Namhlanje kunye nobungqina obukhoyo malunga notshintsho lwemozulu, basekhona abantu abaphikayo. Abantu abakholelwa ukuba utshintsho lwemozulu lukhona. Ngaphandle kokuya phambili, sinoMongameli wase-United States, uDonald Trump, obukhanyelayo ubukho botshintsho lwemozulu yehlabathi. Ucinga ukuba yinto eyenziweyo yamaTshayina ukufumana ukhuphiswano.
Kuqhelekile ukuba kwiindawo ezithile zehlabathi oku kungaxoxwa ngako. Kuba ngokotshintsho lwemozulu, iplanethi yethu iyafudumala. Nangona kunjalo, kwiindawo ezininzi zeplanethi ubusika obubandayo burekhodwa, bophula iirekhodi zamaqondo obushushu asezantsi. Ukuba kunjalo, Ngaba ngokwenene utshintsho lwemozulu lukhona? Kutheni le nto siphazamile ngokukhanyela ubukho bayo?
Ubungqina obwenza kubonakale ngathi utshintsho lwemozulu alukho
I-97% yoluntu lwenzululwazi luyabungqina ubukho botshintsho lwemozulu yehlabathi. Oku, nangona amaqondo obushushu abandayo ebonwa kwiindawo ezithile zeplanethi, nangona kunjalo, ayilunganga ukusebenzisa obu bungqina ukuphika ubukho benguquko yemozulu echaphazela ilizwe liphela.
Imeko ye El Niño ngoyena mntu uphambili kuzo zonke ezi ziganeko zemozulu ezinokubhidanisa umhlaba wonke. Ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi, isebenza kwimijikelezo yeminyaka emine kwaye ifunyenwe kummandla wonxweme olusentshona eMzantsi Melika. Amaqondo obushushu ashushu olwandle achaphazela imimoya yorhwebo kwihlabathi liphela kwaye yiyo loo nto izivunguvungu zasebusika zide ziveliswe kwimimandla efana neYurophu. Le yingcaciso yokuba kutheni sifumana ubusika bubanda kakhulu, hayi ngenxa yokuba utshintsho lwemozulu alukho.
Kukho nobunye ubungqina obunokukhokelela ekwaleni ukutshintsha kwemozulu. Imalunga Ukukhula komkhenkce okuye kwenzeka eAntarctica kule minyaka idlulileyo. Oku kukuchasene ngokupheleleyo nokwenzekayo eArctic, enomkhenkce omncinci nangaphantsi. Inkcazo yoku kukuba iAntarctica, ngenxa yesikhundla sayo, ijikelezwe yimimoya enamandla kunye nemisinga yolwandle eyikhuselayo. Ngale ndlela ikhuseleke ngakumbi kwiziphumo zangaphandle zemozulu.
Ubungqina bokutshintsha kwemozulu okwenyani
Nangona obu bungqina bangaphambili bunokusikhokelela ekubeni sithandabuze malunga nobukho botshintsho lwemozulu yehlabathi, inyani yahlukile. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, iplanethi yoMhlaba iye yafumana ukwanda okungathandekiyo kumaqondo obushushu ukusukela oko imilinganiselo yenkqubo yaqala ukubuyela emva ngo-1880.
U-2016 ngunyaka oshushu kakhulu kwirekhodi, ngo-2015 no-2014 bathatha indawo yesibini neyesithathu ngokwahlukeneyo. Ngokutsho kwakhe Iphaneli yoorhulumente yokuTshintsha kweMozulu (IPCC, ngesibizo sayo esiNgesini), iqondo lobushushu lehlabathi jikelele lenyuke nge-0,85 degrees Celsius ukusuka kwi-1880 ukuya kwi-2012.
Ke, ngaphandle kwento yokuba kukho ukubanda kwiindawo ezithile zeplanethi, ngekhe sigxile kulo. Kuya kufuneka sihlalutye imeko yonke yamaqondo obushushu eplanethi iphela. Kukho abantu abalufundileyo utshintsho lwemozulu athe uMhlaba waba nalo ukutyhubela imbali kwaye bayayikhathaza le nto yokuba utshintsho lwemozulu yangoku ayikho enye into ngaphandle kokuguquguquka kwendalo kwaye umntu akangenelelanga kuyo.
Kuyinyani ukuba imozulu yoMhlaba itshintshile kwimbali, kodwa yintoni ekhokelela ekucingeni ukuba ngumntu unobangela woku, sisantya olwenzeka ngalo olu tshintsho lwemozulu. Oko kukuthi, utshintsho kwimozulu yehlabathi kuyo yonke imbali yoMhlaba yenzekile ngenkqubo yendalo ethathe izigidi zeminyaka ukuba zenzeke. Nangona kunjalo, ubushushu behlabathi ngoku benzeka nje kwisithuba seminyaka eli-150. Oku kubangelwe yinxalenye enkulu yokukhutshwa kwegesi yendlu eluhlaza kwindalo evela kwimisebenzi yethu yezoqoqosho kwaye ubungqina boku zizifundo ezininzi nolwazi esinalo malunga neempawu zezi gesi.
Kukho ubungqina obungaphezulu bokutshintsha kwemozulu esiza kubona kwisithuba esilandelayo.