Esinye sezibalo ezifuna ukwazi ukuthi umhlaba wonke uhambile yizo Imigqa yeNazca. Lawa ama-geoglyphs amadala kakhulu atholakala emnyangweni we-Ica wasePeru. Lawa ma-geoglyphs adalwa yisiko langaphambi kukaColumbian Nazca elakhiwa phakathi kwekhulu lokuqala kanye nele-XNUMX AD. Ngalesi sikhathi sasinalo leli siko elaligqame ngokuba nezethulo eziqoshwe kokubili ngobumba nasemadwaleni nasemhlabathini uqobo.
Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela konke odinga ukukwazi ngemigqa yeNazca nomlando wayo.
Iyini imigqa ye-nazca
Amathafa asogwadule atholakala kulezi zindawo aziwa ngegama lamampama. Atholakala emadolobheni aseNazca nasePalpa futhi aziwa emhlabeni wonke ngokuba nezibalo eziningi zolayini ezindaweni ezisehlane. Kusho ukubonakaliswa ngokwezobuchwepheshe abizwa ngama-geoglyphs. Uma sikhuluma ngama-geoglyphs sibhekisa ezibalweni ezakhiwe emathafeni noma emithambekeni.
Le migqa imele izitshalo nezilwane kanye nokunye ukwakheka kwejiyomethrikhi okufana nemiklamo yomoya, ama-trapezoid, onxantathu nama-zigzags, phakathi kokunye. Usayizi wemigqa yeNazca uvame ukuhluka kakhulu. Njengoba ezinye zazo zinkulu kakhulu, azinakuzwakala ngokugcwele uma sizibuka sisemhlabathini. Ogwini lwasePeruvia kuphela kutholakale kufika ku-40 ezindaweni ezine-geoglyphs. Futhi lokhu kungenye yezethulo ezibaluleke kakhulu zangaphambi kweSpanishi emlandweni.
Iqiniso lokuthi kunezindawo eziningi kangaka ezinama-geoglyphs likhombisa ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwalezi zindlela zobuciko kwakuyinto ejwayelekile futhi isabalele phakathi kwamasiko asendulo ase-Andes. Imidwebo yolayini bakwaNazca igcinwe isesimweni esihle kwazise indawo eyenziwe kuyo iyindawo enomswakama omkhulu. Kodwa-ke, abanye ochwepheshe bathi la ma-geoglyphs ezinye izindlela bezilokhu zigugile ngenxa yokudlula kwabahamba ngezinyawo nezivakashi. Imigqa ibilahlekelwa obunye bobuhle bayo ngenqubo ye-oxidation yomhlaba ogwadule.
Ukutholwa nomlando
Le migqa ivikelwe ngumthetho wasePeru futhi ibhekwa njengeCultural Heritage of Humanity. Lo mbuso wokuvikela okuphezulu ubhekele ukuvimbela ukungena kwabantu kulezi zindawo ngenhloso yokuvikela ukonakala nokuguqulwa kwamafomu. Ngenxa yezifundo ezaqala ngekhulu lamashumi amabili, kwenzeka ukuthi kutholakale ukuthi isiko lamaNazca laqala cishe eminyakeni engama-200 ngaphambi kokuzalwa kukaKristu. Ochwepheshe bakwazile ukuvuma ukuthi ngaphakathi kwaleli siko kube nezikhathi ezithile zenguquko ezithonywe ngamanye amasiko. Nakhu ukuthi sehlukanisa kanjani isiko leNazca kula maphuzu amathathu: I-Nazca yasekuqaleni (50-300 AD), i-Middle Nazca (300-450 AD) neLate Nazca (450-650 AD).
Kuyaziwa ukuthi leli siko landulelwa yisiko lakwaParacas eminyakeni eyalandela. Ochwepheshe abagxile emizamweni yabo yokufunda ngemvelaphi namasiko eNazca bathi bekungewona umphumela wokufuduka kwabanye abantu abangomakhelwane. Ukunwetshwa kwalezi geoglyphs kungumphumela wenqubo ebanzi yokuthuthukiswa kwamasiko kuyo yonke indawo yase-Andes.
Yonke indawo lapho Ama-geoglyphs anwebeka awugwadule futhi aqondana nogwadule lwe-Atacama. Ingenye yezindawo ezoma kakhulu emhlabeni wonke. Ngenxa yalokho, kungabonakala ukuthi isimo sendawo saziwa ngokuba namathafa amaningi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, sinamathafa abanzi anezakhi zensika ezifakwa eminyakeni edlule. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, sinolunye uhlobo lwendawo lapho sithola khona izigodi ezinamasimu avundile asebenza njengendawo yokuhlala phakathi kwalezi zindawo ezomile.
Ukutholakala kwemigqa yeNazca
Ngenxa yamathambo nezinsalela ezitholakele, ochwepheshe banqume ukuthi amaNazcas azoba nempilo enhle kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, iningi labo labulawa yizimbangela nofuba. Ngaphandle kokuthi abantu banempilo enhle kakhulu, isikhathi sokuphila sasifushane kakhulu. Babengakaze babe khona abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-40 ubudala. Ukuze kusungulwe imininingwane eminingi ngaleli siko, kutholwe amathuna ahlukahlukene anezimpawu ezahlukahlukene nobuningi beminikelo. Lokhu kusivumela ukuthi siqinisekise ukuthi isiko lamaNazca lalinokuhlukaniswa okuqinile kwezenhlalo.
Leli dolobha alizange lakhe noma yiluphi uhlobo lodonga noma lokuvikela, ngakho-ke kulandela ukuthi bekungafanele kube khona noma yiluphi uhlobo lwezimpi, kepha ukuthi bahlala ngokuthula. Izindlu zazakhiwe nge-quincha, umhlanga nezinkuni.
Ezindaweni lapho kutholakala khona imigqa yeNazca sinezindawo ezithile ezingcwele. Futhi ukuthi abagibeli bezindiza ngonyaka we-1930 baqala ukuthola lezi zinhlobo eziyimfihlakalo ezazakha izinja, izinkawu nezinyoni zasolwandle, phakathi kwezinye izinto. Kulapha lapho imfihlakalo yemigqa yeNazca yazalwa khona. Kamuva yaba yindawo ekhangayo yezivakashi.
Ama-geoglyphs agcinwe ngenxa yomswakama ophansi ogwadule, okhiqiza ukuguguleka okuncane kakhulu. Siyazi ukuthi ama-geological agents agcina ekhukhula izindawo ngumoya namanzi. Kukhona izivunguvungu zesihlabathi ogwadule lwase-Atacama, kepha azizange zibe zimbi. Futhi ukuthi lezi zivunguvungu zihlanze futhi zasusa isihlabathi esibekwe ematsheni, zenza ukuthi ama-geoglyphs abonakale kangcono.
Ama-geoglyphs okuqala
Ama-geoglyphs okuqala adwetshiwe babonakala ngokuba yimidwebo engokomfanekiso yabantu, izilwane nezinye izidalwa ezingaphezu kwemvelo. Mhlawumbe zonke lezi zibalo zisetshenziswe njengohlobo lwendlela ebambe izindawo ezisenyakatho zihlangene nezindawo eziseningizimu. Endaweni esenyakatho, sekutholwe izinsalela zezindlu ezahlukahlukene ezakhiwe ngenhla kolayini. Lokhu kungakhombisa ukuthi isiko leNazca ngokwalo alizange linikeze ukubaluleka kwale migqa.
Ngiyethemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi ngemigqa yeNazca nomlando wayo.