El intaka yendlovu o I-Aepyornis ibalasele phakathi kwezona ntaka zikhulu kwaye zinamandla ehlabathini, inobunzima obufikelela kuma-500 kg (inciniba ephindwe kahlanu) kunye nobude obuziimitha ezimbini ukuya kwezintathu ezinesiqingatha. Ukuhlala kumahlathi aseMadagascar. Ineempawu ezifana nezo zeenciniba zale mihla, kodwa iisampulu zofuzo eziqokelelwe kumaqanda efosili ziyidibanisa nekiwi. Akukho datha icacileyo malunga nokuba yaphela nini na, kodwa kukholelwa ukuba ukufika kwabantu kwesi siqithi kunokuba kuchaphazele ukunyamalala kwayo kwiminyaka engama-2.300 eyadlulayo. Igama layo livela kwinguqulelo ye-aboriginal ye "vouron patra", ngokoqobo ithetha intaka okanye intaka yendlovu.
Kule nqaku siza kukuxelela yonke into oyifunayo ukuba uyazi malunga nentaka yendlovu, ziphi iimpawu zayo kunye nezinto ezinomdla.
I-Evolution kunye nembali yentaka yendlovu
Kuqikelelwa ukuba iintaka zeendlovu zavela kwi-80 yezigidi zeminyaka eyadlulayo kwaye zafikelela kubukhulu obukhulu ngenxa yeziqithi ezikhulu, le yinkqubo yendaleko, xa zihlala kwiziqithi okanye kwimimandla ekude nendawo yazo yokuhlala, umlinganiselo wazo uya kwanda.
Xa abantu baseNtshona bafika eMadagascar malunga nenkulungwane ye-XNUMX, bamangaliswa kukuva abantu balapho bethetha ngeentaka ezinkulu ezihlala emahlathini. Bambalwa abantu ababakholelwayo de kwaphakathi kwinkulungwane yeshumi elinesithoba, xa amaqanda amathathu kunye namanye amathambo alo mzekelo athatyathwa eParia.
Amathambo afunyenwe ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo abuyele kwi-XNUMXst kunye ne-XNUMXnd inkulungwane. Amaqokobhe amaqanda aneminyaka eyi-1000 ubudala nawo afunyanwa, kwaye ezi zinto zifunyanisiweyo zikhokelele iingcali ukuba zicingele ubukho babo ebantwini. Nangona kunjalo, umhla wokuphela kwezilwanyana useyimfihlelo. Abanye abantu bacinga ukuba oku kwenzeka ngenkulungwane ye-XNUMX.
Iimpawu eziphambili
Ukhakhayi kunye nentamo yeentaka zeendlovu zifana kakhulu nezo zenciniba, kodwa uphando lwakutsha nje lubonise ukuba ezi ntaka azinabudlelwane bezinyanya. Ubunzima bayo kunye nobukhulu bayo buyenza ibeyeyesibini intaka ubude embalini, idlulwa kuphela yi New Zealand Moas engasekhoyo.
Le ntaka inemilenze emikhulu, enamandla kunye neenzipho ezinkulu ezinamandla. Ihamba kancinane kuba ayifuni kufikelela kwisantya esikhulu kuba ayinazo iintshaba zendalo de abantu bafike.
Ayinakubhabha, kodwa inamaphiko amakhulu angaphuhliswanga. Iintsiba zazo zingqindilili kwaye zitsolile, zifana kakhulu nezo ze-emu. Umlomo wayo umile okwesifuba. Iqanda lentaka yendlovu linokufikelela kububanzi obuyimitha enye nenye ubude be-33 centimeters, kunye ne-outlet yogutyulo inokufikelela kwiilitha ezili-9. Ukuba kuthelekiswa neqanda lenkukhu, kungathatha malunga neeyunithi ezingama-200 ukugcwalisa enye yezi. Iqanda elinye lentaka yendlovu linokondla abantu abali-120.
Indawo yokuhlala kunye nokuziphatha kwentaka yendlovu
Kuthiwa le ntaka yendlovu ibihlala kumahlathi avulekileyo aseMadagascar ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-60.000, kodwa eyona ndawo yokugqibela erekhodiweyo yabonwa kwihlathi elinomgxobhozo wesiqithi. Zintaka ezitya utyani. Bondla kwizityalo kunye neziqhamo ezivela kwisiqithi saseMadagascar, kunye nenani elikhulu lamagqabi kunye namasebe. Kucingelwa ukuba kufakwe iziqhamo zezityalo zeArecaaceae kukutya kwakho.
Kukho iingcamango ezahlukeneyo malunga nonobangela wokuphela kwale ntaka, kodwa zonke ziyavuma ukuba zabulawa ngabantu. Le ntaka yalawula esi siqithi ixesha elide. Ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo sesinye sezilwanyana ezinkulu kuyo yonke indawo. Ayinazo iintshaba zendalo okanye amarhamncwa amakhulu ngokwaneleyo ukuba angayizingela.
Ithiyori yokuqala ithi ukuphela kwenzeka malunga neminyaka engama-2.000 XNUMX eyadlulayo, kwaye ukubonakala kwabantu kwisiqithi kwaphawula ukufika kwerhamncwa lokuqala elinokujongana neentaka. Ngenxa yobukhulu bazo, kubonakala ukuba aba baphambukeli bawabulala kuba ayengumthombo wokutya kwabantu. Nakuba kunjalo, ingcamango ithi abemi bokuqala besi siqithi abazange babeke tyala ngokunyamalala kwaso, ekubeni iingxelo zibonisa ukuba abaninzi kubo basinda.
Kodwa njengoko ama-Arabhu ayefikelela kunxweme lwaseMadagascar, imeko yaba mbi ngakumbi, kuba ayengazingelwanga nje kuphela, kodwa atshabalalisa iindlwane zawo ukuze abe amaqanda. Ngale nto, bathintela ukuzala kweentaka. Eyona nto yayiphambili ekutshatyalalisweni kwamahlathi yayikukugawulwa kwamahlathi ngenxa yezolimo, ngaloo ndlela kutshabalalisa amakhaya abo.
Ekugqibeleni, ngenxa yokugawulwa kwamahlathi ngokuqhubekayo kwindawo ezihlala kuyo iindlwane, ezi zilwanyana ekugqibeleni zaphela ngenkulungwane ye-34. Ngandlel’ ithile, abanye abantu bazingisa ekutshabalaliseni yonke into. Ngoku kufunyenwe amathambo namaqanda eentaka zeendlovu kuphela. Ezinye zezokugqibela zine-circumference engaphezu kwemitha enye kunye nobubanzi obungaphezulu kwe-160 cm. Ukukunika ingcamango, umthamo wayo umalunga ne-XNUMX ngaphezu kweqanda.
Eminye iminqweno
Intsomi ithi xa uMarco Polo edlula eMadagascar weva amarhe entaka enkulu, eyavelisa intsomi yentaka yeRoc. Ezi ntaka ezinkulu zihlala ezintabeni kwaye zikhankanywe ngababhali abaninzi kwimisebenzi yabo. Ukhozi olukhulu lunamandla amakhulu.
Iqanda lentaka yendlovu lelona likhulu kwelakha labhalwa, inkulu ngakumbi kunaleyo yedayinaso. Ngo-2015, iqanda lentaka yendlovu liza kuthengiswa malunga ne-70.000 yee-euro. Ubudala bakhe yiminyaka engama-400.
Izazinzulu ezininzi ziye zathandabuza ukuba le ntaka yendlovu inokwenziwa yimifuziselo. Ekubeni umntu edlala indima kaThixo, kuqala unobunewunewu bokuvumela ezinye izidalwa zitshabalale ngaphandle kokuvavanya imiphumo. Emva koko zama ukubavusa. Iziphumo kusenzima ukuzibala.
Kukufumana iphrofayili ye-DNA yesilwanyana esiphelileyo esinokuthi "sivuse." Kufezwa njani oku? Ngenkqubo ye-cloning, kusetyenziswe "umama wokuzala" ophuma kolunye uhlobo losapho olunye. Kwiintaka zeendlovu, iinciniba zingasetyenziswa. Ke, musa ukumangaliswa ukuba kwixesha elizayo elingekude unokutyelela iindawo uSteven Spielberg awayezicingela ngeJurassic Park yakhe ukuba akukho nto inomona. Kwimeko yeentaka zeendlovu, masithembe ukuba ziya kuqhubeka zigcina imikhwa yazo yakudala yokutya.
Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi unokufunda ngakumbi malunga nentaka yendlovu kunye neempawu zayo.