Izinqolobane ziyizindawo zokugcina amanzi ezinikezela izikhungo ezisemadolobheni. Noma zenziwe futhi zakhiwa ngabantu, kanye namaxhaphozi akha imvelo ebaluleke kakhulu. Bayaziwa nangobuhle babo obuyingqayizivele bendawo njengoba behlala nezethulo ezibalulekile zezitshalo nezilwane. Izinyoni zasemanzini ikakhulukazi ziyaziwa. I- amaxhaphozi aseMadrid ziyaziwa futhi zivame ukubhekwa ngokuvakasha.
Ngakho-ke, sizonikezela le ndatshana ukukutshela ngazo zonke izici nokubaluleka kwamaxhaphozi aseMadrid.
Amaxhaphozi aseMadrid
Izindawo ezinjengexhaphozi nezindawo zokugcina amanzi zixhumene nemvelo yasemanzini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zingaphansi kwengcindezi ephezulu yabantu futhi konke lokhu kunomthelela ekugcineni kwekhwalithi yamanzi kanye nemvelo ehambisana nayo. Ngalesi sizathu, kunqunywe ukuthi kuthathwe izinyathelo ezahlukahlukene ukukwazi ukuvikela lezi zinhlelo zemvelo. Siyakwazi lokho umphakathi waseMadrid unamachibi angu-14 nezindawo ezingamaxhaphozi ezivikelwe ezingama-23 afakiwe kukhathalogi yamachibi kanye namaxhaphozi. Lezi zikhala zifakiwe njengoba zinezici zemvelo futhi ziqukethe inani elikhulu lamanzi onikezwayo.
Siyazi ukuthi idamu eliya emanzini okufakelwa eligcinwayo liphakelwe imifula nemifudlana. Amanzi asetshenziselwa ukunikezela, ukuchelela, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kagesi nokunye. Kunamabheseni aphakeme naphakathi emifuleni yamachibi aseMadrid lokho Bazalwa ezintabeni zaseGuadarrama naseSomosierra. Amaningi alamachibi atholakala ezindaweni ezingavamisile ukufika kuwo futhi lokhu kukhuthaze ukuthuthukiswa kwezinhlelo zezinto eziphilayo ezihambisana namanzi. Lezi zimiso zemvelo ziye zasebenza njengesiphephelo sezinhlobo eziningi zezinto eziphilayo. Zonke izindawo ezizungezile zamaxhaphozi aseMadrid zithole izici ezihlukile nezithandekayo. Lezi zithakazelo zihlangene phakathi kokuxhashazwa nemisebenzi yezolimo neyemfuyo.
Ikhathalogi yamaxhaphozi aseMadrid
Ake sibone ukuthi yimaphi amadamu angu-14 afakiwe kukhathalogi yeziqukathi namaxhaphozi avikelwe omphakathi waseMadrid:
- Umfula iLozoya: amadamu ePinilla, eRiosequillo, ePuentes Viejas, e-El Villar nase-El Atazar.
- Umgodi womfula iGuadalix: idamu lasePedrezuela.
- Umgodi womfula iManzanares: amadamu eNavacerrada, eSantillana nase-El Pardo.
- Umfula waseGuadarrama: amadamu eLa Jarosa, iLos Arroyos neValmayor.
- Alberche river basin: amadamu eSan Juan nasePicadas.
Izinqolobane ezihleliwe zinezinhlelo Zokulawulwa ngaphandle kwalokhu:
- ISantillana Reservoir, njengoba ifakiwe eCuenca Alta del Manzanares Regional Park.
- Idamu i-El Pardo, njengoba liphakathi kweMonte del Pardo (elingelamagugu kaZwelonke).
- Embalse de San Juan, ngoba indawo yayo ihlukaniswe phakathi kweMiphakathi Ezimele yaseMadrid neCastilla-León.
Izici zamachibi avikelwe
Manje sizohlaziya ukuthi yiziphi izici eziyinhloko njengokufingqwa kwamaxhaphozi aseMadrid:
- Idamu lasePinilla: omasipala baseLuzoya nasePinilla del Valle bakhona futhi inendawo engamahektha angama-443.
- Idamu laseRiosequillo: Itholakala komasipala baseBuitrago de Lozoya, Gargantilla del Lozoya naseGarganta de los Montes futhi inendawo engamahektha angama-322. Inohlelo Lokulawulwa Kwemithombo Yemvelo lweSierra del Guadarrama.
- Idamu lasePuentes Viejas: kunomasipala basePiñuécar, ePuentes Viejas, eBuitrago de Lozoya Madarcos naseGascones. Inendawo engamahektha angama-268.
- Idamu lase-El Villar: Itholakala komasipala basePuentes Viejas, Robledillo de la Jara naseBerzosa de Lozoya. Inobuso bamahektha ayi-136 obuso bamanzi.
- Idamu lase-El Atazar: Itholakala komasipala base-El Berrueco, Robledillo de la Jara, El Atazar, Cervera de Buitrago, Puentes Viejas nasePatones. Inobuso bamahektha ayi-1.055 wamanzi. Ngenxa yobukhulu bayo obukhulu, ingenye yamaxhaphozi abaluleke kakhulu eMadrid.
- Idamu lasePedrezuela: itholakala komasipala baseGuadalix de la Sierra, Pedrezuela naseVenturada. Ingaphezulu lamanzi angamahektha angama-415. Esinye sezibalo zayo zokuvikela yiLIC Cuenca del Río Guadalix.
- ISantillana Reservoir: kunomasipala baseManzanares El Real naseSoto del Real. Ingaphezulu lamanzi angamahektha ayi-1.431 futhi inezinye izibalo zokuvikela ezifana neManzanares River Basin SCI. Futhi kungenye yamaxhaphozi abaluleke kakhulu eMadrid ngenxa yobukhulu bawo namandla okugcina amanzi.
- Idamu laseNavacerrada: ingeyomasipala baseNavacerrada, Becerril de la Sierra naseCollado Mediano. Inendawo engamahektha angama-91 kuphela. Isetshenziselwa ukuphakela izindawo eziseduze nokunye ukunisela.
- Idamu laseJarosa: umasipala kuphela lapho enweba khona useGuadarrama. Ingelinye lamaxhaphozi amancane kakhulu eMadrid anamahektha omhlaba angama-58 kuphela. Ngaphandle kwalokhu, inohlelo lokuphathwa kwemithombo yemvelo eliseSierra de Guadarrama.
- Isigubhu se-El Pardo: umasipala waseMadrid utholakala futhi unendawo engaphezulu kwamahektare ayi-1.179. Ithathwa njenge-ZEPA (Indawo Yokuvikela Ekhethekile Yezinyoni). Futhi ingeyamagugu esizwe.
- Idamu lase-Arroyos: Kungokamasipala wase-El Escorial kwazise mncane kakhulu. Inendawo engaphezu kwamahektha ayi-12 wamanzi.
- Idamu laseValmayor: Itholakala komasipala base-El Escorial, Valdemorillo, Colmenarejo naseGalapagar. Inendawo enamanzi angamahektha angama-775 omhlaba. Ithathwa njengepaki yesifunda yenkambo ephakathi yomfula iGuadarrama nezindawo ezizungezile.
- Idamu laseSan Juan: ingeyomasipala baseSan Martín de Valdeiglesias nasePelayos de la Presa. Inendawo engamahektha ayi-1.235, njengenye yezindawo ezinkulu kakhulu. Futhi inezinombolo zokuvikela ezifana ne-ZEPA Encinares yemifula i-Alberche neCofio kanye ne-ZEC Cuencas yemifula i-Alberche neCofio. I-ZEC yindawo ekhethekile yokongiwa kwemvelo. Lokhu kungenxa yobuningi bezimbali nezilwane zakulezi zindawo.
- Idamu lasePike: Ngeyomasipala baseNavas del Rey, iSan Martín de Valdeiglesias nePelayos de la Presa. Inendawo engamahektha angama-74 kuphela omhlaba. Iphinde ibe yiZEPA neZEC ngenxa yobuningi bayo bezinyoni ezifudukayo.
Ngiyethemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi ngamaxhaphozi aseMadrid kanye nezimpawu zawo eziyinhloko.