La pakisha Liliqhekeza lomkhenkce elidadayo elenza kwimimandla yolwandle esemazantsi. Ukusinda kweebhere ezimhlophe kuxhomekeke ekubunjweni kwasekuqaleni kobuso obunomkhenkce, kuba kungokuhamba kwazo kwaye, ngenxa yoko, zizingela. Kodwa siza kuthetha kamva.
Ngoku siza kugxila kwinto ekuthiwa ngumkhenkce, ukuba yenziwa njani, kwaye uthini umahluko phakathi kwaleya yenziwa eAntarctica naleyo yenziwa kwiArctic.
Yenziwa njani ipakethe yomkhenkce?
Amanzi aba ngumkhenkce kumphezulu, kuba lowo usezantsi ushushu kuba kunzima ukunyusa iqondo lobushushu xa imitha yelanga ebuthathaka ifikelela kuwo, ngaphezulu kakhulu kunokuba sele ifikile kumphezulu weepali. Ke, iqala ukuqina xa indawo yokunyibilika / yokuqina ehamba netyuwa iyancipha, eyaziwa ngokuba yinzala ye-cryoscopic.
Emva koko ziyenziwa Amakristali amancinci amancinci amanzi acocekileyo, ezihlangana kwaye ziphele zakha umhlaba okhenkciswe ngumkhenkce, ngobunzima obujikeleze imitha e-1 ukuba iyahlaziywa minyaka le, nangona inokuthi ifike kwi-20m kwezinye iindawo ukuba iyaqhubeka ngokuhamba kwexesha.
Yahluke njani iAntarctica kwiArctic?
I-Antarctic kunye ne-Arctic ice sheet, ngelixa zinokufana kakhulu kubume, zahluke kakhulu:
- Antarctica: ngenyanga esemazantsi kaDisemba, iphantse inyamalale ngokupheleleyo. Ebusika, iphinda yakhiwe kwakhona, ide igubungele ilizwekazi liphela. Ukukunika umbono wokuba utshintsha njani kumaxesha ahlukeneyo, kuya kufuneka wazi ukuba ngoSeptemba, embindini wexesha elibandayo okanye ngobusuku bePolar njengoko ibizwa njalo, ifikelela kwi-18,8 yezigidi zeekhilomitha, ngelixa ngo-Matshi, kwi ixesha elifudumeleyo o Usuku lwePolar, luyancitshiswa laya kwi-2 yezigidi zeekhilomitha. Ke yindawo yomkhenkce yexeshana.
- KwiArctic: kwelinye icala lehlabathi, umhlaba womkhenkce uhlala unje, ngumkhenkce. Iindawo ezikufutshane namazwekazi ajikelezileyo ziyanyibilika minyaka le, umzuzu abawasebenzisayo ukuhamba kuLwandlekazi iArctic. Nangona kunjalo, ikwenzeka notshintsho unyaka wonke: ngoMatshi ifikelela kwizigidi ezili-15 km2, kwaye ngoSeptemba ifikelela kwi-6,5 yezigidi zeekhilomitha.
Ngaba ungabakhangela?
Kangangeenkulungwane ezininzi kuye kwakho abantu abahlukeneyo, abanjengoMhlekazi John Franklin (1786-1847), igosa lomkhosi wamanzi kunye nomhloli wamazwe waseArctic, abafuna ukufumanisa oko kubizwa ngokuba Ukudlula kumantla ntshona (Umntla weNtshona Passage ngesiNgesi), eligama indlela eyaziwa ngayo indlela yolwandle emantla eMelika isuka emantla, inqumle iArctic Ocean kwaye idibanise iDavis Strait kunye neBering Strait, Oko kukuthi, uLwandlekazi lweAtlantic kunye nolwandlekazi lwePasifiki , kodwa ukuza kuthi ga ngoku ayikafezekiswa. Ndiyaphinda, kude kube ngoku.
Inyani yile yokuba kukho abo bacinga ukuba ngenxa yobushushu behlabathi i-ice sheet ye-ice sheet inokuncitshiswa ngokwaneleyo ukuze ikwazi ukuhamba kuyo. Ngapha koko, banyanisile, kakhulu kangangokuba Nge-21 ka-Agasti ka-2007, iPaseji yaseNyakatho-ntshona yavulelwa ukugcwala kolwandle ehlotyeni, kwaye ngaphandle kwesidingo sokusebenzisa iinqanawa zomkhenkce. Eli yayilixesha lokuqala ukusukela oko kwaqalwa ngo-1972 ukuba la nyathelo lisuswe. Kumaxesha akutshanje, ngaphandle kokuqhubeka, ngo-2016, besesikuxelele oko Inqanawa yokuhamba ngenqanawa enabantu abangaphezulu kwe-1.600 ebhodini, kubandakanya iwaka labakhweli, yayiza kusuka eAlaska ngo-Agasti 16, ize ifike eNew York ngoSeptemba 20..
Ewe abantu bahlala benesidingo kunye nokukhohlisa ukubona umhlaba, kodwa oku kunokubangela ukungqubana phakathi kwabemi bale mimandla (hayi abantu kuphela, kodwa kwanezilwanyana eziza kukhangela).
Zithini iimpembelelo umkhenkce onazo kwimozulu yehlabathi?
Umkhenkce wolwandle okhenkciweyo uneziphumo kungekuphela nje kwimimandla apho yenzeka khona, kodwa nakwimozulu yeplanethi yonke. Ineziphumo ezibini eziphambili:
- Ikhusela ulwandle, kuba lusebenza njengesikhuseli esithintela ulwandle ukuba lungabandi. Ke, ukwabiwa kobushushu emhlabeni kuyalawulwa.
- Umhlophe qhwa kubonakalisa kakhulu, enegalelo kwi-albedo yesijikelezi-langa, leyo yinxalenye yelanga ebuyiselwa emajukujukwini.
Zithini izilwanyana ezixhamlayo kumkhenkce?
Los iibhere ezimnyama zizilwanyana esizazi kakhulu. Zizona zilwanyana zanyisayo zikhulu eArctic, kwaye kufuneka zizingele ukuze ziphile. Ukwenza oku, baxhomekeke kwitywina lomkhenkce, nangona ikhephu lincipha ngokuncipha: phakathi kowe-1979 nowama-2011, lehlile nge-14% kwishumi leminyaka. Oku kuyabanyanzela ukuba badade ngakumbi, bebeka emngciphekweni ubomi babaselula kunye nababo.
Kukho ezinye izilwanyana, ezinje amatywina, i ii-crustaceans (krill), intlanzi ezenza ikhonkco lokutya elinokuthi, ngaphandle kokuba kuthathwe amanyathelo afanelekileyo okuthintela ubushushu behlabathi, iziphumo zako zinokuphazamisa ukulingana kwale ndawo icekeceke yendalo.
Inqaku elilungileyo lindincede kakhulu emsebenzini ekufuneka ndiwenzile
Ndonwabile ukukunceda, Lucia 🙂.
Ubume bendalo obugqibeleleyo buyamangalisa kwaye umntu ebephethe njani ngokuthoba isidima ngu-oco ulungelelwano lulunge kakhulu inqaku kwaye yonke le ngcaciso indincedile ukuba ndazi ngakumbi ngalo mbandela wezilwanyana kunye nendlela iplanethi eyenze ngayo ngaphezulu kwe-8 yezigidigidi zabantu ukuba bayeke le nto ngaphambi kokuba ibe zizililo nje.