Namhlanje siza kuthetha malunga nesebe le-geology ejolise kufundo lwentlenga. Imalunga ne- intlenga. Eli sebe lesayensi lijolise kufundo lwentlenga kunye nokwenziwa kwazo. Iingqungquthela zedipozithi ezenza phezu komhlaba kunye nasezantsi kolwandle. Ziyakwenzeka ngeenkqubo ezahlukeneyo ze-geological kwaye zibaluleke kakhulu ekutshintsheni i-geology yomhlaba.
Ke ngoko, siza kulinikela eli nqaku ukuba likuxelele ngazo zonke iimpawu kunye nofundo lwesedimentology.
Iimpawu eziphambili
Iingqungquthela Zizo iidipozithi ezenza umphezulu womhlaba kunye nolwandle. Ukwenziwa kwezidumbu kwiindawo ezinkulu kuxhomekeke kwizenzo zomzimba kunye neekhemikhali ezikhoyo kutshintsho lwelitye. Umzekelo, iatmosfera kunye nelitye zivelisa ubudlelwane obudibene namanzi, babizwa ngokuba ziinkqubo zangaphandle. Esi sesinye sezizathu zokuba izidalwa ziveliswe.
Uninzi lweenkqubo ze-sedimentological zenzeka ngenxa yesenzo soxinzelelo oluphezulu kunye namaqondo obushushu. I-Sedimentology ijolise ekufundeni ukunxiba kwamatye aqinileyo, ukuthuthwa kunye nokubekwa kwawo. Ukufakwa kujolise kwidiagenesis yelitye lentlenga. Ukusuka apha kuza igama lamatye e-sedimentary. Kukuqokelelana okwenzeka kwiziseko ezahlukeneyo zokwenza iliwa. Le nkqubo kufuneka ilamle kwisikali sexesha lejiyoji kuba ayinakubalwa kwinqanaba lomntu. Sithetha ngezigidi zeminyaka ukwenziwa kwala matye.
Izidalwa zizinto ezifakwe emanzini, sisenzo somkhenkce, umoya okanye imichiza ebanjiswe ngamanzi. Zonke ezi nkqubo zentlenge zenzeka apha emhlabeni nasemanzini.
Iinkqubo zeSedimentology
Iinkqubo zentlenga ziqala ngokutshatyalaliswa kwamatye aqinileyo abangelwa zizinto ezahlukeneyo zearhente zejoloji. Isishwankathelo, ezi nkqubo zezi: ithiyori, ukhukuliseko lomhlaba kunye nokuthuthwa kwendawo efana namanzi, umoya kunye nomkhenkce. Inokwenziwa kwakhona idiphozithi okanye imvula kwaye, ekugqibeleni, i-diagenesis yintoni ukwenziwa kwamatye aqinileyo. Iinkqubo ze-sedimentary ezifundwe kwi-sedimentology zinzima kakhulu kwaye zixhomekeka kwizinto ezininzi.
Eyona njongo iphambili yesifundo sedimentology idlala indima ebalulekileyo kwicandelo lesayensi. Inzala yezoqoqosho kwezinye iidipozithi kwindawo ehleliyo yintsimi yendabuko ye-sedimentology. Ingakumbi iyenzeka nge ityuwa, igrabile, isanti namalahle. Kukwakhona neshumi leedipozithi zesinyithi ezinemvelaphi yentsimbi, ezimbini ezinjengeendawo zokuhlamba iimpahla. Ke ngoko, i-sedimentology sisitshixo sokuqonda okusingqongileyo kunye nokubonakaliswa kongcoliseko olufana nemilambo neelwandle. Ukuphanda ungcoliseko olufana nenkqubo yemilambo, kufuneka uqale uqonde ukuba isebenza njani imilambo, ngakumbi umlambo ongcolileyo. Apha ukufakwa kwezidumbu kubalulekile.
Kwi-sedimentology sifumana i-geotechnics. Ingakumbi ijolise ekufundeni uzinzo lomhlaba kwaye yintsimi ebaluleke kakhulu phambi kwawo nawuphi na umsebenzi woluntu. Ukuba ufuna ukwakha isakhiwo sekomkhulu, qala ngokuvavanya uzinzo lwexesha elide lomhlaba. Ubunzima obuphezulu bobuchwephesha kuninzi lwemisebenzi emikhulu enje ngeetonela, iibhlorho, amadama, oohola bendlela kunye nezakhiwo ezide zifuna ukufundisisa ngokupheleleyo komhlaba ongaphantsi. Kuxhomekeke kuko konke oku ukuba le misebenzi iyenziwa kwaye ayivelisi naluphi na uhlobo lomngcipheko.
Umngcipheko wejoloji unxulunyaniswa neenkqubo zentlenge. Umzekelo, isoyikiso sezikhukula kufuneka sichaphazele nabani na okwisikhundla esiphezulu ekucwangciseni ilizwe, ingingqi okanye idolophu. IiAlluviums ziinduli zodaka kunye nodaka ezithi zenzeke xa imvula ithwala zonke izidalwa kwaye iqokelelene ibangela iarval. Izikhukula kunye nokhukuliseko lwamanzi emvula kwimilambo yendalo okanye yemilambo zizinto ezibaluleke kakhulu kunokuba zinokubakho kwi-sedimentology.
Ikwajolise ekufundeni amanzi aphantsi komhlaba. Ukuziphatha kwazo zonke iindawo apho kugcinwa khona amanzi phantsi komhlaba ikakhulu kungqamana nezinye iiparameter sedimentological. Kule mihla akubalulekanga nje kuphela ukwazi ubuninzi bamanzi kwimijelo engaphantsi komhlaba, kodwa kunye nomgangatho wobutyebi bendalo.
Iinkqubo ze-Geological sedimentology
Kwangoko besikhankanyile ukuba ezona nkqubo ziphambili zejoloji ziqala ngokutshatyalaliswa kwesiseko. Oku kunokunikwa ngamanye amachiza omhlaba afana nemozulu, ezothutho kunye nentlenga. Okokugqibela, idiagenesis yokwenziwa kwamatye iyenziwa. Siza kubona ubunzulu obuncinci ngakumbi ukuba zeziphi iinkqubo zejoloji.
Imozulu
Isimo sezulu sihlukaniswe kwi-physics kunye ne-chemistry, makhe sibone ukuba yeyiphi enye yazo:
- Imozulu yomzimba: yinkqubo eqhekeza okanye iguqule amatye ngokuxhomekeke kwizenzo zabo kunye neemeko zokusingqongileyo. Ziyakwazi ukwahlulahlula kwaye zibasasaze. Basebenza kwiiminerali. Oonobangela abaxhaphakileyo bemozulu ebonakalayo yimvula, umkhenkce, unyibilike, umoya, kunye notshintsho oluqhubekayo kubushushu phakathi kwemini nobusuku.
- Imozulu yemichiza: Yeyona yenzekayo ikakhulu kwimozulu efumileyo kwaye ibangela ukusabela kweekhemikhali okwenzeka phakathi kweegesi zomoya kunye neeminerali ezikhoyo ematyeni. Kule meko, into eyenzekayo kukuwohloka kwala masuntswana. Amanzi kunye nobukho beegesi ezinje ngeoksijini kunye nehydrogen zibangela iimpendulo zemichiza ezibangela imozulu.
Ukhukuliseko kunye nokuthuthwa kwe-sedimentology
Ukhukuliseko lomhlaba lwenzeka xa iimvula, umoya, ukuhamba kwamanzi kusebenza ematyeni. Yile ndlela ukwahlulwa kunye nokushenxiswa okufanayo kwenzeka ngokuqhubekayo. Ukuhamba yinkqubo ebangela ukhukuliseko lomhlaba. Onke amaqhekeza kunye neentsholongwane ezahlulwe kukhukuliseko zihanjiswa yimilambo yamanzi, ngumkhenkce kunye nomoya.
Intlenga yinyathelo lokugqibela kwaye iyahambelana ukubekwa kwamasuntswana aqinileyo ahanjiswe kukhukuliseko. La masuntswana abizwa ngokuba zizidalwa. Iindawo ezinelona nani liphezulu lentlenga yimilambo yemilambo nakwiindawo ezinjengeelwandle neelwandle. Iingqungquthela xa zifakwe, nazo, zisuswe ngamanye amajelo e-geological njengokhukuliseko kunye nesimo sezulu. Ukuba ezi zidalwa zifumana ubungakanani obukhulu kunye nokuxinana kwiminyaka edlulileyo, kuyilwa amatye eentlenga.
Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi unokufunda ngakumbi malunga ne-sedimentology kunye neempawu zayo.