Emva kokuhlalutya ukuhamba komhlaba kunye neziphumo esinazo kuthi, siza kuhlalutya ukuhamba kwenyanga. Inyanga yisathelayithi yethu yendalo kwaye ijikeleza kwaye ijikeleze kuyo. Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zentshukumo enayo kunye nokusondela okanye umgama wendawo yayo ngokubhekisele kwiplanethi yoMhlaba kumisela ixesha lokuphumla losuku, iintsuku, iiveki, iinyanga kunye nonyaka kwaye zichaphazela kakhulu amaza.
Ke ngoko, kweli nqaku siza kufunda nzulu ukuba ziintoni iintshukumo zenyanga kwaye zeziphi iziphumo ezinazo kubomi eMhlabeni.
Zeziphi iintshukumo ezenziwa yinyanga?
Kuba kukho amandla enomtsalane phakathi kwenyanga noMhlaba, kukwakho neentshukumo zendalo zesatellite. Njengomhlaba wethu, unentshukumo ezimbini ezizodwa ezaziwa njenge Ukujikeleza kwi-axis yayo kunye nokuguqula kwi-orbit emhlabeni jikelele. Ezi ntshukumo zezo zibonakalisa inyanga kwaye zinxulumene namaza kunye izigaba zenyanga.
Ngexesha leentshukumo ezahlukeneyo anazo, uthatha ixesha ukuzigqiba. Umzekelo, indawo yokuguqula epheleleyo ithatha umndilili weentsuku ezingama-27,32. Oku kuyamangalisa, inyanga ihlala isibonisa ubuso obufanayo kwaye ibonakala izinzile ngokupheleleyo. Oku kungenxa yezizathu ezininzi zejiyometri kunye nolunye uhlobo lwentshukumo ebizwa ngokuba yinkululeko yenyanga esiya kuyibona kamva.
Xa uMhlaba ujikeleza iLanga, inyanga iyayenza nayo, kodwa eMhlabeni, kwicala elingasempuma. Umgama osuka enyangeni uye eMhlabeni ngokuhamba kwawo uhluka kakhulu. Umgama phakathi kweplanethi kunye nesathelayithi yi-384 km. Lo mgama uyahluka ngokupheleleyo kuxhomekeke kumzuzu ekukujikeleza kwawo. Kuba i-orbit iyadideka kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ikude, iLanga linefuthe elibonakalayo kumandla alo omxhuzulane.
Iimpawu zenyanga azilungiswanga kwaye zihamba iminyaka eyi-18,6 yokukhanya. Oku kwenza ukuba i-elliptical yenyanga ingagungqi kwaye i-perigee yenyanga yenzeka kuyo yonke iminyaka eyi-8,85. Le perigee kuxa inyanga ikwisigaba sayo esipheleleyo kwaye ikufutshane kakhulu kwi-orbit yayo. Kwelinye icala, i-apogee kuxa ikude kakhulu kwi-orbit.
Ukujikeleza kwenyanga kunye nokuguqulela
Ukuhamba kwesathelayithi yethu ejikelezayo kungqamene nokuguqulela. Ihlala iintsuku ezingama-27,32, ke sihlala sisibona icala elinye lenyanga. Oku kwaziwa ngokuba yinyanga esecaleni. Ngexesha lokujikeleza kwayo Yenza i-angle yokuthambekela kweedigri ezingama-88,3 ngokubhekisele kwindiza yokuguqulela elliptical. Oku kungenxa yamandla omxhuzulane enza phakathi kwenyanga noMhlaba.
Ngexesha lesindululo sayo sokuguqulela eMhlabeni, ithambekele malunga ne-5 degrees ngokubhekisele kwi-elliptical. Kuthatha ukwenza ujiko olupheleleyo ngokufanayo nakuyo. Oku kushenxiswa okujikeleze iplanethi yile nto yenza amaza ohlukileyo esinawo ngoku.
Enye intshukumo eyenziwa yinyanga yile yotshintsho. Imalunga nokujikeleza okukhoyo elangeni kwiLanga. Le ntshukumo yenziwa ngokudibeneyo kunye nomhlaba wethu, njengoko ujikeleza ngokwawo kwaye ujikeleza ujikeleze umhlaba.
Iziphumo zokuhamba kwenyanga
Ngenxa yoku kuhamba kwenyanga, sineentlobo ezithile zeenyanga osenokuba ukhe weva ngazo kodwa ezingaqhelananga nazo. Siza kukucacisela nganye nganye.
- Inyanga yeSidereal. Yeyona ihlala iintsuku ezingama-27, iiyure ezisixhenxe, imizuzu engama-7 kunye nemizuzwana eli-43. Le nyanga yenzeka xa isigaba senyanga sigqibe isangqa esipheleleyo. Isangqa seyure sesona siphezulu kummandla wesibhakabhaka.
- Inyanga yesinodi. Lixesha elithathayo ukupasa izigaba ezibini ezilinganayo kwaye zihlala zithatha iintsuku ezingama-29. Kukwaziwa njengegama lokuphumla.
- Inyanga yetropiki. Malunga nexesha apho kukho amanyathelo amabini alandelwa yinyanga ngesangqa senqaku leAries. Ihlala iintsuku ezingama-27.
- Inyanga yeAnomalistic. Ihlala iintsuku ezingama-27 kunye neeyure ezili-13 kwaye kulapho kukho izigaba ezibini ezilandelelanayo kwi-perigee.
- Inyanga yedraconic. Lixesha elithathayo ukusuka kwisigaba esinye ukuya kwenyanga ukudlula kwi-node enyukayo. Ithatha iintsuku ezingama-27 kunye neeyure ezi-5.
Ukukhululeka kwenyanga
Yintshukumo enayo inyanga esinokubona ngayo kuphela i-50% yomphezulu wayo okanye ubuso obufanayo rhoqo. Zintathu zona iindlela zenkululeko. Siza kuzihlalutya nzulu.
- Inkululeko kububanzi. Inxulumene nokuthambeka phakathi kokuhamba kwenyanga kunye nenqwelomoya ye-elliptical. Oku kwenza ukuba kube lula ukubona kuphela umntla nomzantsi wenyanga ngaxeshanye. Inqaku lenqwelomoya yeikhweyitha yenyanga ingaphezulu nangaphantsi kwenqwelomoya yokuhamba. Oku kusiqinisekisa ukuba kukho indawo engaphezulu yokujonga ukusuka kummandla ochaseneyo ne-polar.
- Inkululeko yasemini. Kule nxalenye inento yokwenza nesikhundla apho umbonisi ekuloo mfanekiso wenyanga. Zininzi izinto ezinokuthi ziqwalaselwe.
- Inkululeko ubude. Kungenxa yenyani yokuba intshukumo yokujikeleza kwenyanga iyunifomu ngokupheleleyo, ngelixa intshukumo yokuguqulela ingenjalo. Oku kwenza i-perigee ibe yinxalenye apho inyanga ihamba ngokukhawuleza kwaye i-apogee icothe. Kwenzeka into efanayo ngomhlaba kunye nokujikeleza kwawo elangeni xa uku I-aphelion kunye ne-perihelion. Njengomphumo wale ntshukumo sineejingi eziya eNtshona, sisenza ukuba sikwazi ukubona ubuso obunye kuphela kwimimandla esempuma nasentshona yenyanga.
Kunokuthiwa ukukhululeka kwenyanga yindawo ekubekwe kuyo inyanga kwaye kulapho zenzeka khona iintlobo ezintathu zenkululeko. Kuyabonakala ukuba ibangela ukuba ihambe ngendlela ejikelezayo kwaye ayibuyeli kwindawo yayo yasekuqaleni.
Ndiyathemba ukuba olu lwazi luyakunceda ukuba wazi ngakumbi malunga nokuhamba kwenyanga.