Siyazi ukuthi emkhakheni we-meteorology kunezinhlobo eziningi zemishini yokulinganisa. I-manometer isetshenziselwa ukukala ukucindezela komkhathi. Nokho, abantu abaningi abazi kahle Iyini i-manometer futhi iyini?
Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, sizonikezela lesi sihloko ukukutshela ukuthi i-manometer iyini nokuthi iyini, kanye nendlela yokuyisebenzisa nokuthi yiziphi izinhlobo ze-nanometers ezikhona.
yini i-manometer
I-manometer iyithuluzi lokulinganisa elisetshenziselwa ukukala ingcindezi yoketshezi, okungaba uketshezi noma igesi, ohlelweni oluvaliwe. Ku-meteorology isetshenziselwa ukukala umfutho womkhathi.. Ivame kakhulu embonini futhi isetshenziswa ezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlelo zokusebenza, kusukela ekulinganisweni kwengcindezi kumathayi ezimoto kuya ekulawuleni ukucindezela kumasistimu we-hydraulic kanye ne-air conditioning.
Ukusebenza kwe-manometer kulula. Le divayisi iqukethe ishubhu elivaliwe elixhunywe ohlelweni oluvaliwe okufanele kulinganiswe ukucindezela kwalo. Ishubhu inesikali esithweswe iziqu kanye nenkomba enyakazayo ehamba esikalini ngokusekelwe kungcindezi elinganiswayo. Ingcindezi inamandla oketshezini olusepayipini, okwenza ukuthi inkomba ihambe.
Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zamageji okucindezela, ngalinye lakhelwe ukukala izinhlobo ezahlukene zokucindezela. Amanye ama-manometers alinganisa ukucindezela okuphelele, kanti amanye alinganisa ingcindezi ehlukile noma ingcindezi ehlobene. Futhi, ama-gauge okucindezela angaba nezigaba zokulinganisa ezihlukene, okusho ukuthi angakwazi ukukala ukucindezela ukusuka kuma-kilopascal ambalwa ukuya kuma-kilopascal ayizinkulungwane ezimbalwa.
Yenzelwe ini
Ku-meteorology, i-manometer isetshenziselwa ukukala ukucindezela komkhathi, okungamandla asetshenziswa umkhathi ongaphezulu komhlaba. Umfutho womkhathi uyahlukahluka ngokuya ngobude, izinga lokushisa, nomswakama, futhi iyisici esibalulekile esimweni sezulu nesimo sezulu.
Amageji okucindezela asetshenziswa ku-meteorology abizwa ngokuthi ama-barometers futhi asetshenziselwa ukukala ukucindezela komkhathi ngamayunithi okulinganisa njengama-millibars noma ama-hectopascals. Lawa ma-barometer asetshenziselwa ukukala umfutho omile, okungumfutho womoya onganyakazi. Ungasho ukuthi zisetshenziselwa ukukala isisindo somoya.
Umfutho we-atmospheric usetshenziswa ku-meteorology ukwenza izibikezelo zesimo sezulu nesimo sezulu. Isibonelo, lapho umfutho womkhathi wehla ngokushesha, imvula cishe ingenzeka emahoreni ambalwa alandelayo. Uma umfutho womkhathi ukhula ngokushesha, isimo sezulu singase some futhi lishone ilanga. Lapha kulele ukubaluleka kokukwazi ukwazi ingcindezi yasemkhathini ngokusebenzisa i-manometer.
Izinhlobo zama-manometers
Manje njengoba sesiyazi ukuthi iyini i-manometer nokuthi ingeyani, sizobona izinhlobo ezikhona. I-manometer emise okwe-U iyona evame kakhulu, nakuba kunezinhlobo ezahlukene. Enye igeji yokucindezela uhlobo lomthombo. Kulolu hlobo, uma indawo yolunye uhlangothi lwe-manometer izikhathi eziningana kunezinye, umthamo woketshezi olususiwe uzomela ushintsho oluncane kakhulu ekuphakameni kohlangothi olunendawo encane.
Olunye uhlobo luyi-manometer ye-tube ethambekele, lapho ithubhu yenkomba ye-manometer ihlelwe ngokuzenzakalelayo, ngaleyo ndlela inikeze isikali esikhulisiwe. Kukhona futhi i-double tube manometers. Uma umfutho okaliwe uphezulu, kufanele libe lide ishubhu lokulinganisa uketshezi. Ukwenza ukufunda amageji obubanzi obuphezulu kube lula ngangokunokwenzeka, kwethulwa ama-tube gauge amabili avumela uhla olugcwele lwegeji ukuthi lufundwe engxenyeni kuphela yebanga eliphelele lokubuka elime mpo.
I-Bourdon tube manometers ihlukaniswa njengezinsimbi zokulinganisa ingcindezi yemishini ngakho-ke ayidingi noma yimuphi umthombo wamandla ukuze usebenze. Zingamashubhu akheke ngokwemisakazo anesigaba esiphambanayo esisaqanda. Ekugcineni, kuma-tube manometers aphelele noma avaliwe, ingcindezi elinganisiwe iqhathaniswa ne-vacuum noma i-absolute zero pressure eshubhuni elivalwe ngenhla kwekholomu ye-mercury.
Endabeni ye-meteorology, uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwegeji yokucindezela kweshubhu evaliwe i-mercury barometer yendabuko esetshenziselwa ukukala ukucindezela komkhathi. Leli ishubhu eligcwele i-mercury elingaphezu kwamayintshi angu-30 ukuphakama, elicwiliswe esitsheni se-mercury esivezwa emkhathini.
Ezinye izinqubo, ukuhlola, nokulinganisa kusekelwe phezu kwengcindezi eseduze noma engaphansi kwengcindezi yomoya kanye zilinganiswa kalula kakhulu kuma-manometers eshubhu elivaliwe elibizwa ngokuthi ama-absolute manometers. Lezi zitholakala ekucushweni okumise okwe-U noma okumise kahle. Kunamageji okucindezela anengxubevange yethusi nezingxenye zensimbi engagqwali emakethe, futhi izinqumo zawo, ububanzi bezinkomba, amamaki okunemba, nezinga lokushisa elivumelekile kuhlukile.
Okunye ukusetshenziswa
I-manometer isetshenziswa nakweminye imikhakha hhayi kuphela ku-meteorology. Isibonelo, embonini yezimoto, lawa madivaysi asetshenziselwa ukukala umfutho wesondo lemoto. Umfutho wesondo ofanele ubalulekile ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kwemoto nokwelula ukuphila kwamasondo. Izikali zokucindezela ziyasetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zamabhuleki kanye nohlelo lwe-air conditioning lwezimoto.
Embonini yezindiza asetshenziselwa ukukala ingcindezi ezindizeni ze-hydraulic kanye ne-pneumatic systems. Lokhu kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi indiza isesimweni esiphephile sokundiza. embonini yamakhemikhali Zisetshenziselwa ukukala ingcindezi kuma-reactors amakhemikhali. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi ukusabela kwamakhemikhali kwenzeka ngokuphepha nangempumelelo.
Embonini yezokwakha, zisetshenziselwa ukukala ingcindezi kumapayipi namasistimu okushisa. Lezi zinyathelo ziqinisekisa ukuthi izinhlelo zisebenza ngendlela efanele futhi ngokuphepha. Ekugcineni, ibuye isetshenziswe emkhakheni wezokwelapha ukukala umfutho wegazi. I-cuff ifakwa engalweni yesiguli bese i-manometer isetshenziselwa ukukala umfutho wegazi emithanjeni.
Ngithemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi mayelana nokuthi iyini i-manometer nokuthi iyini.