Ukufudumala kwehlabathi kuya kuqhubeka kuqhubela phambili ngaphandle komzekelo. Idala ingxaki entsha yenzululwazi yehlabathi eyaziwa ngokuba ubumnyama behlabathi. Kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo ukuba ukufudumala kwehlabathi kuchaphazeleka ngokunyuka kweegesi ze-greenhouse, ezithi, zigcine ubushushu obukhulu kwi-atmosfera.
Kweli nqaku siza kukuxelela ukuba yintoni na i-global dimming kunye neziphumo zayo.
Utshintsho lwemozulu
Ngokwemigqaliselo eyenziweyo, utshintsho lwemozulu lubangelwa utshintsho lwangaphakathi kwinkqubo yemozulu kunye nokusebenzisana phakathi kwamacandelo ayo kunye / okanye utshintsho lokunyanzeliswa kwangaphandle okubangelwa yizizathu zendalo okanye imisebenzi yabantu. Ngokuqhelekileyo, akunakwenzeka ukucacisa ngokucacileyo ubukhulu bempembelelo yezi zizathu. Uqikelelo lokutshintsha kweMozulu oluvela kwiPhaneli yoRhulumente kuTshintsho lweMozulu (IPCC) luqwalaselwa ngokubanzi kuphela impembelelo yokunyuka kwe-anthropogenic kwiigesi ze-greenhouse kunye nezinye izinto ezinxulumene nomntu kwimozulu.
Ukufudumala okukhawulezileyo komphezulu womhlaba (global warming) ivela ekwandeni kwempembelelo yegreenhouse ebangelwa yimisebenzi yabantu, kunye nokutshintsha kokusetyenziswa komhlaba, ukungcoliswa kwee-nitrate, njl. Isiphumo esishiyekileyo sesokuba amanye amandla afunliweyo avalelwe ekuhlaleni, kwaye umphezulu weplanethi uthande ukufudumala (IPCC).
Yintoni i-global dimming
Ngamafutshane, i-global dimming ichasene, nangona oku kuphikisana kuncinci. I-Global dimming ligama elibhekiselele ekunciphiseni kwemitha yelanga efikelela kumhlaba womhlaba ngenxa yokwanda kwemitha yelanga. I-albedo yamafu aphantsi yenza umphumo wokupholisa kumphezulu.
Kukholelwa ukuba kukwanda kwe-aerosols ye-atmospheric, efana ne-carbon black (i-charcoal) okanye i-sulfur compounds, ebangelwa yimisebenzi yabantu, ngokukodwa ukutshiswa kwamafutha e-fossil kwi-industry kunye nokuthutha. Ukufiphala kwehlabathi kunokukhokelela izazinzulu ukuba zingayijongeli phantsi impembelelo yeegesi zegreenhouse, ngokuyinxenye ivala ubushushu behlabathi. Iimpembelelo ziyahluka ngokwendawo, kodwa kwihlabathi jikelele, ukuncipha kujikeleze i-4% kwiminyaka engamashumi amathathu (1970-1990). Le meko iye yatshintshwa ngeminyaka yoo-90 ngenxa yamanyathelo okunciphisa ungcoliseko olubonakalayo.
Ubungqina bobumnyama behlabathi
Makhe sibone ukuba yintoni ubungqina obahlukeneyo bobumnyama behlabathi:
Ukuncipha kwimitha yelanga efikelela emhlabeni
Umsebenzi wokuqala opapashiweyo ubonakala ungoka-Atsushi Omura phakathi kwiminyaka yoo-1980, owafumanisa ukuba ukusasazeka kwemitha yelanga efikelela kumhlaba kunciphe ngaphezu kwe-10 ekhulwini xa kuthelekiswa neminyaka engama-30 edlulileyo.
Kwelinye icala, uGerald Stanhill ubone ukwehla okumandundu kwe-22% kukukhanya kwelanga kwa-Israel phakathi kuka-1950 kunye no-1980 ngelixa wayelinganisa ukukhanya kwelanga kwiprojekthi yenkqubo yokunkcenkceshela kwaSirayeli. UStanhill uyile igama elithi ukuthotywa kwehlabathi okanye ukuthotywa kwehlabathi.
Kwenye indawo yomhlaba, Beate Liepert wafikelela kwisigqibo esifanayo kwiiWild Alps. Ngoko ke, ukusebenza ngokuzimeleyo, iziphumo ezifanayo zafunyanwa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zehlabathi: Phakathi 1950 kunye 1990, inqanaba amandla elanga ukufikelela phezu komhlaba wehla nge-9% e Antarctica, ngo-10% eUnited States. 30% eUnited States. IRashiya kunye neUnited Kingdom 16%). Amanani amakhulu okunciphisa afunyenwe kwi-latitudes ephakathi kwi-Northern Hemisphere, kunye nemimandla ye-spectrum ebonakalayo kunye ne-infrared iyona echaphazelekayo.
Ukuncipha kwesantya somphunga kwitreyi okanye itanki
Olunye uphononongo oluluncedo kakhulu xa uthelekisa iziphumo lelo lomlinganiselo wokuphuphuma komphunga kwiimbiza (umlinganiselo womphunga wemihla ngemihla oveliswa licwecwe lamanzi lobukhulu obuthile). Iirekhodi zokuguquka kwamanzi zibe ngumphunga ziye zaqulunqwa ngononophelo kule minyaka ingama-50 idlulileyo.
Ngenxa yokunyuka kwamaqondo obushushu ehlabathi, sinokulindela ukuba umoya wome ngakumbi kunye nesixa somphunga ovela emhlabeni unyuke. Ngeminyaka yee-1990, izazinzulu zalumkisa ngelokuba, ngokumangalisayo, uhlolisiso lweminyaka engama-50 edluleyo lubonise okwahlukileyo koko. Iziphumo zikaRoderick kunye noFarquhar kuphononongo lwabo lokunyuka komphunga kwi imbiza icuthe ukuphuphuma komphunga kule minyaka ingama-50 idlulileyo.
Ukuncipha kwamazinga okurhabula kweedisk zehlabathi kubonisa utshintsho olukhulu kumjikelo wamanzi wehlabathi onokukhokelela kwiimpembelelo ezibalulekileyo zokusingqongileyo kunye nezentlalo zoqoqosho.
Iindlela zokuxinana ezivela kwiinqwelomoya
Ezinye iingcali zemozulu, ezinjengoDavid Travis, ziqikelela ukuba iindlela zejethi zinokunxulumana nobumnyama behlabathi. I-traffic yorhwebo yomoya yaphazamiseka iintsuku ezintathu emva kwe-11 kaSeptemba 2001, inika ithuba lokujonga imozulu yase-US ngaphandle kweziphumo eziqikelelwayo kunye neemeko zokuzinza kwe-atmospheric (imeko enqabileyo yesenzo).
Iziphumo ezifunyenweyo zibe zintle noko. Amaqondo obushushu (ngokwee-oscillations ze-thermal) anyuke nge-1ºC kwiintsuku ezintathu, ebonisa ukuba ubukho bokunqanda inqwelo-moya bunokwandisa amaqondo obushushu ebusuku kunye/okanye bunciphise amaqondo obushushu emini ngomlinganiselo omkhulu kunokuba bekucingwa ngaphambili.
Iziphumo
Ezinye izazinzulu ngoku zikholelwa ukuba iziphumo zokuncipha kwehlabathi zifihla ifuthe lobushushu behlabathi, ngoko ke ukulungisa ukuncipha kwehlabathi. inokuba neempembelelo ezibalulekileyo nezingalindelekanga kumaqondo obushushu olwandle.
Olunye uqikelelo lolokuba amaqondo obushushu ashushu anokukhokelela ekubalekeni okukhawulezileyo nokungenakuguqulwa kweediphozithi ezinkulu zemethane hydrate ezivaleleke phantsi ngoku elwandle, ikhupha irhasi yemethane (IPCC), enye yezona gesi zinamandla zegreenhouse.
Ukongeza kwiziphumo zehlabathi, isenzeko se-global dimming sineziphumo zengingqi. Uthuthu lwentaba-mlilo olusemoyeni lunokuyibuyisela imitha yelanga emajukujukwini luze lupholise isijikelezi-langa. Ubukho bamasuntswana angcolisayo emoyeni bunokubangela iingxaki zempilo kubantu (inkqubo yokuphefumula).
Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi unokufunda ngakumbi malunga ne-global dimming kunye neempawu zayo.
Ngokuchanekileyo ifoto yokuqala yenqaku, yeyesibhakabhaka esigcwele i-Chemtrails okanye into efanayo, ukuguqulwa okwenziweyo abakwenzayo esibhakabhakeni sethu nge-aerosols, ukugcwalisa isibhakabhaka ngeekhemikhali, ukuguqula imozulu kunye nokuba amafu ngemvula. ESpain into abayenzayo lirhamncwa kwaye ngokujonga nje umfanekiso wesathelayithi kwi-SAT24.com ndinokufumanisa ukuba ipateni efanayo yelifu ayisoloko inokwenzeka. Yonke iYurophu ngamafu, ngaphandle kwePeninsula.
Benza unothanda ngemozulu, ngelixa besilahlekisa ngezinto ezinjengokutshintsha kwemozulu nobuvuvu obahlukeneyo.