Enye yeemichiza ezenze eyona mpikiswano inkulu kule minyaka idlulileyo yile iodide yesilivere. Yinkomfa engaqhelekanga eyenziwe nge-atom yesilivere kunye ne-athomu ye-iodine. Yimbala eqaqambileyo etyheli yekristalline edla ngokuba mnyama xa ivezwe kukukhanya ixesha elide. Ayinyibiliki emanzini kodwa inokunyibilika kubukho beqondo eliphezulu le-iodide ion.
Kule nqaku siza kukuxelela ngazo zonke iimpawu, iipropathi kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-iodide yesilivere.
Iimpawu eziphambili
Sithetha ngesixhobo esingaphiliyo esine-crystalline structure esifana nqwa nomkhenkce. Kule minyaka idlulileyo, amava ale khompawundi sele ekhulile kwaye anikwe imisebenzi emininzi. Enye yazo kukusebenza njengembewu yokuvelisa imvula kunye nokutshintsha kwemozulu. Olu setyenziso luye lwabuza ngokubanzi ngenxa ye- Umonakalo onokubakho we-iodide yesilivere inokubangela xa inyibilikiswa emanzini. Ngaphaya koko, akukho ziphumo zexesha elide zaziwayo ezinokuthi ziguqule imozulu yommandla.
Ukusukela kwinkulungwane yeshumi elinethoba isetyenzisiwe kwimifanekiso yokubulela kumandla okumnyama ngokukhanya. Isetyenziswe kunyango lwe-antimicrobial. Kutshanje kukho ezinye izifundo kusetyenziso lwe-iodide yesilivere ekususweni kwe-iodine enemitha yenkunkuma eveliswe kwizityalo zamandla enyukliya.
Yinkompo leyo Inetyhefu ebantwini, kwizilwanyana nakwizityalo. Ke ngoko, kukho impikiswano enkulu malunga nokusetyenziswa kwe-iodide yesilivere yokuguqula imozulu kunye nokwenza imvula. Ubume beli khomputha lenziwe yimeko ye-oxidation yesilivere kunye ne-iodine ene-valence -1. Ubudlelwane phakathi kweion ezimbini bomelele kwaye buzinzile. Esi sesinye sezizathu zokuba ayinyibiliki emanzini. Ubume bekristal buxhomekeke kubushushu esikuko. Ngaphantsi kwe-137 degrees kukho imilo ye-cubic, phakathi kwe-137 kunye ne-145 degrees sinesibindi esinombala oluhlaza-tyheli okanye umbala omile nge-beta. Okokugqibela, ukuba ubushushu buphakama ngaphezulu kwe-145 yeedigri, iya kubonisa ukuba iodide yesilivere ngombala omthubi kunye nefom yayo ye-alpha.
Iimpawu zeSilver Iodide
Siyazi ukuba kwimeko yayo yendalo yomelele yomelele ngombala otyheli okhanyayo owenza i-hexagonal okanye i-cubic crystals. Ubunzima bayo beemolekyuli ngama-234.773 amagremu kwimole nganye kwaye indawo yokunyibilika ngama-558 degrees. Ukuze i-Heliodorus ibilise isilivere kufuneka ifike kumaqondo obushushu angama-1506 degrees.
Njengoko besesitshilo ngaphambili, sisixhobo esingaqhelekanga esinyibilikayo emanzini. Ayinyibiliki kwiasidi ngaphandle kwehydroiodic acid kwaye inyibilika kwizisombululo ezixineneyo ezinje ngeealkali bromides kunye neealkali chloride. Phakathi kweempawu zayo zeekhemikhali sinee-asidi ezigxininisiweyo ukuba nje zinamaqondo aphezulu obushushu kwaye zihlasela kancinci. Izisombululo apho i-iodide ion engaphezulu inyibilika, ziyila iodine kunye nesilivere. Enye yeepropathi emele ukuba ibuthathaka ekukhanyeni. Ukuba ukukhanya kubonakalisiwe ixesha elide, kuyacotha mnyama kwaye kwenza isilivere yentsimbi.
Iodidi yesilivere isebenzisa
Le khompawundi ifunyenwe kwindalo ngohlobo lwe-iodargyrite yezimbiwa. Nje ukuba ilabhoratri, inokulungiswa ngokufudumeza isisombululo se-nitrate yesilivere ngesisombululo se-alkaline iodide esinjenge-potassium iodide. Ngale ndlela, iodide yesilivere yenziwe ngendlela engeyiyo.
Enye yezona zinto ziphikisayo zisetyenziselwa iodidi yesilivere kwimbali kukwenza imvula. ndiyazi Unokufaka isicelo emafini ukutshintsha inani okanye uhlobo lwemvula. Inokubangela iinkqubo zesichotho, isasaze inkungu ebandayo okanye yenze buthathaka iinkanyamba. Ukwenza oku, inokusasazeka ngokungathi iyimbewu ngaphakathi kwilifu elibandayo elinamanzi alulwelo aphezulu. I-Eta ithetha ukuba amaqondo obushushu angaphantsi kwe-0 degrees. Ngokuba nolwakhiwo lwecrystalline olufana nolomkhenkce, kuyakuthanda ukubandayo kwamanzi aqanduselwa phezulu.
Ingxaki ngokusetyenziswa kwe-iodide yesilivere yokuvelisa imvula ziziphumo zayo ezibi. Kwaye emva kokusasazeka njengembewu emafini iyafunyanwa ngaphakathi kuyo kwaye ihlanjwe yimvula. Ubukho besilivere enyibilikayo emanzi emvula yinto ekufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo kuba ingcolisa kwaye iyityhefu kwizityalo, izilwanyana kunye nabantu. Imekobume yolwandle ikwachaphazela zonke izilwanyana nezityalo.
Imbewu yefu luvavanyo olwenziwe kumashumi ambalwa eminyaka eyadlulayo. Ukuba amafu atyalwe ngokwahlukeneyo kwindawo enye, Unokwenza isiphumo se-iodide yesilivere eyonyukayo. Ngokwezifundo ezininzi zamva nje, uxinzelelo lwe-iodide yesilivere efumaneka kwiindawo apho kusetyenziswa ubuchule bokuhlwayela amafu buphezulu kakhulu kunomda ovela kuyo uyityhefu kwezinye iintlanzi nakwizinto eziphantsi.
Kunokuthiwa ekuphela kwendlela yokusetyenziswa kwe-iodide yesilivere iya kuba kukuthoba inkanyamba, ngaloo ndlela kuncitshiswa iziphumo zazo.
Olunye usetyenziso
Njengoko besesitshilo ngaphambili, ngenxa yobuthathaka bokukhanya kwakusetyenziswa ekufotweni. Yinto ekwaziyo ukusabela xa kukho ukukhanya. Oku kuthetha ukuba isetyenziselwa ukufumana izinto ezibonakalayo ezinje ngeefoto ezisebenzisa ii-crystals. Enkosi nge-iodide yesilivere sikwazile ukuthatha iifoto kwikhamera endala.
Olunye usetyenziso kukususa iodine enemitha yeathom. Njengoko inokungakwazi ukuhlawula amatyala okuphezulu, kucetyisiwe ukuba kususwe iodine eneathom efumaneka kumanzi amdaka avela kwizityalo zamandla enyukliya.
Ndiyathemba ukuba olu lwazi ungafunda ngakumbi malunga ne-iodide yesilivere kunye nokusetyenziswa kwayo.