Ngokuqinisekile uzwile izikhathi eziyizinkulungwane ezindabeni mayelana I-Azores anticyclone. Kuyinto yesimo sezulu esithinta isimo sezulu seNhlonhlo Yase-Iberia futhi okufanele siqondwe kahle kakhulu ukuze kuqondwe izimbangela nemiphumela enayo esimweni sezulu saseSpain. Ososayensi bafunde le anticyclone iminyaka eminingi futhi ihlobene kakhulu ekubikezelweni kwesimo sezulu.
Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, sizonikezela lesi sihloko ukukutshela ukuthi iyini i-Azores anticyclone, yiziphi izici zayo, izimbangela nemiphumela.
Yini i-anticyclone
Into yokuqala ukwazi ukuthi iyini i-anticyclone. I-anticyclone iyindawo enengcindezi ephezulu (ngaphezulu kuka-1013 Pa) lapho ukucindezela komkhathi kuphezulu kunokucindezela komoya ozungezile futhi kukhuphuka ukusuka kumngcele ukuya phakathi nendawo. Ngokuvamile kungahlotshaniswa nesimo sezulu esizinzile, isibhakabhaka esicwathile, nokukhanya kwelanga.
Ikholomu ye-anticyclone izinze kakhulu kunomoya ozungezile. Ngokulandelayo, umoya owela phansi udala into ebizwa ngokuthi iyacwila, okusho ukuthi ivimbela ukwakheka kwemvula. Vele, kufanele kucatshangwe ukuthi indlela umoya owehla ngayo iyohluka kuye ngesimo sendawo lapho itholakala khona.
Lokhu kugeleza komoya kwe-anticyclonic kulula ukukhula ehlobo, okwenza kube nzima kakhulu inkathi eyomile. Ngokungafani nezivunguvungu, okuyinto kulula ukubikezela, ngokuvamile anesimo nokuziphatha okungavamile. Ngobubanzi, ama-anticyclone angahlukaniswa ngamaqembu noma izigaba ezine.
Iyini i-Azores anticyclone
Uma uthi nhlá, ukuba isazi sesimo sezulu e-Azores kungase kubonakale kuwumsebenzi olula, kodwa konke lokho okubenyezelayo akulona igolide. Ama-anticyclone adumile ungahumushi ngaso sonke isikhathi esimweni sezulu esizinzile phezu kweqoqo leziqhingi. Ezweni lakithi ngokuvamile kusiqinisekisa isimo sezulu esomile nesinelanga ehlobo, kodwa siyenzeka nasezindaweni zethu zasebusika. Lokhu futhi ikwenza ngokunyakazisa umoya futhi ibangele iziqephu ezidumile zokungcoliswa kwebusika emadolobheni amakhulu. Ngakho-ke, iphethe ukumaka isikhathi endaweni yethu. Kodwa kwakheka kanjani?
Ukwakheka kwayo kuhlobene nokujikeleza komkhathi kanye nomehluko wokushisa phakathi kwenkabazwe nezigxobo. Imisebe yelanga ihumusha emazingeni okushisa aphezulu ezindaweni ezisenkabazwe, okwenza umoya ofudumele ukhuphuke ngenxa yokuminyana kwawo okuphansi. Umoya ofudumele ukhuphuka hhayi kuphela endaweni ephakeme, kodwa futhi ku-latitude.
Kufika ku-30°-40°N. Lapha, yehla ngenqubo yokucwila eholela ekuthuthukisweni okungaguquki kanye neqanda, okudala i-anticyclone. Ngakho-ke lokhu kuhumusha esimweni sezulu esizolile nesinelanga.
Ehlobo, ijwayele ukusondela eNtshonalanga Yurophu, ivimbe ukungena kweziphepho ezivela ezindaweni ezisenyakatho. Ebusika, ngakolunye uhlangothi, sisuke siqhelelene nawo ngoba ukwehla kwenzeka eningizimu. Okokufaka kwesiphepho nomoya obandayo bese kukhululeka ukuzulazula ngokukhululeka ezindaweni eziphansi. Isimo sezulu eNhlonhlweni yase-Iberia sizothinteka ngokududula nokudonsa kwama-anticyclone neziphepho ezivela enyakatho.
Sinjani isimo sezulu nge-Azores anticyclone?
Nakuba leli qoqo leziqhingi liqanjwe ngale anticyclone edumile, isimo sezulu esiqhingini simatasa kakhulu kunalokho esasikucabanga ekuqaleni. Empeleni, isimo sezulu siyashintsha kakhulu futhi kunomswakama. Vele, uma uhlela ukuya kuleli hlobo, ungakwenzi ucabanga ngendawo oya kuyo ilanga nolwandle. Kunalokho, cabanga ngalezi ziqhingi njengendlela yokubalekela ukushisa. Uzothola amazinga okushisa amaphakathi, kodwa cishe uzomangala uma lina ngolunye usuku.
Kuye ngeziqhingi esizivakashelayo, isimo sezulu sizohluka, nakuba ngokuvamile lipholile ngaphandle kwenkathi eyomile nehlobo elipholile. Eziqhingini ezimaphakathi nezisempumalanga, isimo sezulu siyabanda, sinehlobo elomile nelipholile.
Ngenxa yalokho, ihlobo liba mnene kunobusika, kanti imvula inetha kakhulu phakathi kuka-Okthoba noNdasa. Ngokujwayelekile, kukhona umehluko omncane phakathi kwenkathi eyodwa nenye. Okuyohlale kukhona kuzoba nomswakama omningi. I-meteorological variable exhunywe nomthelela wasolwandle onikeza iqoqo leziqhingi uhlaza kanye nengxenye yobuhle bendawo obuyibonakalisayo.
Umehluko neziphepho
Kuvamile ukuphambanisa ama-anticyclone neziphepho, njengoba iziphepho zibuye zibizwe ngokuthi ama-cyclone. Nokho, ziphambene. Ukuze siqonde umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwalezi zimo ezimbili zesimo sezulu, ake siqonde ukuthi iyini incazelo yesiphepho.
Iziphepho ziwumoya osabalele kancane ovame ukuphakama. Yindawo lapho umfutho we-atmospheric uphansi kunendawo ezungezile. Ukuya phezulu komoya kuthanda ukwakheka kwamafu, ngakho-ke ukukhiqizwa kwemvula. Ama-gusts empeleni abhebhezelwa umoya obandayo, futhi ubude bawo buncike kumthamo womoya obandayo eziwuphethe. Lezi zinhlobo zobuningi bomoya azinzile kakhulu, zakha futhi zihamba ngokushesha.
Enyakatho nenkabazwe, isiphepho sizungeza ngokuphambene newashi. Lezi zindimbane zomoya ziletha isimo sezulu esingahlaliseki kahle, esiguqubele, sinemvula noma esinesiphepho, futhi ngezinye izikhathi iqhwa ebusika.
I-Azores anticyclone kanye nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu
Ucwaningo lokufudumala kwembulunga yonke luphakamisa ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi i-Azores anticyclone iye yaqina eminyakeni yamuva nje, ngaphandle kwama-oscillations ohlobo lwe-ENSO, okuholela ezenzakalweni zezulu ezedlulele kakhulu eningizimu-mpumalanga ye-United States. Kungase futhi kube nokushintshwa kwe-latitudinal kwe-crest, namanye amamodeli ekhompuyutha amele ukunwetshwa okuqhubekayo ngasentshonalanga kwe-anticyclone yesikhathi esizayo. Nokho, ebusika 2009-2010, i-anticyclone yaba yincane, yathuthela enyakatho-mpumalanga, futhi yaba buthakathaka kunokuvamile, okuyinto kubangele ukwanda okusheshayo kwamazinga okushisa ebusweni maphakathi ne-Atlantic.
Njengoba ubona, i-Azores anticyclone ibaluleke kakhulu esimweni sezulu se-peninsula futhi iwusizo kakhulu ekubikezeleni isimo sezulu. Ngithemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi mayelana ne-Azores anticyclone nezici zayo.