Kwisikhokelo samanzi sikhokelo, siza kwinkcazo yesitya sehydrographic njengomphezulu womhlaba umphezulu wawo obaleka uqukuqela kuthotho lwemilambo. Le misinga inokuba yimilambo kwaye ekugqibeleni amachibi kwicala lolwandle ngomlomo omnye, ichweba okanye ulwandle. Isitya sehydrographic njengeyunithi yolawulo lwezixhobo sithathwa ngokuba singahlukani. Ke ngoko, zonke izitya zamanzi zaseSpain baneempawu ezahlukileyo.
Kweli nqaku siza kukuxelela zonke iimpawu kunye nokubaluleka kwezitya zamanzi zaseSpain.
Izitya zamanzi zaseSpain
Isitya ngasinye sahlulwe saziindawo ezingaphantsi. Sichaza ezi zitya zingaphantsi njengomhlaba womhlaba obaleka umphezulu wawo wonke ngothotho lwemilambo, imilambo, kwaye ekugqibeleni amachibi. Oku kugeleza kwamanzi kujolise kwindawo yomjelo wamanzi, edla ngokuba lidike okanye indibano yemilambo. Ukusuka kule ndawo idibana kuyo imilambo umlambo ophakamileyo uzalwa kukuhamba okuya ngaselwandle ukuya emlonyeni. Siza kubona ukuba zeziphi izitya eziphambili ze-hydrographic zaseSpain kunye neempawu zazo.
Isitya esine-hydrographic basin
Sisitya sehydrographic esihamba ngasemantla mpuma usingasiqithi size singene ePorto. Inommandla omalunga ne-97 km², ye I-81% yayo ihambelana nomhlaba waseSpain kunye ne-19% ukuya kumhlaba wasePortugal. Esi sisitya esikhulu esineyona ndawo inkulu i-Iberian Peninsula.
Umlambo wase-Ebro
Yeyona ihamba ngasemntla mpuma weIberia. Iqala eSierra de Híjar kwaye ifike emlonyeni wayo kwi-Ebro delta.Le ndawo imalunga neekhilomitha ezingama-85.000, ibe yeyesibini ngobukhulu kulo lonke elaseIberia. Uninzi lwemvula eyondla umlambo i-Ebro ivela kwiiPyrenees ezikumantla.
Umlambo waseTagus
Yile ibaleka ingena ngasentshona kweIberia kwaye umlomo wayo useLisbon. Ulwandiso lwayo yi-78 km², 467 esasazwa kwi-1% (66 km²) kumhlaba waseSpain kunye ne-34% kumazwe amaPhuthukezi. Yeyesithathu ngeyona ndawo inkulu kulo lonke elaseIberia.
Isitya seGuadiana hydrographic
Yeyona ibaleka iziko kunye nomzantsi-ntshona weIberia Peninsula. Umlomo wayo ubekwe phakathi kweVila Real de Santo António kunye neAyamonte, yenza umda phakathi kwePortugal neSpain. Inani lemithombo ephambili yale bheseni ye-hydrographic yi-137. Oku kuthetha ukuba kukho i-137 yemilambo eyondla yonke indalo ngamanzi amaninzi. Phakathi kwemilambo eyakha indawo enamanzi i-Guadiana yile ilandelayo: iGuadlamez, iBullaque, i-Estena, iZújar, iZapatón, iGevorra, umlambo iMurtigas kunye nomjelo iArdila, ukubiza nje kuphela iminikelo engaphezu kwama-90 Hm³. yobume bendalo.
Isitya seHydrographic soMlambo iGuadalquivir
Yeyona ibaluleke kakhulu emazantsi usingasiqithi. Ime ngokupheleleyo eSpain. Ulwandiso lwayo yi-57.527 km kwaye inabela kumaphondo ali-12 angabantu abane abazimeleyo, apho i-Andalusia imele ngaphezulu kwe-90% yomphezulu wesitya. Indawo yokuma komda womda weGuadalquivir iqulunqiwe kwaye yahlulwa ngokwamacandelo ahlukeneyo. Kwelinye icala, sinemiphetho ye-Sierra Morena emantla. Kwinxalenye esemazantsi sinentaba zeBetic kwaye kwinxalenye ekufutshane nolwandle iAtlantic Ocean.
Imozulu yalo lonke eli candelo yiMeditera. Phakathi kweempawu esinazo Le mozulu siyayibona ipholile kwaye ifudumele ngamaqondo obushushu angama-16.8 degrees ngokomndilili wonyaka. Kukho isitenxo kwimvula, ngomndilili weelitha ezingama-550 kwimitha nganye nganye. Indawo ekummandla ovulekileyo oya kwiAtlantic apho kungena khona isaqhwithi solwandle secandelo lasentshona. Ezi nkqwithela zingunobangela wokusasazwa kweemvula ezinenkqubela phambili yazo kumazantsi mpuma kwicala elisemantla mpuma. Nje ukuba bangene kwi-Peninsula yase-Iberia, bafikelela kumaxabiso aphezulu kwiincopho eziphakamileyo zomda kwaye badibanise isitya sehydrographic soMlambo iGuadalquivir. Kuzo zonke izandyondyo zemvula, bafumana imeko yesiphango, okuthetha ukuba ixesha elide lembalela litshintsha ngamaqondo obushushu aphezulu abangela ukhukuliseko.
Xa iimvula zisenzeka ngendlela enamandla, zibakho manqaphanqapha kodwa ngamandla. Oko kukuthi, xa cEmvula ithanda ukwenza njalo ngamandla kushiya isixa esikhulu samanzi abalekayo agcina ngokonakalisa indalo kunye nezityalo.
Izitya zeHydrographic zaseSpain: Júcar
Eli candelo libandakanya zonke izitya zokugalela kuLwandle lweMeditera. Siqala kumda wecala lasekhohlo leGola del Segura nasemlonyeni wayo nomlambo iCenia. Ulwandiso lulonke ngama-42.988,6 km² kwaye ludlulela kumaphondo eAlbacete, Alicante, Castellón, Cuenca, Valencia naseTeruel, kunye nendawo encinci kwiphondo laseTarragona.
Izitya zeHydrographic zaseSpain: Segura river
Umlambo waseSegura ngumlambo ohamba ngasemzantsi-mpuma we-Iberian Peninsula kwaye unomlomo kuLwandle lweMeditera. Umphezulu wayo umalunga ne-18.870 km², ezichaphazela iindawo ezine ezizimeleyo, inguMmandla waseMurcia (phantse wonke), uluntu lwaseAndalusia (amaphondo aseJaén, eGranada naseAlmería), eCastilla-La Mancha (kwiphondo laseAlbacete) kunye noLuntu lwaseValencian (iphondo Alicante), ilawulwa yiSegura Hydrographic Confederation, CHS.
Ukubaluleka kwezitya zamanzi zaseSpain
Njengoko sisazi, ubutyebi bamanzi belizwe busekwe kwisixa semithamo yomhlaba kunye namanzi angaphantsi komhlaba. Amanzi amanzi anoxanduva lokugcina amanzi angaphezulu komhlaba kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Ukwenza oku, kwakhiwa amadama aneenjongo eziphambili kukuqokelela amanzi emilambo ukuze awagcine. Usetyenziso olunikwa la manzi luqala kusetyenziso lwasekhaya, ezolimo, imboni, njl.
Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi ungafunda ngakumbi malunga nezitya zamanzi zaseSpain kunye neempawu zazo eziphambili.