze bakwazi ukuzilungiselela futhi bathathe izixazululo ezisebenzayo. Eqinisweni, izindiza eziningi zinomtshina wazo we-shear.
Lapho uthola indawo lapho isiqondiso somoya izinguquko ngokuphelele phakathi nokusuka noma ukufika kokwehla, into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukushintsha ukucushwa kwendiza bese ufaka amandla amakhulu. Uma kwenzeka ufika, kungcono ukukhipha isisu bese ugibela ngaphambi kokungena endaweni. Esimweni ngasinye, kufanele kubhekwe ukuthi yisimo esinzima ukusisingatha, ngoba izinzwa nazo zingadlala umdlalo omubi.
Imbangela yalesi simo ihlukahlukene futhi ithonya kakhulu izimo zendawo zesikhumulo sezindiza ngasinye. I-orography yendawo ezungezile ibhekene nokuphambukisa ukuhamba noma umoya. Isibonelo, eziQhingini zaseCanary, izikhumulo zezindiza zithinteka kaningi noma kancane ngenxa yokusizakala okubalulekile kwalesi siqhingi. Kulapha lapho sibona khona ukuthi ezinye izenzakalo zivame kakhulu ezindizeni ezifika kulezi zindawo.
Izinguquko ku-engeli
Ake sicabange ngendiza endiza iqonde futhi isezingeni elisendaweni yokugeleza komkhathi ohlangothini olubheke phansi. Ngenxa ye-inertia enayo, ibhanoyi lizohlala okwesikhashana ngejubane elijwayelekile kanye nomkhondo maqondana noMhlaba. Phakathi naso sonke lesi sikhathi, umsinga osebenzayo oseduze kwamaphiko awo usevele uqondaniswe nendiza yawo yendiza, kepha uzobe usuthole into ebheke phezulu. Iseli lizobhekana necala elibi futhi umshayeli wendiza uzobanjwa yihhanisi ngenkathi isihlalo sizokuwa phansi kwakhe.
Ngemuva kokungena kokuqala emfuleni, imiphumela yamandla iyanda futhi indiza ilulama i-engela yayo eguquliwe yodwa. Ngale ndlela, aqhubeka nombala ngokujwayelekile, ngaphandle kwalapho indlela entsha yendiza ifaka isilinganiso sokwehla okuhlobene noMhlaba. Lokho, okulingana nokuhamba komoya okuphansi noma ukukhukhuleka manje kufaka into ebheke phezulu ebheke phezulu.
Ngiyethemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi ngokugunda kanye nezici zayo.