Izinguzunga zeqhwa zase-Argentina ziyinqwaba yeqhwa elitholakala ezintabeni zasePatagonia, isifunda esiseningizimu yezwe. Lezi zinguzunga zeqhwa zibaluleke kakhulu ngoba zihlinzeka ngamanzi ahlanzekile endaweni, zigcina isimo sezulu zisesimweni esihle, futhi ziyindawo eheha izivakashi.
Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela konke odinga ukukwazi mayelana nezinguzunga zeqhwa eziyinhloko e-Argentina, izici zazo nezinto ezikhangayo.
Izici ezijwayelekile zezinguzunga zeqhwa zase-Argentina
Izinguzunga zeqhwa zase-Argentina zinezici ezimbalwa ezibalulekile. Enye edume kakhulu yiPerito Moreno glacier, etholakala endaweni I-Los Glaciares National Park esifundazweni saseSanta Cruz. Lesi singuzunga seqhwa saziwa ngobuhle baso nangezingcezu ezinkulu zeqhwa eliphukayo bese liwela emanzini ngokuduma.
Esinye isici esibalulekile sezinguzunga zeqhwa zase-Argentina ubukhulu bazo. Ezinye zazo, njengeqhwa laseViedma, zingaba ngaphezu kwamakhilomitha angu-50 ubude futhi zibe ngaphezu kwamamitha angu-500 ubukhulu. Lezi zinguzunga zeqhwa zinkulu kangangokuthi ngezinye izikhathi kunzima ukuqonda ubukhulu bazo bangempela.
Lezi zinguzunga zeqhwa, njengeningi lezinguzunga zeqhwa emhlabeni, zisengozini ngenxa yokushintsha kwesimo sezulu. Amazinga okushisa afudumele abangela ukuthi ancibilike ngokushesha kunalokhu akhayo. Lokhu kuyakhathaza ngoba izinguzunga zeqhwa ziwumthombo obalulekile wamanzi ahlanzekile esifundeni futhi ukunyamalala kwazo kungaba njalo umthelela omkhulu kwezemvelo kanye nomnotho wendawo.
Iqhwa linokulinganisela phakathi kwesizukulwane, ukunqwabelana nokuncibilika. Ngenxa yokwanda kwamazinga okushisa amaphakathi omhlaba, liya ngokuya liyancibilika futhi liyancipha iqhwa elikhiqizwayo futhi liqoqwe.
IPerito Moreno Glacier
I-Perito Moreno Glacier ingenye eyaziwa kakhulu e-Argentina futhi idume ngezici ezimbalwa ezihlaba umxhwele. Isibonelo, iqhwa elihlala linyakaza, okusho ukuthi lilingana eliguquguqukayo. Lokhu kwenzeka ngoba iqhwa lakhiwa ukunqwabelana kweqhwa elihlangana liphenduke iqhwa, bese lihamba kancane libheke echibini. Njengoba iqhwa lihamba, imifantu nemifantu kwenzeka okungenza izingqimba ezinkulu zeqhwa ziwele emanzini, umbukwane ohlaba umxhwele owaziwa ngokuthi "ukuqhekeka".
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-Perito Moreno Glacier ingezinye zezinguzunga zeqhwa ezimbalwa emhlabeni ezinganciphi ngosayizi, kodwa kunalokho zihlala zizinzile. Ngokwengxenye lokhu kungenxa yokuthi isendaweni yezulu elibandayo nemanzi, okuvumela iqhwa ukuba lithole iqhwa elanele ukuvala iqhwa elalahleka ngesikhathi sokuphumula. Lesi sici sisenza sikhetheke nakakhulu futhi sisenza sibe yigugu lesizwe.
Esinye isici esiphawulekayo ubukhulu bayo. Inendawo engaphezu kuka-250 km2 nobude obungamamitha angama-60 ngaphezu kwezinga lamanzi.. Itholakala eLos Glaciares National Park, esifundazweni saseSanta Cruz futhi iheha ezokuvakasha ezivela kuwo wonke umhlaba.
I-Viedma Glacier
I-Viedma Glacier ingesinye sezinguzunga zeqhwa ezinkulu nezimangalisa kakhulu e-Argentina, futhi inezici ezimbalwa ezihlaba umxhwele. Itholakala esifundazweni saseSanta Cruz, eduze nedolobha lase-El Chalten, i-Viedma Glacier Yinkulu kunazo zonke e-Los Glaciares National Park, enendawo engaphezu kuka-400 km2.
Esinye sezici ezihlaba umxhwele kakhulu ze-Viedma Glacier ubukhulu bayo. Njengoba ingaphezu kuka-50 km ubude nogqinsi olungaphezu kwamamitha angu-500, ingenye yezinguzunga zeqhwa ezinkulu eNingizimu Melika.. Ngaphezu kwalokho, indawo yayo eziNtabeni ze-Andes iyenza ibe nesimo esihle, esizungezwe izintaba namahlathi ama-lenga, okwenza indawo yobuhle bemvelo obumangalisayo.
Njengeqhwa lasePerito Moreno, i-Viedma nayo ihamba kancane, idala imifantu nemifantu ebusweni bayo, ngezinye izikhathi okubangela ukuba amabhulokhi amakhulu eqhwa awele emanzini. Kungenzeka futhi ukuthi uhambe phezu kweqhwa, okukuvumela ukuthi ubonge ubuso bawo nezici zawo zemvelo eduze.
I-Grac Glacier
Endaweni ebanzi yeTorres del Paine kukhona iGrey Glacier. Kuyibhulokhi yeqhwa cishe amakhilomitha ayi-6 ububanzi futhi ngaphezu kwamamitha angama-30 ukuphakama. Nokho, i-glacier okwamanje iyahlehla. Ilinganiselwa ukuthi iyehla ngenxa yokufudumala kwamazinga okushisa esifunda kanye nezinguquko zemvula. Le qhwa ijikijela izingcezu zeqhwa nxazonke.
I-Uppsala Glacier
Ingenye yezinguzunga zeqhwa ezinde kakhulu. Iphelele ngamakhilomitha angama-765 futhi itholakala eLos Glaciares National Park esiFundazweni saseSanta Cruz, e-Argentina. Ngemuva kwale qhwa ungabona izintaba ezimbozwe yiqhwa kancane lapho i-Perito Moreno yaqala khona.
I-Spegazzini Glacier
I-Spegazzini Glacier ithatha izingxenye zeChile ne-Argentina. Isiqalo sokuvakashela lesi sikhondlakhondla seqhwa sisuka e-El Calafate, njenge-Upsala Glacier. Nakuba itholakala emazweni amabili, ingxenye engavakashelwa iyingxenye encane yale qhwa. Ngobude obuphelele bamakhilomitha angama-66 kanye nenani eliphakeme lamamitha ayi-135, iphakeme kakhulu ePatagonia yase-Argentina.
Izinsongo ezivela eziqhingini zeqhwa zase-Argentina
Izinguzunga zeqhwa zase-Argentina zibhekene nezinsongo ezimbalwa ezinkulu ezibeka ukuphila kwazo engozini kanye nendima yazo ebalulekile ekulinganiseni kwemvelo nezomnotho esifundeni. Enye yezinsongo ezinkulu ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu. Ukwanda kwezinga lokushisa emhlabeni kubangela ukuncibilika ngokushesha kwezinguzunga zeqhwa, okungaba nemiphumela engathi sína, njengokukhuphuka kwezinga lolwandle, ukusweleka kwamanzi kwezinye izifunda, nokulahlekelwa izindawo zemvelo. E-Argentina, ukuncibilika kwezinguzunga zeqhwa kungase futhi kuthinte ukukhiqizwa kwamandla kagesi ophehlwa ngamanzi, okuncike kakhulu emanzini avela ezingcwecweni zeqhwa.
Olunye usongo olukhulu umsebenzi womuntu. Ukuxhashazwa kwemithombo yemvelo, ukwakhiwa kwengqalasizinda kanye nokungcoliswa komhlaba kungaphazamisa izinguzunga zeqhwa nendawo yazo. Isibonelo, izimayini ezinkulu kungadala imfucumfucu enobuthi engcolisa imifula namanzi adla izinguzunga zeqhwa. Ukwakhiwa kwemigwaqo nezakhiwo kungashintsha izindlela zamanzi futhi kuguqule izinqubo zemvelo zezinguzunga zeqhwa.
Ngithemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi mayelana nezinguzunga zeqhwa e-Argentina nezici zazo.