Ososayensi bathi ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu kwandisa ukwanda nokuqina kwesomiso. Ngakho-ke, lesi simo kungadala ukoma okwanda njalo nokubi emgodini waseJúcar. Lokhu kukhonjiswa yindlela eklanywe ngabaphenyi abavela ePolytechnic University yaseValencia.
Ngabe uyafuna ukwazi imiphumela yokuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu okuzoba nayo emgodini waseJúcar?
Isomiso esengeziwe eJúcar
Indlela eklanywe ngabaphenyi isivumela ukuthi sazi umthelela ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu okukuwo endaweni yaseJúcar. Imiphumela yocwaningo ikhombisa ukuthi isomiso sizoba namandla amancane kakhulu kunaleso esikhonjelwe izimo zesikhathi esimaphakathi.
Isiphetho sokugcina salolu cwaningo yilokho okukhombisa ukuthi ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu kanye nemiphumela yako kubangela isimo somhlaba wonke lapho isomiso sizoba khona kaningi, kokubili isimo sezulu kanye ne-hydrological, kusukela ukuncipha kwemvula nokwanda i-evapotranspiration ngenxa yokwanda kwamazinga okushisa aphakathi komhlaba.
Le ndlela isungulwe ngabaphenyi abavela ku Isikhungo Sezobunjiniyela Bamanzi Nezemvelo sePolytechnic University yaseValencia (IIAMA-UPV) uPatricia Marcos, u-Antonio López noManuel Pulido, futhi ushicilelwe kumagazini wesayensi i- "Journal of Hydrology".
Umsebenzi ungaphakathi kwephrojekthi ye-IMPADAPT futhi umcengezi waseJúcar usetshenziswe njengento yokufunda, ngenxa yomphumela wamanje esomisweni. Ukuthola iziphetho ezicacile, abacwaningi baqhathanise idatha yesomiso eqoqwe emashumini eminyaka esitsheni futhi yahlanganiswa namamodeli wesimo sezulu womhlaba wonke nowesifunda.
Kubalulekile ukuqhathanisa kahle idatha yesomiso sezulu kanye ne-hydrological, ngoba bobabili bathintekile ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu. Eyokuqala inciphisa imvula unyaka wonke kanti eyesibili inyusa ukuhwamuka kwamanzi. Kuzo zombili izimo, inani lamanzi akhona ukusetshenziswa ngabantu liyancipha.
Kucatshangelwe nokuthi kunezindawo ezintathu zezulu ezihlukene ezihlala endaweni yaseJúcar. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, sinendawo engenhla enesimo sezulu sezwekazi, esigodini esiphakathi sinesimo sezulu esishintshayo kanti esingezansi sinesimo sezulu saseMedithera. Lokhu kwehluka kwendawo kunethonya ezingeni lapho imiphumela yokuguquka kwesimo sezulu ithinta ukuqina nobude bezikhathi zesomiso kuzo zonke zazo.
Njengoba ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu kungazithinti zonke izindawo zesimo sezulu ngokulinganayo, kubalulekile ukuthi ube nombono obanzi we izingxenye ezintathu zezulu okukhona kuzo umcengezi waseJúcar.
"Ngokwesiko, izinkomba ezibekiwe zisetshenziselwe ukukhomba nokuhlola isomiso, ngenxa yokuba lula kwazo nokuguquguquka kwazo ukuqhathanisa ukuphambuka ezimweni ezijwayelekile phakathi kwezifunda ezikalini zesikhathi ezahlukahlukene," kusho uPatricia Marcos.
Vele, kufanele kungezwe ukuthi le mininingwane yezibalo ibheka ubukhona bezinkathi zonyaka ukuzifaka ezicini ezithile zokuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu. Le mininingwane ayingabazeki kumongo wokushintsha kwesimo sezulu, ngoba izimo zezinkathi zonyaka zehla zaze zaba sehlobo nasebusika.
Izici ezibalulekile
Indlela esetshenzisiwe iguqulelwa emachibini aseMedithera futhi ivumela ukuhlaziya umthelela wokuguquka kwesimo sezulu ebangeni nasekuqineni kwesomiso. Ukuhluka kwemvula namazinga okushisa yizona zinto ezinquma kakhulu, ngoba yizona ezinciphisa imithombo yamanzi. Enye ingenxa yokufakwa kwamanzi okuncane kanti enye ingenxa yokulahleka okukhulu kwamanzi agciniwe.
"Imiphumela yethu iyakhombisa ukungaqiniseki okukhulu maqondana nokutholakala kwesikhathi esizayo kwemithombo yamanzi emgodini. Ucwaningo lukhombisa ukuthi izimo ezahlukahlukene zokushintsha kwesimo sezulu ziholela kanjani ekwandeni okujwayelekile esikhathini kanye nasekuqiniseni kwesomiso sezulu kanye ne-hydrological, ngenxa yemiphumela ehlangene yemvula encishisiwe kanye nokwenyuka kwe-evapotranspiration ", kukhombisa umqondisi we IIAMA, uManuel Pulido.
Isomiso esibhekwe esikhathini esifushane singaphansi kwalesi esizobonakala esikhathini esiphakathi nendawo, ngakho-ke uma manje sisesimweni esibucayi, ikusasa elisilindeleyo libi kakhulu.