Ngoba iNgilandi ayinayo impumuzo evezwe kakhulu ayinayo inqwaba yemifula. Umfula okuwukuphela kwawo onesikhala esikhulu salokhu UMfula iThames. Ingenye yezidume kakhulu emhlabeni futhi inesibopho sokuhlukanisa iLondon ibe izingxenye ezimbili. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingumthombo omkhulu wokuphakelwa kwamanzi ezweni.
Kule ndatshana sizokutshela zonke izici, imvelaphi, ukwakheka komhlaba nokubaluleka koMfula iThames.
Izici eziyinhloko
Ungumfula omkhulu futhi onamandla kunawo wonke eNgilandi ogelezela eNorth Sea futhi uxhuma inhlokodolobha yesiqhingi, iLondon, neNorth Sea. Njengoba kuyisiqhingi, ubude bosuku abufani nobeminye imifula yezwekazi, kodwa buyafana nobude neminye imifula yaseYurophu. Isibonelo, inesandiso esifana nesomfula iSegura eSpain. Umthombo uqhamuka ekuhlanganeni kwemifula emi-4: uMfula iChurn, uMfula iColn, uMfula i-Isis (owaziwa nangokuthi uMfula iWindrush), noMfula iLeach.
Umsuka woMfula iThames uqhamuka enkathini yePleistocene, yingakho uthathwa njengomfula omncane. Ngaleso sikhathi igeleza ekuqaleni kwayo isuka eWales iye eClacton-on-sea. Kuwo wonke uhambo lwayo lawela lonke ulwandle oluseNyakatho ukuze lube ngumfula uMfula iRhine.Namuhla, lo mfula ubaluleke kakhulu ekunikezelweni kwamanzi ahlanzekile. Ngaleso sikhathi kwakungenye yezindlela ezibaluleke kakhulu zokuxhumana futhi ezokuthutha phakathi kweWestminster neLondon phakathi nekhulu le-XNUMX nele-XNUMX.
Esinye isifiso salo mfula ukuthi wabanda kanye ngo-1677 futhi kusukela lapho awuzange uphinde wenze njalo. Isizathu salokhu ukuthi lonke iLondon Bridge lahlelwa kabusha futhi inani nobuningi bezinsika kwehla, okwenza ukugeleza kugeleze kalula. Ngale ndlela, ngokungakhuthazi umbhede womfula ukuba uhambe ngokushesha okukhulu, amanzi ekugcineni abanda.
Umthombo womfula iThames
Ake sibone ukuthi umthombo, imingenela nokujula koMfula iThames kunamuphi. Umzila wonke womfula ushiya umbono womthombo. Maningi amadolobha athi ayindawo lapho lo mfula uvela khona. UMfula iThames udabuka enhlokweni yoMfula iThames nemithombo eyisikhombisa. Ngezikhathi ezibandayo zonyaka kanye nezimvula kakhulu, yisikhathi esihle sokuvakashela le ndawo. Ngenye yezindawo ezinhle kakhulu ukubona umfula ugeleza eduze kwetshe lesikhumbuzo.
Izilwane zomfula iThames
Lo mfula awaziwa ngokuhlukanisa iNgilandi izingxenye ezimbili kuphela kodwa waziwa nangezilwane zawo. Eminyakeni eyishumi edlule inani lezilwane ezincelisayo ezaqopha irekhodi laqoshwa. Umphakathi onikezelwe ukunakekelwa nokongiwa kwezilwane ubhalise inani le- ngaphezu kwezi-2000 XNUMX zokubona izilwane ezisemthethweni kule minyaka eyishumi edlule. Iningi lezilwane ezitholakale zeqembu lezilwane ezincelisayo zoMfula iThames bekuyizimpawu. Kuthiwa namahlengethwa nemikhomo ecishe ibe ngama-50 kwatholakala.
Zonke lezi zibalo ziqhathaniswa nalezo zeminyaka engama-50 edlule lapho kumenyezelwa ukuthi ipaki lisesimweni sokufa ngokwemvelo. Naphezu kwalokho abantu abakucabangayo lapho behambela eLondon futhi bebona uMfula iThames, empeleni bagcina inani elihlukahlukene lezilwane zasendle. Isibonelo, kunomkhosi waminyaka yonke wokubala ama-swans lapho zonke lezi zinyoni ezinhle zibalwa kanye nezincane zazo futhi zihlolisiswa kahle ngamaqembu ezokwelapha odokotela bezilwane nososayensi ngezifo.
Ukuzingela nokuqoqa amaqanda ama-swans akuvunyelwe ngokuphelele ngoba ukulethwa kwalezi zinyoni kwakudingeka kakhulu kuyo yonke imisebenzi eyenziwa ngumqhele phakathi nekhulu le-XNUMX. Ukubalwa kwalezi zinyoni kugcinelwe yonke iminyaka elandelayo njengesiko kanye nendlela yokuqinisekisa ukongiwa kwalezi zinhlobo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zinikeza ubuhle obungenakulinganiswa kule ndawo eyenza kube yinto engokwemvelo ngokwengeziwe. Ukwehliswa kwezinhlobo zezinto kuyinto yangempela kusukela eminyakeni engama-200 edlule ubungabona kabili inani lama-swans akhona namuhla. Abazingeli abangekho emthethweni, izinja ngisho nokungcoliswa komfula uqobo kunciphise isibalo samasali.
Ukungcola kanye nemithelela
Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ngumfula odlula phakathi kwamadolobha amakhulu futhi uthinteka ukungcola. Kwakusesimweni esithuthuke kakhulu sokungcola eselulelwe amakhilomitha angama-70 ukusuka esifundeni saseGravesend kuya eTeddington lock kusukela isampuli eyenziwa ngo-1957 yanquma ukuthi ayikho inhlanzi eyayingakwazi ukuhlala kulamanzi.
Lapho ibingenalo izinga lokungcola, umfula iThames kwakuyindawo efanelekile yokuzalela izinhlanzi salmon nezinye izinhlanzi, futhi ukudoba kwakwenziwa njengesiko. Ngesikhathi idolobha likhula futhi nabantu bekhula, nenqwaba kadoti okwakuthiwa kulo mfula nayo yanda. Yalahlwa iminyaka eminingi, kepha ngemuva kuka-1800 kwaba ngempela lapho ukungcola kwaba yinkinga enkulu.
Wonke amanzi aqala ukungcoliswa futhi awalashwa. Konke lokhu kudale ukwanda kwamagciwane abedambisa umoya-mpilo okhona emanzini lokho Kuyinto ebalulekile osukwini lwezinhlanzi nasekuthuthukisweni kwezimila zasemanzini. Ukuze kuncishiswe lezi zinkinga, kuhlelwe imisebenzi yokubuyisa umfula, ngokubona ukukhula komkhakha wamakhemikhali kwanda, okwenza ukungcola kwaba kubi kakhulu. Imboni yamakhemikhali kanye inkampani kaphethiloli yalahla yonke imfucuza emfuleni noma yenza ukungcola kwaba kubi nakakhulu.
Namuhla isangcolisiwe kodwa manje isingeminye yemifula ehlanzeke kakhulu egeleza idolobha. Umsebenzi wokululama usenzima kepha imiphumela isiyatholakala.
Ngiyethemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi ngoMfula iThames nezici zawo.