Siphila kwihlabathi apho, nangona kunokubonakala kungakholeleki, okwenzekayo apha kunokuba neziphumo kwelinye icala lomhlaba. Ngokubhekisele kwimozulu, besele sithethile kwi a nqaku ukuba isixa esikhulu samanzi esiveliswa ngamahlathi emvula silawula amaqondo obushushu kwihlabathi liphela.
Ngoku, uphononongo olupapashwe kwiphephancwadi i-Nature Climate Change, lufumanise ukuba, ngokuqhubeka nokukhupha icarbon dioxide emoyeni, i-monsoon yase-North America inokuthamba. Ukuba bayakwenza oko, iziphumo zinokuba nzima.
Yintoni imononoon?
Ukuqonda ubunzulu bombandela, masichaze ukuba zeziphi iimonons. Imonsoon ngumoya wamaxesha onyaka oveliswa kukushenxiswa kwebhanti lemvula elishushu, ethi yona ijikeleze ukusuka emantla eTropic yeCancer ukuya emazantsi eTropic yaseCapricorn ekuhambeni konyaka. Eli bhanti lithwala iimvula kwi-hemisphere esemazantsi ukusuka ngo-Okthobha ukuya ku-Matshi, nakwindawo esemantla ye-Epreli ukuya ku-Septemba.
Ngelixa kwenye indawo inetha kakhulu, ikhokelela kwizikhukula ezinzima, kwelinye icala, ixesha elomileyo linamava.
Iveliswa njani?
Zibangelwa kukuba umhlaba upholile kwaye ubushushu ngokukhawuleza kunamanzi. Kukho imvula yasekwindla, kunye nemvula yasekwindla. Eyokuqala yenziwa ngenxa yokuba umhlaba ufikelela kubushushu obuphezulu kunobo bamalwandlekazi, ukuze umoya unyukele ngasemoyeni obangela isaqhwithi okanye indawo yoxinzelelo olusezantsi. Umoya uvuthuza usuka kwiindawo zoxinzelelo oluphezulu uye kwiindawo zoxinzelelo oluphantsi ukuzama ukulinganisa zombini uxinzelelo, ke oko kubangela umoya onamandla ophuma elwandle. Okokugqibela, imvula yenzeka ngenxa yokuphakama nokuphola komoya ezintabeni.
Ngexesha lokuwa kunye nobusika umhlaba uphola ngokukhawuleza, kodwa ulwandle luthatha ixesha elide ukwenza njalo, ke iqondo lobushushu lihlala liphezulu. Ke ngoko, umoya uyenyuka ubangela indawo yoxinzelelo oluphantsi elwandle, kwaye umoya uvuthuza usuka emhlabeni uye elwandle. Njengokuba umahluko kubushushu phakathi komnye nomnye ungaphantsi kakhulu kunasehlotyeni, umoya ovuthuza ukusuka kwi-anticyclone uye kwisiphepho awuhlali njalo.
Kutheni le nto iMozulu yaseMntla Melika inokuba buthathaka?
Iimonons zibuthathaka kakhulu kwii-greenhouse gases, ngokutsho kwababhali bezenzululwazi ze kufunda USalvatore Pascale, uWilliam R. Boos kunye neqela labo. Sebenzisa imodeli yemozulu yehlabathi, bayifumene Ukuba ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni dayoksayidi kunokuphinda kabini, imimoya yaseNyakatho Melika ibinokuba buthathaka, ngokukodwa kumazantsi-ntshona eMelika. Ngoba?
Uzinzo lweatmosfera kwaye, ke ngoko, amandla ombindi ombane abangelwa kukufudumeza okufanayo ulwandle kubonakala kungunobangela wokuncipha kwemvula.
Lo nto, amanyathelo okuziqhelanisa kuya kufuneka athathwe kwaye, ngaphezu kwako konke, ukusebenzisa ngcono ubutyebi bamanzi.