Omunye wemibuzo evame ukubuzwa abantu abaningi kungani izulu liphenduka libe orange. Ikakhulukazi, into evamile kakhulu ukuthi iphenduka ibewolintshi ngesikhathi sokushona kwelanga. Kodwa-ke, ingaphinda iphendule lo mbala kwezinye izikhathi, njengalapho kunomsi. Isizathu esenza isibhakabhaka sibe orange ekushoneni kwelanga yinto engaziwa bonke abantu.
Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, sizonikezela lesi sihloko ukukutshela ukuthi kungani isibhakabhaka siphenduka i-orange, isizathu saso nezinye izimo.
Kungani isibhakabhaka siba siwolintshi?
Ukuze wazi ukuthi kungani isibhakabhaka siba siwolintshi ekushoneni kwelanga, udinga ukwazi ukuthi kungani isibhakabhaka siluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Isibhakabhaka siluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka hhayi ngoba umkhathi udonsa eminye imibala, kodwa ngenxa yokuthi umkhathi uvame ukuhlakaza ukukhanya kwamaza amaza (okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka/okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka) kunokukhanya okude kwamaza (okubomvu).
Ukukhanya okuluhlaza okuvela elangeni kusakazeke kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa neminye imibala, ngakho isibhakabhaka emini siluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Lokhu kuhlakazeka kokukhanya kubizwa ngokuthi iRayleigh scattering. Lapho ilanga lishona, ukukhanya kufanele kuhambe kakhulu emkhathini kunalapho ilanga liphuma, ngakho okuwukuphela kokukhanya okunombala okungahlakazi ukukhanya okubomvu kwamaza amade. Singaphendula nokuthi kungani amafu emhlophe. Izinhlayiya zalezi zinto ezibangela ukusabalalisa kokukhanya zinkulu kunobude begagasi bokukhanya.
Ngenxa yalokho, yonke imibala yokukhanya ihlakazeka cishe ngenani elifanayo. Lokhu kusebenza kuzo zonke izinto ezimhlophe njengoshukela nobisi. Iningi lokukhanya okuhlakazeka obisini kungenxa yama-lipids (amafutha). Uma amafutha ayesusiwe, ubisi belungeke luhlakazeke inani elifanayo lokukhanya, okungenzeka lichaza ukuthi kungani ubisi lwe-skim lubukeka lumhlophe luncane futhi lumpunga kakhulu.
kukhona ukukhanya okwengeziwe
Imibala esiyibonayo ibizwa ngokuthi i-spectrum ebonakalayo, kodwa kunokukhanya okwengeziwe ngaphandle kwayo. Yebo, lokhu kusho futhi ukuthi miningi imibala esiyibonayo. Ohambweni lwakhe lokuya eMhlabeni, ukukhanya kulandelana kuze kungene emkhathini, kulapho-ke amaphupho, izimanga nesayensi kwenzeka khona. Ishayisana nezinhlayiya ezakha ikhava yethu yokuzivikela, okuwuthuli, amaconsi amanzi, amakristalu noma ama-molecule amagesi ahlukene akha umoya. Okunye ukuthi umbani uyadlula kubo.
Iqiniso lokuthi isibhakabhaka sibonakala siluhlaza kulokho esikubiza ngokuthi usuku olucwathile lihlobene nalokhu kungqubuzana: Ngokwesibonelo, i-nitrogen nomoya-mpilo, kuphambukisa imisebe eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka futhi kuyikhiphe nhlangothi zonke, kuyilapho kuvumela ukukhanya kudlule. Lokhu kwehlukana kuhumushela esibhakabhakeni esicishe sifane, ukube bekungengenxa yokuthi amaqhuqhuva amancane awalutho ngaphandle kwamaconsi amanzi ajiyile esiwabiza ngamafu.
indaba yokunyakaza
Okwenzeka ekushoneni kwelanga ukuthi ilanga liphansi, ngakho njengoba liya phambili, imisebe eliyikhiphayo kufanele imboze izikhathi eziyishumi ngaphezu komkhathi kuze kube yilapho ifinyelela kweyethu. Ngamanye amazwi: ukukhanya kungena ezinhlayiyeni ezingenhla kwethu ngendlela efanayo, kodwa ngokunyakaza okuhlukene.
Kokunye, i-tint eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ihlakazekile ngokwanele ukuthi ingafinyeleli amehlo ethu ngokuqondile. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, imithunzi ewolintshi, ebomvu, nephuzi ilungile. Ngakho-ke, izinhlayiya eziqinile zilengiswa emoyeni, zizohlakazeka kakhulu, imibala eminingi futhi iphezulu ukugcwala.
Kungakho ukushona kwelanga okumangalisa kakhulu (lokho ngezinye izikhathi okusenza siqhathanise izulu nesihogo) kuvame ukwenzeka ekwindla nasebusika, ngoba izinhlayiya ezakha umoya zidlula emisebeni yelanga ukuze zifinyelele amehlo ethu, bese zome futhi zihlanzeke.
Kungani isibhakabhaka siphenduka umbala osawolintshi kanye nenkungu?
Lona inkungu, into yesimo sezulu eyenzeka emkhathini futhi ibonakala ngokuthi ukuba khona ekumisweni kwezinhlayiya ezincane kakhulu zothuli, umlotha wobumba noma isihlabathi.
Nakuba lezi zinhlayiya zizincane kakhulu, zanele ukuze zenze umoya ubonakale ufiphele, okuyikona okunikeza umkhathi lowo mbala osawolintshi obonakala esibhakabhakeni.
Abantu abaningi bayazibuza ukuthi kuphephile yini ukuphuma ngaphandle futhi empeleni noma yisiphi isimo lapho umoya ungcoliswe khona sinengozi ethile, ikakhulukazi kubantu bangangenwa kalula njengesifuba somoya noma ukungezwani komzimba nezinto ezithile, kodwa empeleni izithombe zinomthelela omkhulu kunempilo.
Ngalo mqondo, kunezinhlobo ezimbili ze-haze. Enye ibizwa ngokuthi "yemvelo" futhi yakhiwa ukuthuthwa kwesihlabathi, amanzi, usawoti (i-sodium), noma ezinye izakhi ezikhona emvelweni. Lapho imvelaphi yayo ikakhulukazi isihlabathi sasogwadule, njengalokhu, ngokuvamile kuvame "uthuli olumisiwe". Ngakolunye uhlangothi, inkungu ethi “Type b” yaziwa njengomcimbi okhethekile imbangela yawo eyinhloko kuwukungcoliswa kwemvelo noma ukusha kwehlathi.
Ingabe kuyayithinta impilo yakho?
Umthelela we-haze unezingxenye ezimbili: eyodwa iqondile kanti enye ayiqondile. Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi izinhlayiya ze-PM10 ezingena emizimbeni yethu ngepheshana lokuphefumula zifinyelela ngqo emaphashini kanjalo nokunikezwa kwegazi. Njengemiphumela yezempilo eqondile, izimpawu eziyinhloko zingase zihlobane nezinkinga zokuphefumula nokucasuka kolwelwesi lwamafinyila. Uma sekushiwo, impushana ewolintshi ingabangela ikhala elivalekile, amehlo alumelayo, nokukhwehlela okuqhubekayo.
Uma inkungu iphikelela futhi iminyene kakhulu, ungase uzwe ngisho ne-bronchospasm, ubuhlungu besifuba, nesifuba somoya, izimpawu ezinzima kakhulu ezigulini ezingezwani nezinto ezithile noma ezinye izimo zezokwelapha. Ingxenye engaqondile ukuncishiswa kokubonakala.
Lokhu konakala kudinga uchungechunge lwezincomo zezempilo, njengokunciphisa noma ukuhlehlisa wonke umsebenzi wangaphandle kuze kube yilapho ikhwalithi yomoya ibe yinhle noma ibe yinhle ngokufanele, kanye nokuthatha izinyathelo zokuvikela ezifanele zomsebenzi okufanele wenziwe ngaphandle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, emaqenjini asengozini enkulu kanye namaqembu azwelayo, kunconywa ukugwema ukuhlala ngaphandle isikhathi eside, landela ngokuqinile uhlelo lokwelashwa futhi ufune ukwelashwa ngesikhathi uma isimo sempilo siba sibi.
Ngithemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi mayelana nokuthi kungani isibhakabhaka siphenduka i-orange kanye nezizathu zaso.