Urbain LeVerrier wayengomnye wezazinzulu ezingama-72 kumgangatho wokuqala we-Eiffel Tower. Yayiyeyesine kwicala lasentshona. Wayeyingcaphephe yezibalo yaseFransi esebenza ngoomatshini basezulwini. Eyona mpumelelo yakhe ibalulekileyo yaba kukufumana kwakhe iNeptune ngentsebenziswano esebenzisa imathematika kuphela kunye nedatha evela kuqwalaselo lwangaphambili lwenzululwazi ngeenkwenkwezi. Izinto awayezenza kwimathematika nakwinzululwazi ngeenkwenkwezi zazininzi.
Ngesi sizathu, siza kunikezela eli nqaku ukuze sikuxelele yonke i-biography kunye nokuxhaphazwa kwe-Urbain Le Verrier.
Ibhayografi ye-Urbain Le Verrier
Urbain-Jean-Joseph LeVerrier, isazi ngeenkwenkwezi, owazalwa ngoMatshi 11, 1811 eSaint-Lô (Ibala). Wafela eParis ngoSeptemba 23, 1877, isikhumbuzo sesona siganeko sibalulekileyo ebomini bakhe. Enyanisweni, kwakungoSeptemba 23, 1846 apho waqala khona ukubona ubukho kunye nokuma kweNeptune esibhakabhakeni kwiBerlin Observatory. Wangena kwiPolytechnic ngo-1831, wathweswa isidanga seNjineli kwiFactory yeCuba yeSizwe.
Olunye lophando lwakhe lwaselabhoratri lwapapashwa kwii-Annals of Physics and Chemistry. Ngo-1837 wonyulwa njengomfundisi wezifundo zeGeodesy kunye neeMachines e-Ecole Polytechnique, wangena ezihlangwini zikaSavary, owasweleka ngo-1839, emva kweminyaka emibini engunjingalwazi. I-Le Verrier ihlala ingaziwa. Nangona kunjalo, uphando kwi ukuzinza kwenkqubo yelanga kunye nokumiselwa kwemida apho ii-orbit ezinkulu zeplanethi kufuneka zijike xa zihambelana nokuthambekela komnye nomnye zabamba ingqalelo ka-Arago, kwaye uArago wambongoza ukuba aqhubeke nophando lwakhe olutsha kwaye wagqiba ekubeni alandele ukujonga ngeenkwenkwezi.
Ukufunyanwa kwe-Urbain Le Verrier
UVerrier wasebenzisa le nkxaso ekucokiseni ithiyori yeMercury, enika ingqwalaselo ngokukodwa kwii-comets zexesha. Le misebenzi yavula iingcango ze-Academy ngoJanuwari 19, 1846, apho waphumelela u-Count Cassini, owokugqibela kubukhosi obuzukileyo kunye nobude beCassini, owathi ngo-207 (ukusuka kwi-1625 ukuya ku-1832) icacisa inzululwazi ye-astronomy, ijografi kunye nebhotani.
Kwakungelo xesha apho u-Urbain Le Verrier, enegunya elipheleleyo le-computing, waqala ithiyori ka-Uranus, umsebenzi omkhulu owakhokelela ekufumaneni iNeptune. Le yenye yezona nzame zengqondo yomntu. Le nto ifunyenweyo isanda kwenza igama lakhe lingafi. Kangangeminyaka, i-Uranus ishiye izazi ngeenkwenkwezi ziphelelwe lithemba, zingakwazi ukumisela indawo ekuyo, nangona izazinzulu ezinetalente ezifana neLaplace kunye neDelambre ziyikhathalele.
Kwizinto ezitenxileyo zokushukuma kwenkwenkwezi ekhohlakeleyo kunye nokungaqiniseki, umahluko mkhulu kakhulu. I-Verrier ibambelela kwesi sisombululo. Wenza ii-equations ezinxulumanisa izihlwele kunye nezinto ezingaziwayo ii-orbit zeplanethi kunye neempawu eziphazamisayo ze-Uranus. Ukwazile ukuhlengahlengisa ulungelelwaniso lwenkwenkwezi ebalekayo ngoko babesondelelene kakhulu, yazilungisa ngexesha elithile yaza ngokuthe ngcembe yacacisa ngokuthe ngqo apho sinokusibona khona isijikelezi-langa nangaliphi na ixesha.
Esi siqikelelo sasinengqiqo, ngaloo mini ngoSeptemba 23, 1846, uMnumzana Galle eBerlin, xa efumana umyalezo, wabonisa i-telescope yakhe kwindawo esibhakabhakeni eboniswe nguLe Verrier. Apho wabona iplanethi ebhengeziweyo kwaye wayinika igama elithi Neptune, awayigcinayo nangona uArago wayeqhankqalaza ngamazwi nabhaliweyo, efuna ukuyibhaptiza ngegama lombhali wayo. Ukufunyaniswa kubangele isiphithiphithi, ngeembeko kunye nokuvuyisana nayo yonke indawo, ukuwa njengeqela leenkwenkwezi ezidubulayo kwisazi seenkwenkwezi esiselula, athe urhulumente kaLuis Felipe wadala unjingalwazi wenzululwazi ngeenkwenkwezi kwiFaculty of Sciences eParis.
Iinkumbulo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-Urbain Le Verrier
Iinkumbulo zikaLe Verrier zeNeptune zapapashwa kwi<em>Knowledge of the Times ngowe-1849. Xa sayifunda, sachukumiseka kukubona indlela ekwakuyiyo ukucinga kude ngayo ukuze sifike kuloo mphumo kusetyenziswa amanani kuphela. Oku kusinika umbono wamandla ekhompyuter kunye nesigxina sayo. Emva kokufa kuka-Arago ngowe-1853. UVerrier wonyulwa njengomlawuli weParis Observatory. Wadala inkonzo ye-alamu ye-port, intsikelelo yomatiloshe, ukuthunyelwa kwezolimo ngoku igubungela yonke iFransi kwaye ihlala isesona siseko sophando esithembekileyo, esizaliswe ziziphumo ezizayo kunye nezingalindelekanga kunye notshintsho olukhulu kwindalo.
Ikwaseke nenkonzo yemozulu ukulumkisa iinqwelomoya xa zisuka emhlabeni zisiya ngakumoya. Saba nethamsanqa ngokwaneleyo ukwenza ukunyuka kokuqala kwibhaluni enkulu eBrussels ngoSeptemba 24, 1864, phambi koKumkani uLeopold I esangweni laseSchaerbeek, phambi kwegadi yezityalo emangalisayo. Ngowe-1804 waseka uMbutho weNzululwazi yaseFransi, owathi kwiminyaka embalwa kamva wadityaniswa noMbutho wokuPhucula iNzululwazi. Ilungu leNkongolo, uSenator, kunye nesazi ngeenkwenkwezi esaziwayo, ubonakala ekuvuyela ukunxulumanisa igama lakhe nobukrelekrele bokufumanisa. NgoJuni 25, 1889, kwakhiwa umfanekiso oqingqiweyo eLe Verrier kwintendelezo yeParis Observatory, emva koko kwathiywa isitrato esikufutshane neziko.
Ezinye iziphumo
Iziphumo zeLe Verrier zihlala ziqinisekiswa ngezinto ezintsha ezifunyenweyo. Ngoko, kwintlanganiso yeAcademy of Sciences ngoNovemba 18, 1889, seva unxibelelwano oluvela kuM. Faye malunga noComet Winnek. Intshukumo yale nkwenkwezi isetyenziselwa ukumisela inyibilika yeJupiter kunye neVenus. Ixabiso le element yokugqibela Yiloo nto kanye iLe Verrier efunyenwe kwizibalo zakhe ezinde. Oku kuqinisekiswa yinyaniso ephawulekayo ephakamisa ngakumbi uzuko lweenkwenkwezi ezikrelekrele ezisebenza kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu.
I-eulogy kaLe Verrier yapapashwa nguMM. UJB Dumas, uJansens, uTresca, uFaye, uJoseph Bertrand, kunye noYvon Villarceau. Lo mfanekiso ungasentla wenziwa emva komzobo ka-Daverdoing we-1846, umzuzu owathi wafunyanwa kwiminyaka engama-35 emva kokuba igama likaLe Verrier lingafi. I-Pradier yenza i-bust entle kakhulu ye-Le Verrier ngo-1850.
Njengoko ubona, le nzululwazi yayibaluleke kakhulu ngelo xesha kwaye ibali lakhe lisasekho nanamhlanje. Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi unokufunda ngakumbi malunga ne-Urbain Le Verrier kunye nezenzo zakhe.