Kwezinye iinkqubo zemozulu ezingaphambili ezihamba kwiindawo eziphakamileyo, kunokwenzeka ukuba kujongwe ukulandwa kwemigca kwimephu ekubonakala ukuba ayiqondwa kakuhle luluntu ngokubanzi. Ezi ntlobo zemigca ngamanye amaxesha zisetyenziselwa ukugqitha ukuchaza amasimi emvula kunye noxinzelelo oluchazwe kwangaphambili kumhlaba. Le migca yaziwa ngokuba yimikhombe. Uninzi lwabantu alwazi yintoni umkhombe kwaye imele ntoni.
Ke ngoko, siza kunikezela eli nqaku ukuba likuxelele yonke into ekufuneka uyazi malunga nomkhombe, ziimpawu zawo kunye nohlobo lwawo.
Yintoni umkhombe
Kukho iinkcazo ezahlukeneyo ngaphakathi koncwadi lwezenzululwazi malunga nokuba yintoni umkhombe. Singatsho ukuba yindawo edibeneyo yoxinzelelo oluphantsi olunxulumene nomphezulu okanye kumanqanaba aphezulu. Ayinxulunyaniswa ngokubanzi nokujikeleza okuvaliweyo, kwaye ke isetyenziselwa ukwahlula ukusuka kumzantsi ovaliweyo. Ukuchasene kukungqengqa. Le nkcazo ifana ngokusondeleyo nomxholo wesitya esinamandla okanye sebarometri. Kwezi meko, kwanele ukujonga ubuncinci bomphezulu woxinzelelo lomoya okanye ukuphakama apho uxinzelelo lwe-isolineas lungasondeli ukuzoba kumkhombe.
Kunye nomkhombe oqhelekileyo, umbono wokungena kwamanzi uvela. Yeyona apho ii-isobars, eziyimigca yoxinzelelo olulinganayo, babonisa ulwahlulo olwahlukileyo kunesonka samasi esiqhelekileyo ngokubhekisele kuxinzelelo oluphambili. Umkhombe oguqulweyo kunokuthiwa wandise emantla ukusuka emazantsi oxinzelelo.
Ingqondo yomkhombe inxulumene noxinzelelo lweatmosferi, ubushushu okanye amasimi omoya kodwa kungaze kubethe imvula okanye imeteorology ngelo xesha.
Iindidi zemikhombe
Masibone ukuba zeziphi iintlobo eziphambili zemikhombe ezikhoyo:
- Umkhombe webarometri. Inxulumene neendawo ezikufutshane kwinqanaba elifanayo, indawo yomoya onoxinzelelo lomoya osezantsi. Imelwe ziisobars okanye inkqubo yee-isobars eziphantse zafana kwaye zimile okwe-V kwitafile yemeteorological, kunye neendawo zayo zokujonga uxinzelelo olusezantsi.
- Umkhombe wamandla. Iifom zoxinzelelo emva koluhlu lwentaba oludlula ngokuthe nkqo okanye phantse ngokuthe nkqo emoyeni. Umzekelo, oku kuyenzeka xa umoya wasentshona udibana nomxokelelwane womhlaba ukusuka emantla uye emazantsi.
- Zulahleka kwimimoya yasempuma. Indawo yoxinzelelo oluphantsi kwindawo yemimoya yorhwebo, ubukhulu becala iyahluka kumoya okhoyo ngoku kwaye usuka empuma uye entshona.
- Ukunkcenkceshelwa kwimimoya yasentshona. Ukunkcenkceshelwa kwimimoya yasentshona embindini wesithuba, ngokubanzi esiya empuma. Ukongezwa kwalomkhombe kwimimoya esempuma yeendawo eziphantsi kunxulunyaniswa nemimoya yasentshona ekuphakameni, ngaphezulu kwemimoya esempuma yamanqanaba asezantsi.
- Umkhombe obandayo. Umkhombe woxinzelelo lomoya apho iqondo lobushushu liphantsi kunendawo ekufuphi.
- Umkhombe wamanzi. Ukunkcenkceshelwa kumhlaba osentshona obanzi ngokwaneleyo ukufikelela kwiindawo eziphakamileyo zetropiki. Umphezulu unxulumene neentlambo zoxinzelelo olusezantsi kwimimoya yetropika yasempuma, kodwa imimoya yasentshona ibonakala kwiindawo eziphakathi. Ihamba isuka entshona iye empuma kwaye ihamba nesigqubuthelo sefu esikuyo yonke imigangatho. Amafu e-cumulus eshinyeneyo kunye ne-cumulonimbus zihlala zivela kwaye zikufutshane nomda wentlambo. NgoJuni nango-Okthobha iinkqwithela kwintshona yeCaribbean zihlala zenzeka kwiintlambo ezisemazantsi.
Singaqhubeka nokujonga kunye nokuhlalutya uluhlu lwamagama ngaphandle kokufikelela kwizigqibo eziqinisekileyo. Amagama esithuba okanye okwexeshana adibanisa ubukho beentlambo ezinemihlaba emincinci kunye nolwakhiwo lwexeshana azibonakali kuzo zonke iinkcazo, nangona oku kuthathelwa ingqalelo ngokungagungqiyo: iintlambo zizakhiwo ezingaphantsi, ezingabonakalisi umphezulu wexesha. Ukuqonda ukuba yintoni ukudakumba, siza kuthetha ngothotho lweziseko zokuqala.
Iinkqubo zangaphambili
Imida ichazwe ngokucacileyo ukupheliswa kwendawo kunye nokuyeka okwexeshana phakathi kobunzima bomoya obenzeka kumbindi wobude kwaye banxulumene nezitshingitshane ezingaphaya komhlaba. Ngokuqinisekileyo, ubungakanani bayo be-longitudinal spatial kunye nomjikelo wobomi bayo benza ukuba iwele ngaphakathi komgangatho obizwa ngokuba yimozulu. Ukubonakaliswa kwayo kuyaziwa kwaye kulula ukuyichonga.
Sichazwe ngokucacileyo ngaphambili, kukuphelisa phakathi kwembumba yomoya eneempawu ezahlukeneyo zemozulu ngokweqondo lobushushu, ukufuma, umoya, njl. Iphambili eliqhelekileyo kwinqanaba lemozulu liqala ukuba nobume obunemilinganiselo emithathu, ke Ukupheliswa kufikelela kwinqanaba eliphakathi, umzekelo ukuya kuthi ga kwi-700-500 hPa. Imigca yeklasikhi (imida ebandayo, imida efudumeleyo kunye neefonti zokuma) ayikho enye into eyindlela apho umoya usasaza ngokuthe gca kunye nokuma okuthe tye kwamaqondo obushushu kunye nokufuma phakathi kobushushu obufudumeleyo nobufudumeleyo bendawo efudumeleyo kunye neendawo ezibandayo zepolar. Zidibene nezaqhwithi ezingaphaya komhlaba okanye iinkanyamba kwaye zinobume bemozulu. Umphambili unxulumene notshintsho lwemozulu.
Ukuba inkqubo yangaphambili ayinakubonakaliswa komphezulu, umphambili kuthiwa mde. Ngamanye amaxesha, ezi zakhiwo ziqinisekileyo zinophawu lwazo olungqalileyo, nangona ezinye luzizobela njengeemikhombe.
Imikhombe kunye nemigca yokungazinzi komoya
Phantsi kweemeko ezithile, Imikhombe itsaliwe njengezinto ezinxulumene nolwakhiwo olungagungqiyo lwenyanga kwezona nyanga zishushu, ezenziwa ngokusisiseko zijolise kugxilwe kwimini nobusuku. Olu phawu lubonisa imephu yemozulu yenzelwe ukuxhasa umhlaba welifu, ngakumbi umhlaba oqikelelweyo okanye ohlalutyiweyo, oqhele ukutolikwa njengomgca wotshintsho lwemozulu okanye ukonakala ngenxa yokuhamba. Inqaku yile, ngamanye amaxesha le migca ingazinzanga ixhaswa kukuntywila okunamandla kunye nobushushu kunye neqondo lobushushu eliphantsi, zonke ezinokuthi zenze imeko efanelekileyo yokuhambisa. Ngale ndlela, uxinzelelo luhlala lutsalwa ngasemva kwempuphuma / umgca wokugubungela ilifu, onxulumene notshintsho lwemozulu olunxulumene nokuhambisa kunye neenkqwithela.
Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi ungafunda ngakumbi malunga nokuba yintoni umkhombe kunye neempawu zawo.