Kwindawo ethile apho iintsomi nembali zidibana khona, sifumana ilizwe lamabali. Kwabanye abantu, ezi ndawo zingamabali okwenyaniso amandulo. Kwabanye, bayintsomi nje. Mhlawumbi awona mabali anezafobe ngononophelo ekunokuthatyathwa kuwo izifundo eziluncedo kubantu bexesha labo. Iindawo zamandulo azikho kwiintsomi ezidumileyo, kodwa mhlawumbi ezo zimbekiselo kumazwekazi zibalasele ngakumbi ngenxa yokuba zifanele ukuba zazinkulu kakhulu. Elona tyala lidumileyo kuthi yiAtlantis kuba yayiyinxalenye yentsomi yamaGrike namaRoma kwaye yayiyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yenkcubeko yethu. besisoloko sizibuza iphi i-atlantis.
Ke ngoko, siza kunikela eli nqaku ukuze sikuxelele ukuba iphi iAtlantis, imvelaphi yayo, iimpawu nayo yonke into malunga nentsomi.
Ibali eliyintsomi laseAtlantis
Ngokweengxoxo zikaPlato, iAtlantis yayililizwe elikwintshona yePillars of Hercules (iStrait of Gibraltar). Yayinamandla amakhulu kwezoqoqosho, ezentlalo kunye nomkhosi kwaye yayilawula iNtshona Yurophu kunye noMntla Afrika ngaphambi kokuba isixeko saseAthene sikwazi ukumisa.
Ngelo xesha, intlekele engathethekiyo yatshonisa isiqithi kunye nayo yonke imikhosi ekhoyo. I-Atlantis inyamalele ngokupheleleyo kwimephu nakwimbali. Ukususela kumaXesha Aphakathi, iintsomi ziye zajongwa njengeentsomi, kodwa ukususela ngenkulungwane ye-XNUMX, ngenxa yezothando, iingcamango zeendawo zokwenyani zaqala ukuvela.
Ukuba sinyanisekile kwimbali (isiqithi esingaphaya kweeNtsika zeHercules), amehlo ethu agxininise kuLwandle lweAtlantiki. Ithiyori yokuqala ibeka i-Atlantis apho, kunye neentaba zayo eziphakamileyo zifunyenwe, kwaye zihambelana neziqithi ezenza oko kubizwa ngokuba yiMacaronesia. Ngamanye amazwi: Azores, Madeira, Desertas Islands, Canary Islands kunye neCape Verde.
Ingcamango yokuba eli lizwekazi likhulu ngolo hlobo beliya kuthi shwaka ngequbuliso ayikholeleki ngokupheleleyo. Le nkcazo-bungcali yolona gxininiso luninzi lweengcinga ezingaqondakaliyo kunye nezinye ezinxulumene nobomi bangaphandle komhlaba.
iphi i-atlantis
I-hypothesis yesibini iyancipha kancinci kwaye ithatha ukuba i-Atlantis yayiyintsomi esekelwe kuhlobo oluthile lwempucuko eyabangela umdla kumaGrike. La mabali anokubaxwa ade abe yiphupha.
Ezona zaziwa kakhulu, ngaloo ndlela, bangamahlakani enkcubeko ase-Atlante naseTatsos, le yokugqibela ibekwe ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi kwinxalenye yokugqibela yekhosi yeGuadalquivir. Ekubeni ikomkhulu yayisisiqithi esinomjelo, kuye kwacetyiswa ukuba yayilichwebakazi amaGrike awayelibiza ngokuba yiGadra, okanye iCádiz (eyayahluke ngokupheleleyo kwesi sixeko sikhoyo ngoku).
UPlato uthetha ngelizwekazi elitshoneyo ngelo xesha uHerodotus athetha ngalo ngo-Argantonius, ukumkani wasentsomini waseTartessos, mhlawumbi eli libali elaziwayo eliye laba nemiphumo ethile. Ngapha koko, ukuphela kwenkcubeko yaseTartis kubonakala kuyimfihlakalo. Nangona kunjalo, Kunzima ukwazi ukuba uthelekiso phakathi kweTartessos neAtlantis yinyaniso.
ugqabhuko-dubulo lwentaba-mlilo yamandulo
Ithiyori yesithathu iphathelene nesiganeko esithile sembali esiye sayinto yentsomi kwizizukulwana ngezizukulwana. Impucuko yamaMinoan yayilolona tshaba luphambili lwelizwe laseGrisi. Udumo lwakhe lwanwenwela kulo lonke elasempuma yeMeditera, yaye iinqanawa zakhe zazisilwa iimfazwe kumazwe awahlukahlukeneyo. Inenkcubeko etyebileyo kwaye kudala iliziko elibalulekileyo lezoqoqosho kwaye abemi bayo banandipha umgangatho ophezulu wokuphila welo xesha.
Kwabanye ababhali-mbali, esinye sezizathu zokuhla kwempucuko yaseMinoan yayikugqabhuka kwentaba-mlilo kwisiqithi saseSantorini (eyayisaziwa njengeThera) malunga ne-1500 BC.
Imilo yangoku yeparadesi yesiqithi saseGrisi ibubungqina bentlekele yemvelo eyenzeka kumawaka eminyaka eyadlulayo. Olu gqabhuko-dubulo lwaba lolona gqabhuko-dubulo lunamandla kwezakha zarekhodwa eYurophu. Kwiindawo ezikude njengaseYiputa, umsi oshinyeneyo wawulisitha ilanga kangangeentsuku. KwaseTshayina, umphumo wayo unokubonwa esibhakabhakeni. A) Ewe, intlekele kunye nokunyamalala kwenkcubeko yamaMinoan kuya kuhambelana nentsomi kaPlato.
Ngaba iAtlantis iyinyani?
Uluntu lwenzululwazi phantse ngazwinye lukukhabile ubukho beAtlantis. Izibakala ezithile okanye iimeko ezikhuthazayo kwimpucuko yembali zahlukile. Nangona oku kunokuba yinyaniso, ubonisa njani ukuba uPlato wayethetha ngeSantorini okanye iAndalusia?
Kubonakala ngathi i-Atlantis iya kuhlala iyimfihlakalo ixesha elide. Nangona kunjalo, i-hypothesis yobukho bayo akufanele ikhutshwe ngokupheleleyo. Ukuza kuthi ga kwinkulungwane ye-XNUMX, UTroy wayeyintsomi kuthi njengeAtlantis de yafunyanwa.
Ingxoxo ngobukho bale mpucuko ityebileyo isekude ukuba iphele. UPlato wamchaza yaye kangangeenkulungwane ababhali-mbali babekholelwa ukuba wayebhala iintsomi. Izithandi zobulumko ezininzi, kuquka uAristotle, nazo zazikholelwa ukuba iAtlantis yayiyintsomi. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye iintanda-bulumko, izazi-mlando, kunye neengcali zejografi zithatha eli bali njengento elula.
Kwaba ngo-1882 apho iNkongolo yase-US u-Ignatius Donnelly wapapasha incwadi ebizwa "Atlantis: Ihlabathi lamandulo" apho isixeko sasiyindawo yokwenyani kwaye ubukho kunye nendawo yesiza bekuthe cwaka. Wade wathi zonke iimpucuko zakudala ezaziwayo zivela kwinkcubeko ye-Neolithic ephezulu yale ndawo.
Kwiminyaka kamva, kwanamaNazi ayekholelwa kumabali esixeko esicingelwayo esilahlekileyo sase-Atlantis, apho abantu “begazi elimsulwa” ekubonakala ukuba babehlala khona kwaye kwathiwa batshona emva kokubethwa ngumbane wobuthixo. Ngombono wamaNazi, ama-Aryan awasindayo afudukela kwiindawo ezikhuselekileyo. Ummandla we-Himalaya uthathwa njengenye indawo ekhuselekileyo, ngakumbi iTibet, njengoko yaziwa ngokuba "luphahla lwehlabathi."
Sisonke abaphengululi kunye nababhali-mbali bathatha i-Atlantis njengenye yeengxelo zikaPluto. Ingxoxo yakhe ixhaswa sisibakala sokuba wayesebenzisa iintsomi. Ngebali lika-Atlantis, aba baphengululi bakholelwa ukuba wayelumkisa amaGrike ngamabhongo ezobupolitika neengozi zokuphakamisa izidwangube ukuze kuzuze yena.
Njengoko ubona, inzululwazi namhlanje ayikuvumeli ubukho bamabali anjengeAtlantis, kodwa kuya kuhlala kukho abantu abakholelwa ukuba ikho. Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi unokufunda ngakumbi malunga nendawo i-Atlantis, imvelaphi yayo kunye neempawu.