Ukususela kumaxesha amandulo, umntu ebenomdla ngendalo. Ebesoloko ezama ukulinganisa nokwazi ubude kunye nobukhulu bezinto ukuze ufunde ngakumbi ngeplanethi yethu. Enye yezinto ezihlala zingaziwa ebantwini yiradiyo yoMhlaba. Kuba asinakho ukugqobhoza kuqweqwe lomhlaba kwaye sihambe siye embindini, kufuneka sifunde ukuqikelela kunye nokubala umgama weplanethi. Enkosi kwizazinzulu ezithile ezenze imodeli ukuze zikwazi ukulinganisa obu bude, kuye kwakho kunokwenzeka ukuba uqikelele ngokuchaneka ngakumbi nangakumbi.
Kule nqaku siza kukuxelela ukuba yintoni i-radius yoMhlaba kunye nendlela elinganiswe ngayo.
Iingxaki zokulinganisa irediyasi yoMhlaba
Njengoko sisazi, ngaphandle kwento yokuba iteknoloji iqhubele phambili kakhulu, iiplanethi zethu zisenezinto ezininzi ezingaziwayo. Zininzi iindawo zomhlaba ezingafikelelekiyo ebantwini. Umzekelo woku kulwandle. Akusekho buchwepheshe obukwaziyo ukoyisa uxinzelelo lwamanzi kunye nokukhanya okuncinci kwelanga okufumaneka kwimisele yaselwandle. Kukwanjalo nakwiziko loMhlaba. Iinoveli ezininzi zichaziwe ngohambo oluya kumbindi woMhlaba kodwa yinto ekungenakufikeleleka kuyo kuthi. Eyona ndiyaziyo ukwazile ukugrumba nzulu sele malunga neekhilomitha ezili-12. Oku kukuphakamisa nje ulusu olucekeceke lweapile.
Ngenxa yokuba kungenakwenzeka ukumba kude kube kufikelela kubume boMhlaba, iindlela ezahlukeneyo kuye kwafuneka ukuba zifunyanwe ziqikelela i-radius yoMhlaba. Enye yeengxaki ezingundoqo zokuba kutheni kungenakwenzeka ukumba phantsi kumbindi womhlaba luluhlu oluphezulu lwamatye angqingqwa naxhathisayo. Ubuchwephesha obuphezulu abunakugrumba zonke ezi mayile zelitye elinzulu. Enye into ebuyayo bubushushu obukumbindi womhlaba. Kwaye eyona nto ingaphakathi ingaphakathi ubushushu obumalunga nama-5000 degrees celcius. Ujongene nobushushu obunje, akukho mntu okanye nawuphi na umatshini onokumelana nezi meko. Okokugqibela, kwezi nzulu akukho oksijini inokuphefumla.
Ngaphandle kwento yokuba zikhona zonke ezi ngxaki ukuba zikwazi ukulinganisa i-radius yoMhlaba ngqo, umntu uyekile. Iimodeli ezahlukeneyo ziye zafunyanwa ukuze zikwazi ukuqikelela ixabiso lazo. Umzekelo, amaza enyikima angasetyenziselwa ukufundisisa ukwakhiwa kwamanqanaba angaphakathi eMhlaba. Ezi ndlela zinokubazi ubunzulu benyikima eyenzeka ngokungathanga ngqo. Singazazi iinkalo ezahlukeneyo zeplanethi ngaphandle kokubona yonke into ngamehlo ethu.
Iplate tectonics theory kunye ne-Eratosthenes
Ithiyori yeplate tectonics incede kakhulu ekuqondeni ukuba iplanethi isebenza njani. Kuyatshiwo ukuba i-continental crust yahlulwe yangamacwecwe eetectonic ahamba ngokuqhubekayo. Unobangela wokufuduka ubangelwa Ukuhanjiswa kwemisinga yengubo yomhlaba. Le ntshukumo yeeplate yaziwa ngu igama lokuhamba kwelizwekazi.
Imijelo yokuhanjiswa kwengubo yomhlaba inikwa ngumahluko kubuninzi obukhoyo phakathi kwezinto zangaphakathi. Konke oku sinokukwazi ukubulela kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo zendlela yokulinganisa engangqalanga. Besisoloko sikhangela iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokufumana imilinganiselo yayo yonke into. Isazinzulu sokuqala ukuba sikwazi ukulinganisa i-radius yoMhlaba yayingu-Eratosthenes. Eli nyathelo lihlala linabantu abathandabuzayo ukusukela kumaxesha amandulo.
Ngelo xesha kwakungekho buchwephesha buninzi bokubakho ukulinganisa i-radius yoMhlaba. Ke ngoko, le ndlela yokuqala yayiquka izinto ezithile ezinoburharha. Gcina ukhumbula ukuba, ngeli xesha, ezi ndlela zobugqwetha zazithathwa njengetekhnoloji yotshintsho. Enye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo ezisetyenziselwa ukulinganisa irediyasi yoMhlaba kukubaluleka kwe Ihlobo laseSolstice.
U-Eratosthenes wathabatha ipapyrus kwithala leencwadi kwaye wathi akuqaphela ukuba iposti yayo ayibonisi naluphi na uhlobo lwesithunzi, kungenxa yokuba imitha yelanga yayibetha umphezulu womhlaba ngendlela ethe tyaba. Esi sizathu sokuba i-Eratosthenes wayenomdla wokwazi ukuba yintoni iradiyo yoMhlaba. Indlela yokulinganisa i-radius yoMhlaba kamva xa wayehambela e-Alexandria. Apha bendizakuphinda uvavanyo kwaye ndibone ukuba isithunzi selanga sasingama-7 degrees. Emva kwalo mlinganiso, waqonda ukuba umahluko phakathi kwesinye isithunzi esasihlala eSiena sisizathu sokwazi ukuba uMhlaba ungqukuva kwaye awukho tyaba, njengoko yayikholelwa ngeloxesha.
Ifomula ye-Eratosthenes yokulinganisa irediyasi yoMhlaba
Nje ukuba agqibe kuvavanyo oluninzi, wafumana amava aliqela ale milinganiselo. Ukusuka apho, waqala waqulunqa iithiyori ezimbalwa ezanceda ukulinganisa irediyasi yoMhlaba. Uninzi lwenkqubo lwalusekwe kuqikelelo kunye nokuncitshiswa. Ukuncitshiswa kwakhe okuphambili kwakusekwe kwinto yokuba, ukuba uMhlaba ubungumjikelezo we-360 degree, amashumi amahlanu ananye kuloo mjikelo uyakuba ziidigri ezisixhenxe. Eli candelo lokujikeleza lilonke lalilinganiswa ngesithunzi eAlexandria.
Esazi ukuba umgama phakathi kwezixeko zibini zaseSiena neAlexandria wawuziikhilomitha ezingama-800, wakwazi ukuwuchaza loo nto irediyasi yoMhlaba ibiyi-6.371 km. Kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba, ngelixa u-Eratosthenes wayebala, kwakunzima kakhulu ukufumana imilinganiselo ngokuchanekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, wanika amanani kufutshane noko kwaziwayo namhlanje.
Namhlanje zikho ezinye iindlela zokulinganisa ingaphakathi lomhlaba ngenxa yamaza enyikima. Kuxhomekeka kwizinto ezenziwe ngaphakathi kunye nomgama ukusuka embindini wenyikima, ubunzulu bunokwaziwa.
Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi ungafunda banzi malunga nokuba yintoni irediyasi yoMhlaba kunye nendlela eyalinganiswa ngayo okokuqala.