Umntu uyaqhubeka nohambo lwakhe lokuqhubeka ephanda ngendalo iphela. Kule meko, i-rocket yokuqala yaseSpain eya kusungulwa yi umva 1. Iza kuqaliswa ukusuka eCádiz kwaye eyona njongo iphambili kukusebenza njengesathelayithi yonxibelelwano kunye nophando lwesayensi.
Kweli nqaku siza kukuxelela yonke into ofuna ukuyazi malunga neMiura 1, iimpawu zayo, ukwakhiwa kunye nokunye okuninzi.
Yintoni iMiura 1
Yeyona rocket kuphela eyakhelwe eSpain yothutho isithuba, kwaye iza kwenza iSpain ibe lelinye lamazwe ambalwa akwaziyo ukukhupha iisathelayithi ezincinci emajukujukwini, ibalulekile kumacandelo angundoqo afana nothungelwano ngomnxeba, ezokhuselo okanye uphando lwezenzululwazi.
Le yiprojekthi engazange ibonwe kwinqanaba laseYurophu eliphuhliswe yiPLD Space, inkampani yaseSpain enemvelaphi e-Elche. Umongameli olawulayo, u-Ezequiel Sánchez, ugxininise kwintetho apho wathi inkampani yazalwa "kwiphupha labasunguli bayo ababini, uRaúl Torres kunye noRaúl Verdú, umbono wokukwazi ukufaka igalelo labaqalisi abancinci kumdyarho wecandelo labucala. ."
Ukwenza oku, inkampani ixhase ngemali iprojekthi ye-11 iminyaka ebavumele ukuba babeke isixhobo sokuqala sokubhabha kwiphedi yokuqalisa namhlanje: «Indlela yokufika apha ibinzima kakhulu, kwaye sisaqhubeka nokujongana nobunzima obuninzi. ", uthi.
Ugxininise ukuba kunye ne-Miura 1 kunye neqonga layo lokuqalisa, iSpain "ibonisa ubunkokeli bayo bezobuchwepheshe eYurophu, ibonelela ngesakhono esivumela ukuba sikhokele icandelo lobuchule beesathelayithi ezincinci. Oku kufuneka kube ngumba ophambili wesizwe.”
I-Miura 1, i-rocket yaseSpain
Isiganeko sokuqaliswa sisigaba sokugqibela seprogram ye-Miura kwaye ibandakanya iimvavanyo ze-flight element kunye neemvavanyo zezixhobo eziphantsi komhlaba eziququzelelwe kunye ne-INTA njengebhunga lolawulo.
Konke oku kuya kwenzeka kwi-hangar yenkampani e-El Arenosillo, apho ukugcinwa kunye nokulungiswa kwe-rocket kuya kwenziwa. Umthwalo wepropellant kunye novavanyo loxinzelelo luya kwenziwa kwakhona.
Emva kokujonga onke la manyathelo, i-Miura 1 iya kufudukela kwindawo yokuphuma. Apho olona vavanyo lubalulekileyo luya kwenziwa: okokuqala "uvavanyo olumanzi". Olu luvavanyo lomthwalo ogcweleyo olubandakanya onke amanyathelo okuqaliswa phambi kokudubula kwe-injini, elandelwa luvavanyo lokugqibela okanye 'uvavanyo olushushu'. Luvavanyo lomlilo olumileyo apho i-injini ye-rocket iya kutshisa imizuzwana emihlanu. Impumelelo yolu kulinganisa iya kunika ithuba lokuqhutywa kwe-suborbital microlauncher.
Iza kukhutshwa nini?
Amathuba amane okubhabha asasazwa phakathi kuka-Epreli noMeyi. Ukuze uqalise ngempumelelo i-rocket emajukujukwini, kwakuyimfuneko, kwelinye icala, ukuba i-Miura 1 ngokwayo iphumelele zonke iimvavanyo kwaye yayilungile ngokobuchwephesha, kwaye kwelinye icala, yayifuna iimeko zemozulu ezilungileyo: imimoya engaphezulu kwe-20 km/h, iilwandle ezizolileyo kwaye akukho ziqhwithi ezinokubakho kufutshane.
Inkampani iye yalumkisa ukuba inkqubo yokuqaliswa ihlala malunga neeyure ze-10, ngelo xesha iqela lobugcisa kufuneka liqinisekise ukuba yonke into ilungile. Ukuba imingcipheko emincinci ifunyenwe, imisebenzi yosuku iya kurhoxiswa kwaye ifestile yenqwelomoya elandelayo iya kuqala ukusuka ekuqaleni.
Umsebenzi wokuphehlelelwa uya kubandakanya ukunyuka okumalunga neekhilomitha ezili-150. Ngobude beemitha ezili-12 kunye nomthwalo ohlawulwayo weekhilogram ezili-100, i-Miura i-microlauncher ephinda isetyenziswe kwisitayela se-Falcon rocket yenkampani ye-spaceflight ye-SpaceX ye-giant Elon Musk.
Amazwe alithoba kuphela emhlabeni anobuchule bokwenyani bezorhwebo kunye noburhulumente esikhaleni, kwaye iSpain ingaba lilizwe leshumi ukujoyina amandla kunye ne-PLDSpace.
eyona njongo
I-rocket ye-Miura 1 yenza inqwelomoya yayo yokuqala ukusuka kwindawo yayo yokuqaliswa kwindawo yokudubula yaseMédano del Loro. I-PLD yagqiba iimvavanyo zokuqala kwiindawo ze-INTA eCedea del Arenosillo, kunye nezithunywa ezivela kwiZiko laseJamani le-Applied Technology kunye ne-Microgravity (i-ZARM) yeYunivesithi yaseBremen yahlola isithuthi ukuze kuqinisekiswe yonke into. Njengoko inkampani ngokwayo ibhengeze, ifikile e-El Arenosillo ukuqalisa ukusebenza kunye kuhambo lokuqala apho uya kuba nendima ebalulekileyo.
I-Miura 1 iya kuqhuba i-flight yokuqala ye-suite ye-ZARM sensors ngenjongo yokuqinisekisa ezinye zezobuchwepheshe eziye zadalwa yi-arhente yesayensi kwimboni yendawo kwiimeko ze-microgravity. Njengoko kuchazwe ngu-vice-president we-PLD, uPablo Gallego, umsebenzi odibeneyo uquka "ukudibanisa umthwalo womthengi kunye neminye imithwalo yangaphambili." U-Thorben Konemann, injineli eyintloko ye-ZARM, wachaza ukuba uvavanyo lokuqala luya kwazisa amalungiselelo "eemvavanyo zeenqwelo-moya ze-suborbital ezilandelayo." Ngala manyathelo, "siya kulungiselela iindiza ezintsha kwixesha elizayo."
I-PLD Space ine "ifestile yendiza" eyahlukileyo enikwe nguMphathiswa wezoKhuselo waseSpain. Ukongeza ekukhuseleni kwendawo, ukuqaliswa "kuxhomekeke ekufumanekeni kwe-rocket ngokwayo kunye neemeko zemozulu", ekubeni imimoya ephantsi komhlaba engaphantsi kweekhilomitha ezingama-20 ngeyure yayifuneka, "imimoya ezolileyo phezulu kwaye ngaphandle kwezaqhwithi ezikufutshane." inkampani yatsho.
irokethi yesibini
Okwangoku, iqela le-PLD le-Space Engineering lisebenzela ukuyila kokugqibela kwesithuthi sayo se-orbital, i-Miura 5. Ingcamango kukusebenzisa oko ikufundileyo kwi-Miura 1, enokuqalisa ukusuka e-Kourou, e-French Guiana, ngo-2024. I-rocket yesibini. inobude beemitha ezingama-34,4 kwaye inokuphakamisa malunga neekhilogram ezingama-540 ukuya ezantsi kumjikelezo woMhlaba. I-PLD Space ifumene ngaphezulu kwe-60 yezigidi zee-euro zotyalo-mali ukuqhubela phambili iiprojekthi zayo kwicandelo lendawo, kwaye balindele ukufikelela kwingeniso efikelela kwi-150 yezigidi ze-euro ngonyaka.
Izicwangciso zayo zokusungula ngamabhongo ziza njengoko amazwe aseYurophu evuma ukonyuka kwe-17 ekhulwini kwinkcitho yendawo, njengoko benzile ngoSeptemba ophelileyo. ukubambana namanye amagunya amakhulu afana ne-United States ne-China.
Njengoko ubona, iSpain nayo ijoyina uphando lwendawo ngetekhnoloji yenguqu. Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi unokufunda ngakumbi malunga neMiura 1 kunye neempawu zayo.