Siyazi ukuthi kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zamafu kuye ngokuthi abunjwe kanjani. Enye yazo yilezi amafu anoctilucent. Amafu avamile enziwe ngamakristalu axutshwe nothuli emoyeni. Amafu angena-noctilucent akha emaphethelweni esikhala somkhathi esibizwa ngokuthi i-mesosphere.
Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela konke okudingeka ukwazi mayelana namafu asebusuku kanye nezici zawo.
Ayini amafu anoctilucent
Lapho i-meteor ishaya emkhathini, ishiya umzila wothuli amakhilomitha ayi-100 ngaphezu koMhlaba, lapho umfutho womoya ungekho nhlobo. Umhwamuko wamanzi unamathela othulini olushiywe yi-meteorite. Umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka-omhlophe ogcwele wamafu asebusuku ubangelwa amakristalu amancane akha lapho umhwamuko wamanzi oyiqhwa unamathela othulini lwe-meteor.
Amafu aphakeme kakhulu esiwaziyo futhi akha e-mesosphere, cishe amakhilomitha angu-80 ukuphakama (amakhilomitha angu-70 ngaphezu kwamafu aziwa kakhulu e-cirrus). Okuwukuphela kwesenzakalo somkhathi esivela ngaphezu kwamafu asebusuku yizibani zaseNyakatho.
Inokubukeka okuhlaba umxhwele, okunamagagasi esibhakabhakeni sasebusuku aqoqana abe yimicu ephaphathekile noma imicu ecwebezelayo kagesi ebonakala ivela kwenye iplanethi, i-aliens. Lokho akukuningi kakhulu, njengoba kwenziwa ngamakristalu eqhwa amancane noma iqhwa lamanzi.
Akheka kanjani amafu anoctilucent
Okunye ukuhlola kuye kwaphetha ngokuthi ingxenye yaleli fu kungenzeka ukuthi yakheka ngenxa yokubanda kwamanzi akhishelwa emkhathini ngesithuthuthu. Kodwa futhi kuye kwaphawulwa ukuthi okungenani amaphesenti amathathu amakristalu eqhwa ezakhayo yizinsalela zama-meteorite (okuthiwa "intuthu ye-meteorite").
Futhi angamafu "anamahloni kakhulu" futhi abonakala kuphela ekushoneni kwelanga nasezindaweni eziphakeme (phakathi kuka-50 no-70º) nasehlobo. Uma sicabanga ukuthi "nge-geometrically" ashelela kakhulu, endaweni efanele (ephakeme), umuntu angabheka entshonalanga imizuzu engama-30 kuya kwengama-60 ngemva kokushona kwelanga, lapho ilanga lifihliwe phakathi kuka-6 no-16º ngaphezu komkhathizwe, indawo ivuma ukuthi la mafu atholakale.
Nakuba mayelana nokubheka, akungabazeki ukuthi i-International Space Station inezinzuzo ezinkulu futhi ngokuvamile isinika izithombe ezinhle kakhulu. Kufanele futhi kuphawulwe ezicini zabo ukuthi zizimele, ngoba azibonakali zihlobene nanoma yisiphi isimo sezulu esithile.
Nakuba kunezinsolo ezikhulayo zokuthi zingase zibe izinkomba ezinhle (izibani ezixwayisayo) kwezinye izici zokushintsha kwesimo sezulu, zivela kaningi ezindaweni eziphansi.
Kukholakala ukuthi ngemuva kwe-methane, igesi enkulu ebamba ukushisa, ikhuphuka emkhathini futhi ibhekane nochungechunge oluyinkimbinkimbi lokusabela kwe-oxidation, iphenduka ibe umhwamuko wamanzi, okuzoholela ekwandeni kwenani lamafu anjalo kanye nokusabalala kwawo okungenzeka ezindaweni eziphakeme. Ngakho ifu lethu elisebusuku licishe libe i-canary ethwalwa abavukuzi abadala ukuze bathole ukuvuza kwegesi.
Eqinisweni, umkhankaso we-NASA we-AIM (Aerology of Middle Ice) uphethe ukutadisha lolu hlobo lwamafu. Kule sayithi, sinokufinyelela "ezithombeni eziqondisiwe" ezibikezela ukubonakala nendawo yalawa mafu.
amafu ku-Mars
Enye ilukuluku ngala mafu ukuthi "anabazala" ku-Mars, lapho amafu asebusuku enziwe ngamakristalu e-carbon dioxide atholakala ngo-2006 futhi angase "angavamile" kunama-Earthlings ahlanganyela nawo isakhiwo.
Angifuni ukuqeda lesi sihloko ngaphandle kokukhuluma ngezinto eziyinqaba ezitholwe amafu anjalo, njengabo bonke okuhlobene nabo, okungajwayelekile okungenani. I-Krakatoa yaqhuma ngo-Agasti 27, 1883.
Kwakubulala (abantu abangu-36.000 balahlekelwa izimpilo zabo), kodwa kuthakazelisa kakhulu ngokombono wesimo sezulu, njengoba inani elikhulu lomlotha elafakwa emkhathini lashintsha isimo sezulu iminyaka eminingana, kuhlanganise ukwehla kwezinga lokushisa elijwayelekile leplanethi engu-1,2º, okwenza futhi ukushona kwelanga kweplanethi kube nombala obomvu oqinile.
Ngakho enye yezinto ezazivame ukuzijabulisa ngaleso sikhathi kwakuwukucabanga ngalokhu kushona kwelanga okumangalisayo. Ngakho, ngo-1885, u-TW Backhouse wayengumbukeli onelukuluku futhi ophikelelayo kunabanye, eqhubeka kuze kube sekuhwaleleni, lapho ngobunye ubusuku ebona imicu efiphele kagesi eluhlaza.
Izakhi ezidingekayo zokuqeqeshwa kwakho
Amafu e-polar mesospheric adinga izici ezimbili: izinhlayiya ezomile kanye nomswakama. Nakuba umhwamuko wamanzi ucishe ungabikho ku-mesosphere, akunakwenzeka, njengoba ubukhona bawo obunemibala bubonisa. Kule ndawo ephakeme, umoya ulinganiselwa ukuthi ukoma izikhathi eziyi-100.000 kunowaseSahara, ngezinga lokushisa elingu-140 degrees ngaphansi kweziro.
Okwenzekayo ukuthi umhwamuko wamanzi ongavamile unamathela ezinhlayiyeni ze-hygroscopic, ukwakha amakristalu amancane eqhwa ezihlanganayo zenze lamafu. Lesi simo senzeka kuphela phakathi nenkathi elingana nehlobo kuwo womabili ama-hemispheres.
Enyakatho, kuyoba ekupheleni kukaMeyi, Juni noJulayi, futhi eningizimu, ekupheleni kukaNovemba, ngoDisemba kuya kuJanuwari. Futhi ungawabona ngemva kokushona kwelanga, ngoba aphakeme kangangokuthi asazothola ukukhanya kwelanga. Nakuba uMhlaba umnyama ngokuphelele, ku-80-85 km ilanga lisawathinta.
Amazwe lapho kungabonwa khona
I-Latitude, ibanga eliphakathi kokufana nenkabazwe, idlala indima ebalulekile lapha. Lapho usondela ezigxotsheni, ubona ngokwengeziwe. Lokhu ikakhulukazi kubangelwa ukuhamba komoya nokunqwabelana komoya obandayo kulolu ungqimba lomkhathi. Lawa mafu ajwayele ukubonakala ukusuka ku-50 degrees enyakatho ne-latitude. Lokho kusho ukuthi, ukusuka eParis noma eLondon phezulu nangaphesheya kwe-Atlantic, ephakeme kakhulu kuneNew York.
Eningizimu nenkabazwe, ingabonakala kuphela eningizimu ye-Argentina, eningizimu yeChile naseNew Zealand. Kodwa izazi zezulu ziye zathola ukuthi ukuba khona kwala mafu kuye kwanda ezindaweni eziphansi eminyakeni yamuva.
Ngithemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi mayelana namafu angenayo i-noctilucent nezici zawo.