Sisoloko siwutolika umoya njengokuhamba komoya usuka kwenye indawo uye kwenye kwaye, ngaphandle kokuba uthwele isanti okanye izinto, asinakuwubona. Ukufuna ukwazi kwabantu emoyeni kuvela kwindlela yokulinganisa izinto esingaziboniyo. Inkqubo ye- i-anemometer Sisixhobo sokulinganisa esetyenziselwa ukulinganisa umoya kunye namandla awo. Sesinye sezixhobo zemozulu ezisetyenziswa kakhulu kwihlabathi lemeteorology.
Ke ngoko, siza kulinikela eli nqaku ukuba likuxelele ukuba yintoni i-anemometer, iimpawu zayo kunye nokuba luncedo kwayo.
Yintoni i-anemometer
I-anemometer ilinganisa isantya somoya kwangoko, kodwa ukugqabhuka kunokuguqula iziphumo zemilinganiselo, ke olona manyano luchanekileyo ngumndilili wemilinganiselo ethathwe rhoqo kwimizuzu eli-10. Kwelinye icala, i-anemometer iyasivumela ukuba silinganise ngokukhawuleza isantya somoya omkhulu. Kungenxa yoko le nto ilunge kakhulu kwimisebenzi yolwandle.
Siyabulela kwezi zixhobo zemozulu sinokulazi isantya somoya. Ezona zisetyenziswa kakhulu zibizwa ngokuba yi-windlass. Balinganisa isantya nge-km / h. Xa umoya 'ungqubana' nesibuko somoya, uyajikeleza. Imithambo eyenzayo ifundwa yikhawuntara okanye erekhodwe kwibhendi yamaphepha ukuba yi-anemograph.
Ukulinganisa isantya somoya oxwesileyo, esona sixhobo sisetyenziswa kakhulu yi-anemometer yendebe, apho ujikelezo lweekomityi lulingana nesantya somoya. Iyunithi yokulinganisa yi-km / h okanye m / s.
Iimpawu eziphambili
Iimpawu ezibonakalayo ze-anemometer ziyahluka kakhulu ngenxa yokubonakala kwayo, kodwa njengolona jikeleziso lusetyenzisiweyo, kuya kufuneka uyazi ukuba inelade emzimbeni wayo, iipopu ezimbalwa okanye iikomityi ekugqibeleni, kunye nesifuba esifana nefeni. yeyokubala isantya somoya.
Nangona ezinye iintlobo zibonelela ngotshintsho olukhulu kwimodeli yoqobo kunye nemifanekiso, ukusebenza kwazo akutshintshanga. Zonke zibonelela ngomlinganiso wesantya sencindi yolwelo. Ewe kunjalo, ezinye zichanekile kunezinye.
Ukusetyenziswa kwayo kuyasebenza, idatha oyinikezelayo iluncedo kakhulu, kwaye njengoko ingabizi kakhulu, nabani na angazonwabela izibonelelo zayo, esenza esi sixhobo sokulinganisa sisiseko sobomi bemihla ngemihla nobungcali babantu abaninzi.
Iindidi zeeanemometers
Zininzi iintlobo zeememomitha. Isiseko senziwa ngumngxunya wokukhanya kunye nokukhanya (i-Daloz) okanye i-paddle (yeWild) isikhundla sayo xa kuthelekiswa nendawo yokumiswa itshintsha ngumoya, olinganiswa nge-quadrant.
I-anemometer ejikelezayo ixhotyiswe ngekomityi (iRobinson) okanye i-propeller eqhagamshelwe kwishafu esembindini. Ukujikeleza kwayo kuyalingana nesantya somoya kwaye kunokurekhodwa ngokulula; Kwi-anemometer yemagneti, le spin isebenze i-microgenerator ukunceda ngokuchaneka. Imilinganiselo.
Ukucinezelwa kwe-anemometer kusekwe kumbhobho wePitot kwaye ineetyhubhu ezimbini ezincinci, enye inembobo yangaphambili (yokulinganisa uxinzelelo olunamandla) kunye nomngxuma osecaleni (wokulinganisa uxinzelelo lwe-static), kwaye enye inecala kuphela. Umahluko phakathi koxinzelelo olulinganisiweyo uvumela isantya somoya ukuba simiselwe.
I-anemometers ebiza ngexabiso elimangalisayo inokuthengwa kwabanye babathengisi abaphambili kwintengiso. Xa kufuneka ukuchaneka okuphezulu, ezi anemometers zinokulungela usetyenziso lwemozulu kwaye zifakwe koomatshini bomoya. (Ngokwesiqhelo isetyenziselwa ukumisela ukuba kukho umoya owaneleyo wokuyiqala)
Nangona kunjalo, ii-anemometers ezingabizi kakhulu akunamsebenzi ukulinganisa isantya somoya kwishishini lamandla omoya kuba zinokungachaneki kakhulu kwaye zingalungelelaniswa kakuhle, kwaye Impazamo yokulinganisa inokuba yi-5% okanye i-10%. Ungathenga i-anemometer enobuchule obulinganiswe kakuhle ngexabiso eliphantsi kwaye impazamo yokulinganisa imalunga ne-1%.
Izicelo
Kukho uluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo ze-anemometer kwimiba eyahlukeneyo. Masibone ukuba zeziphi ezona ziphambili:
- Ukulima: Jonga iimeko zokutshiza izityalo okanye ukutshisa iindiza.
- Ukuhamba ngenqwelomoya: ibhaluni yomoya oshushu, isityibilikisi, ukundiza, imicrolight, iparashute, iparaglider.
- Zobunjineli: ukhuseleko lokwakha, iimeko zokusebenza, ukusebenza kwe-crane ngokukhuselekileyo, imilinganiselo yomoya.
- Uqeqesho: ukulinganisa kunye nokuvavanywa kokuhamba komoya, ukuvavanywa kweemeko zangaphandle kwimidlalo yezikolo, uphando ngendalo esingqongileyo.
- Ukuphela: Ibonisa ingozi yokusasazeka komlilo.
- Ukufudumeza nokungenisa umoya: Imilinganiselo yokuhamba komoya, jonga imeko yeefilitha.
- Izinto endizithandayo: imodeli yenqwelomoya, imodeli yenqanawa, ikayiti ephaphazelayo.
- Icandelo: Ukulinganisa ukuhamba komoya, ulawulo longcoliseko.
- Izixhobo zeAlive a zaa: ukutola, ukukhwela ibhayisikile, ukudubula, ukuloba, igalufa, ukuhamba ngenqanawa, iimbaleki, inkampu, ukunyuka intaba, ukunyuka intaba.
- Sebenza phesheya: ukuvavanywa kwemeko.
I sebenza njani
Kunokuthiwa olona hlobo lusetyenziswa kakhulu lwe-anemometer luhlobo lwendebe, ebala isantya somoya ngokubala inani leenguqulelo ezirekhodiweyo, zichazwe kwiimitha ngeesibini (m / s).
Olunye uhlobo lwe-anemometer yi-anemometer yocingo eshushu, esetyenziselwa ikakhulu utshintsho olukhawulezileyo lwesantya. Olu hlobo lwe-anemometer lwenziwe ngombane oshushu wombane weplatinam okanye wocingo lwe-nickel kwaye xa uvezwe kukuvuthuza komoya ubushushu be-filament buya kutshintsha ukubonelela ngedatha efunekayo.
Ngale ndlela sizakufumana ukufundwa, kodwa ukuba sifuna idatha ibengumndilili, kuyafuneka ukubhengeza isixhobo imizuzu eli-10 ukufumana umgama olungileyo wokubala, kuba ukuba uvavanya isantya somoya imizuzwana embalwa, inokuba Linganisa kuphela ukubetha komoya, ayisiyiyo ukuhamba komoya rhoqo.
Ukubaluleka kwe-anemometer
Ukubaluleka kwesi sixhobo kubonakala kwinani elikhulu lamasimi okanye imisebenzi enokusetyenziswa kuyo. Nangona ingenako ukusetyenziswa okuninzi, umlinganiso wesantya somoya umele idatha eluncedo kakhulu kwimisebenzi emininzi, ke ithatha indawo ebalulekileyo. Imilinganiselo yezixhobo.
Kuba umoya yinto ephambili kwiimeko ezininzi okanye kwimisebenzi, umlinganiso wayo luluncedo olubalulekileyo, enkosi kwesi sixhobo sinokuluqonda ngokulula ulwazi kwaye ixabiso lifikeleleka kakhulu.
Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi unokufunda ngakumbi malunga nokuba yintoni i-anemometer kunye neempawu zayo.