Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngohlobo lokwahluka okubaluleke kakhulu xa kusekelwa uhlobo lwemozulu kwindawo ethile. Imalunga ne- ubukrelekrele. Irradiance bubungakanani obulinganisa amandla ombane ngeyunithi yendawo yesiganeko kwimitha yelanga kwindawo enikiweyo. Esi sixa semitha yelanga esibetha umphezulu silinganiswa ngaphezulu kwendawo echaziweyo kunye nexesha.
Kule nqaku siza kukuxelela yonke into ofuna ukuyifumana malunga ne-irradiance kunye nokubaluleka kokuseka iintlobo zemozulu.
Iimpawu eziphambili
Irradiance bubungakanani obusincedayo ukulinganisa ukuba imitha yelanga iwela phi kumphezulu othile kwaye ngexesha elithile. Kuyaziwa ukuba ayisiyiyo yonke imitha yelanga evela elangeni efikelela kwiplanethi yethu. Irradiance ibonakaliswe kwiiyunithi zamandla ngokwendawo nganye. Ngokwesiqhelo amaxabiso achaziwe kwii-watts kwimitha nganye nganye. Ukuba sibhekisa kwimisebe yelanga siza kube sithetha ngesixa se-irradiance esifunyanwa ngumphezulu owunikiweyo ngeyunithi yexesha.
Umzekelo, sinokuthi i-irradiance kwindawo Iilitha ezili-10 ngeemitha zesikwere kunye neyure. Oku kuthetha ukuba esi sixa semitha yelanga siwela kwisikwere seemitha nganye ngeyure. Ngale ndlela, sinokwazi ukuba ingakanani imitha yelanga efunyanwa ngumphezulu othile ngokuhamba kwexesha ukumisela ukuba loluphi uhlobo lwemozulu oluhlala kwindawo ethile.
Siyazi ukuba imitha yelanga yinto eyahlukileyo ebalulekileyo kwixabiso lamaqondo obushushu endaweni. Ukuba le ndawo ifumana isixa esikhulu semitha yelanga, kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuba ineqondo lobushushu eliphezulu. Ukongeza, ezi xabiso zezo zimisela ulawulo lomoya olukhoyo kunye nezinye zeziganeko zomoya ovelisa imvula. Ilanga yinjineli ebangela iimeko zemozulu ezinje ngemvula ukuba ziveliswe kwi-troposphere. Imitha yelanga etshisa inxenye yomhlaba, ebangela ukuba umoya ojikelezileyo ushushu kwaye uthande ukunyuka.
Kwindawo apho umoya uphakama khona, kuya kubakho uhlobo lwesikhewu ekufuneka luzaliswe ngomnye umoya. Le yindlela asekwa ngayo amashishini omoya. Umahluko okhoyo phakathi kokuxinana komoya, kokukhona umoya mkhulu. Ukongeza, le yimeko elungileyo yokudala ii-anticyclone kunye neenkqwithela.
Imvelaphi ye-irradiance
Ngokwembono yobuchwephesha, imitha yelanga kumphezulu womhlaba yindlela yokongeza ixesha elithile apho imitha ichaphazela umphezulu wokucoca ngokudityaniswa komoya. Idatha esisifumana kwimisebe yelanga ngaphezulu iya kuxhomekeka kwixesha lonyaka, ubude, imozulu ngokubanzi kunye nexesha losuku esikulo.
Imitha yombane ivela elangeni. Ngamandla avela kwi-fusion reaction yenyukliya eyenzeka rhoqo ngaphakathi kwelanga. Oku kusabela kwenyukliya ezimbini ze-hydrogen nuclei zidibanisa ukwenza i-helium nucleus. Ngexesha lokudityaniswa kweeathom, kukhutshwa isixa esikhulu samandla, esikhutshwa ngohlobo lwemitha.
Kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo ukuba ubushushu obuveliswa yile mpendulo bunoxanduva lokuba ilanga libe sisiqwenga esikhulu se-incandescent esenza ubushushu obufikelela kumphezulu womhlaba. Kufuneka sihlale sikhumbula ukuba iplanethi yethu ikwindawo eyaziwa ngokuba yi "indawo ekuhlalwa kuyo". Oko kukuthi, yayisondele ngokwaneleyo ukuba ilanga lisifudumale, kodwa lanele ngokwaneleyo ukuba lingasitshisi.
Umphezulu welanga umalunga nama-5500 degrees celcius. Le nkwenkwezi ikhupha isixa esikhulu semitha ye-electromagnetic kwimitha yobubanzi obubanzi kunye noluhlu lwamaxesha. Imitha ye-electromagnetic radiation isusela kwi-ultraviolet iye kwi-infrared, ingingqi ebonakalayo ebantwini ebizwa ngokuba ngumnyama. Ubume bemitha yelanga yeyona nto ibandakanya onke amaza elanga awanikayo ilanga, nokuba libonakala ebantwini.
Iindidi ze-irradiance
Kukho iintlobo ezininzi ze-irradiance kuxhomekeka kwiimpawu zazo kunye nemvelaphi yazo. Siza kuhlalutya inyathelo ngalinye ngenyathelo:
- Iyonke imitha yelanga: Ngumlinganiso lowo oquka onke amaza ombane kwiyunithi yokuchaphazela imeko-bume ephezulu yesijikelezi-langa sethu. Ihlala ilinganiswe ngokungathi lilanga lingena emoyeni.
- Ngqo i-irradiance eqhelekileyo: nguwo olinganisa umphezulu womhlaba kwindawo ethile. Ukulungiselela le nto, umba usetyenziswa kumphezulu obekwe ngokungagungqiyo elangeni. Isikhanyisi esingqalileyo esipheleleyo siyakulingana nesikhanyisi esingaphandle kwendalo esingaphezulu komoya, thabatha ilahleko yasemoyeni ngenxa yokufunxwa nokusasazwa kokukhanya ngumoya namafu. Ezi lahleko zinokunyuswa okanye zincitshiswe ngokuxhomekeke kwixesha losuku, ubude, ikhava yelifu, umxholo wokufuma, phakathi kwabanye.
- Ukusasaza i-irradiance ethe tye: Kukwaziwa ngegama lokusasazeka kwemitha yesibhakabhaka. Le yimitha apho imitha evela ekukhanyeni ethe saa emoyeni ifikelela kumhlaba. Obu bungakanani bunokulinganiswa kumphezulu othe tyaba kunye nemitha evela kuwo onke amanqaku esibhakabhakeni. Ukuba iatmosfera ibingabikho bekungasekho ukusasazeka kwemitha ethe nkqo.
- Isikhanyisi sehlabathi jikelele: Okokugqibela, olu hlobo lwe-irradiance luthatha umlinganiso welanga elipheleleyo kwindawo ethe tyaba emhlabeni. Kubalwa njengesixa se-irradiance ngqo kunye nokusasazeka kwe-irradiance ethe tye.
Onke la maxabiso asekwe ngenjongo yokwazi imeko-bume yendawo ethile. Ukongeza, isetyenziselwa kwizifundo ezininzi zokuphuhlisa kunye nokwakha amandla ahlaziyekayo asebenza nelanga. Umzekelo woku ngamandla elanga photovoltaic. Ukuqhuba isifundo esinokubakho sombane we-photovoltaic, kuyadingeka ukuba wazi isixa semitha yelanga eya kuthi ichaphazele umphezulu wophahla lwendlu unyaka wonke. Ukongeza, amaxabiso ezinye izinto ezinje ngesigqubuthelo selifu, ukufuma kunye nolawulo lomoya, phakathi kwabanye, kuya kufuneka.
Ndiyathemba ukuba olu lwazi ungafunda ngakumbi malunga ne-irradiance.