Enye yezinto ezibangela umdla esizifumanayo ngokubhekisele kwindaleko yomntu kunye nolondolozo lwayo kukuba U-tzi indoda yomkhenkce. Imalunga nendoda egcinwe kumama kwaye wasweleka ngo-3255 BC. C malunga neminyaka engama-46 ubudala. Umama wafunyanwa enombulelo kukhenketho lweentaba ezimbini zaseJamani kwi-Ötzal yangaphambili. Ithathwa njengeyona ndalo indala yomntu kuyo yonke iYurophu kwaye iye yaduma kuba inika inkangeleko ethe kratya kubantu ababekho kwiCopper Age.
Kweli nqaku siza kukuxelela zonke iimpawu, ukufunyanwa kunye nomdla ka-zitzi indoda ekhenkcezayo.
Izinto ezintsha malunga no-zitzi i-Iceman
Izazinzulu ziye zakwazi ukufumanisa unobangela wokuqholwa kwezidumbu. Yimeko apho kubanda kakhulu oku kwenzeka kwezi ngaphambili ukwazile ukuqhubela phambili ukubola kwesidumbu kwaye wasiginya. Xa abakhweli beentaba bafumana esi sidumbu bakholelwa ukuba sisidumbu sanamhlanje. Kuqheleke ngakumbi ukufumana ezinye izidumbu zabanye abakhweli beentaba abathi babanjiswa ezintabeni yingqele ebandayo. Nangona kunjalo, yafunyanwa ngabasemagunyeni baseOstriya kwaye isifundo sokwenyani kwayo yayinokwenziwa.
Umzimba ka-zitzi u-Iceman wavavanywa kakhulu, wahluzwa ngemitha, walinganiswa kunye nomhla. Ibangela uhlalutyo lwezicubu ezigqwesileyo ezinokugcinwa ngokuhamba kwexesha. Imixholo yamalungu nayo ingahlalutywa kwaye yavavanywa phantsi kwemicroscope. Isidumbu somungu esifunyenwe empahleni yakhe ukususela ngelo xesha sasinokufunyanwa. Enkosi kuphando lwenzululwazi ngolandelelwano lwe-genome kwatyhilwa ukuba oku Le ndoda yayinamehlo ansundu, iqela le-O +, ukunganyamezelani kwe-lactose, kunye neengxaki zentliziyo.
Uqikelelo olunikiweyo malunga ne-morphology yomzimba ka-zitzi iceman kukuba ukuphakama kwakhe kwakumalunga neesentimitha ezili-159 ubude, enobunzima obungama-50 eekhilogram, wayeneminyaka engama-46 ubudala. Ndiyabulela kulo lonke uphando kunye netekhnoloji yale mihla, kwafumaniseka ukuba le ndoda ihlupheke sisifo samathambo, imingxunya, izidleleli zamathumbu kunye nesifo seLyme. Njengoko ubona, ngenxa yenkqubela phambili kwezenzululwazi, ulwazi oluninzi lunokufumaneka kwisidumbu, nangona siza kuba semdala njengale.
Ulwazi olunokubakho kumungu owawusezingubeni zakhe yayilophondo olumnyama olumnyama. Ikofu emnyama ngumthi oqhakaza kwiiAlps ukusuka ngoMatshi ukuya kuJuni kwaye kubonisa oko UÖtzi uMkhenkce wasweleka ebudeni bentlakohlaza nasekuqaleni kwehlobo.
Uhlalutyo lwezenzululwazi
Izazinzulu zilungiselele uhlalutyo olunzulu olunzulu ukuze zifumane ulwazi oluninzi malunga no-zitzi i-Iceman. Uhlalutyo lweenkozo zomungu, uthuli kunye nokwenziwa kwesotopic kwamazinyo kubonise ukuba uchithe bonke ubuntwana bakhe kufutshane nedolophu yangoku yeVelturno.
Kuhlalutyo lwamathumbu kwakunokwenzeka ukubonisa ukuba bekukho izidlo ezimbini zamva nje. Esinye sezi zidlo sasisondele kwi-8 ngaphambi kokuba asweleke. Esinye sezidlo besenziwe yinyama ye-chamois, inyama ebomvu yenyamakazi, kunye nokunye okutyiwa ngesiriyeli. Oku kutya mhlawumbi i-bran eqingqiweyo evela kwi-einkorn elinywayo Kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo yayityiwa ikwimo yesonka. Emathunjini kunokwenzeka ukuba ufumane imbewu ethile emnyama eneeplamu ezincinci zomthi we-blackthorn kunye neengcambu ezithile.
Ngomungu owafunyanwa kwisidlo sokuqala, kwakunokwenzeka ukubonisa ukuba wawutyiwa ehlathini eliphakamileyo eliphakathi kwehlathi. Eminye ipollens ibonise ubukho bengqolowa kunye neembotyi ezinokuvunwa kumasimi asekhaya. Ukuhlalutya ngakumbi ubuninzi bomungu obufunyenweyo, kunokwenzeka ukuba kufumaneke iinkozo zomungu we-hornbeam. Inokufunyanwa ikwimeko egqibeleleyo kwaye babeneeseli ezifanelekileyo ngaphakathi. Oku kwakubonisa ukuba yayingumungu omtsha yaye wawusandul 'ukumiliselwa ngexesha lokusweleka kuka-thantzi kunoMkhenkce.
Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba isivuno ngasekupheleni kwehlobo kunye neesloves ekwindla kufuneka ukuba zigcinwe kunyaka ophelileyo. Uninzi lwezicubu zomama zonakaliswe ngamaqondo obushushu kunye notshintsho olubangelwa kukuhamba komzimba. Ezi ngxaki zenze ukuba olunye uhlalutyo lube nzima kwaye lwenze ukuba kube nzima ukuqonda ezi zicubu. Ulwazi oluninzi lunokukhutshwa kwiimodyuli ukuba imeko yabo yolondolozo intle kakhulu. Olona tshintsho lincinci kwiqondo lobushushu okanye kwimeko yokusingqongileyo linokuthotywa izicwili ziye kumazinga aphezulu kangangokuba zingabonakali.
U-tzi indoda yomkhenkce kunye nezenzo zakhe zamva nje
Ngenxa yokufunyanwa kwezinto ezazisesidumbini, kwaba lula ukwazi izenzo zokugqibela zika-zitzi iceman ngaphambi kokuba afe. Ukusuka kwinto ebonwayo, le ndoda yazama ukuphilisa into enje ngokunqunyulwa kwesandla sayo isebenzisa ubulembu. Oku kungangqinwa ngokufunyanwa komzimba. Lo mntu inokuba ebesazi malunga neepropathi zokujiya kwe-bog moss ethile kwaye wayifaka enxebeni. Ngokunokwenzeka, emva kokutya ukutya ebesikuthethile ngaphambili, inxenye yala moss yafikelela kwinkqubo yokwetyisa. Konke oku kunokuba zizinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe kuba kwakubaluleke kakhulu ukuba le ndoda ibe nolwazi olunzulu malunga neepropathi zezityalo ezimngqongileyo.
Baye bafunyanwa Iitattoo ezingama-68 kwisandla sasekhohlo, ezi-2 kumqolo ongezantsi, ezintlanu kumlenze wasekunene kwaye ezimbini kumlenze wasekhohlo. Bangamaqela amancinci emigca efanayo engayenzi ipateni ebonakalayo. Ukuze sazi ukuba u-zitzi indoda enomkhenkce ibikhathazwa sisifo samathambo kwezi ndawo, kuye kwafuneka kusetyenziswe ii-X-ray.Kuye kwakho intelekelelo eninzi yokuba iiTattoo zazinomsebenzi wokunyanga lowo ngomlingo. Olu luhlobo lokucoca umzimba namhlanje.
Ndiyathemba ukuba ngale nkcazelo ungafunda okungakumbi ngo-Ötzi indoda enomkhenkce.