Imo iyatshintsha ineziphumo ezibi kwizinto ezininzi ezibonisa imeko yobomi eMhlabeni, kubandakanya ukwahluka kwemfuzo. Siyazi kakuhle ukuba amaqondo obushushu ehlabathi ayenyuka ngenxa yokwanda kokukhutshwa kwegesi evela kumzi mveliso kunye nezothutho kwihlabathi liphela.
Olu konyuka kubushushu beplanethi bunemingcipheko ethile kwizinto eziguquguqukayo ezinemeko yendalo eyahlukeneyo yomhlaba wethu. Izinto ezinje ngeqondo lobushushu, ubumuncu bamachibi, ukunqongophala kwamanzi amatsha kunye nokuqhekeka kweendawo zokuhlala zezi ziyanciphisa izinto eziphilayo.
Ukwahluka kwemfuza kuyichaphazela njani inguqu kwimozulu
Kwimeko yendalo kunye ne-anthropised ecosystems, zonke iindlela ezenza ukuba izinto zisebenze kakuhle zezi enxulumene. Ngendlela erhabaxa, yonke into eyenza ukuba i-ecosystem isebenze njengoko sibazi namhlanje yimixokelelwane kunye nobudlelwane phakathi kwezinto eziphilayo kunye nezinto ezingenanto.
Ukuze ube nakho ukuziqhelanisa neziphumo ezibi kunye nezimbi zotshintsho lwemozulu, ukwahluka okukhulu kwemfuza kuyafuneka okuvumela oko yenza utshintsho kwiDNA ukuze sikwazi ukunyamezela kwaye sisinde kutshintsho kwindalo esingqongileyo. Njengokuba inani leentlobo ezithile zezilwanyana nezityalo lincipha, baba sesichengeni sokusingqongileyo. Umzekelo, iintlobo zezityalo ezifuna amaqondo obushushu asezantsi zihlala zitshintsha uluhlu lwazo kwiindawo eziphakamileyo njengoko amaqondo obushushu enyuka kwiindawo ezisezantsi ngenxa yotshintsho lwemozulu.
Ke ngoko, zombini iintlobo zezilwanyana kunye nezityalo ziyamelana kwaye kunexesha elilula lokuziqhelanisa notshintsho lwemozulu njengoko Inani elikhulu labantu kunye nokwahluka kwemfuza kuye.
Kuthekani ngeemarmot zasePyrenees?
ESpeyin, kwiiPyrenees, kuhlala iimarmot ezivela kwiiAlps zaseFrance. Ezi ziphinde zenziwa phakathi kuka-1948 no-1988 kuba Baye baphela kwiiPyrenees ngaphezulu kweminyaka eyi-15.000.
Uphononongo lwakutsha nje lubonisa ukuba iyantlukwano yemfuza yezi mbila iphantsiKe ngoko, ngokwento endiyithethileyo ngaphambili, iyakuba nobunzima obukhulu kwaye iya kuba sesichengeni kakhulu phambi kweziphumo zotshintsho lwemozulu. Sele iSpain lilizwe elithe, ngenxa yemozulu yalo, uqoqosho kunye nendawo elikuyo, lisemngciphekweni kakhulu kutshintsho lwemozulu.
Uluhlu lweemarmot zasezintabeni
Uphononongo lwenziwe ngabaphandi abavela kwi- Iziko loPhando lwezeNdalo kunye nezicelo zeHlathi (i-CREAF-UAB) kunye neLebhu Laboratoire de Biométrie de Biologie Evolutive (LBBE) eLyon (France). Ngenxa yoku bahlalutye i-DNA yeeMarimot zasePyrenean ngeenwele zabo.
Xa ukwenziwa kwakhona kwale ntlobo kwenziwa kwiiPyrenees, ziphinde zaphinda zafunyanwa iisampulu ezingama-400 ezazivela kwiiAlps zaseFrance. Ngaphandle kokunqongophala kokucwangcisa kunye nokulandela (kuba abanye babo bebengazi ngqo ukuba bavela phi), ukuphinda kuveliswe kwakhona kweAlpine marmot kwiiPyrenees yayiyimpumelelo kuba yasungula ngokukhawuleza yaza yathimba phantse bonke ubuso obusemazantsi bale ntaba.
Imvelaphi kunye neziphumo zokwahluka okuphantsi kofuzo
Abantu abaphinda baphinde baveliswa banokungafani kancinci kofuzo. Lo ngumcimbi obaluleke kakhulu ukulungiselela ukuziqhelanisa notshintsho lwemozulu kunye nemeko ezintsha eziza nazo. Ngokwesiqhelo, ngaphezulu kwesinye kwisithathu sokuphinda kwenziwe kwakhona kusilele ngenxa yokunqongophala kwezifundo zangaphambili, ekulandeleleni okungonelanga okulandelayo okanye kukwahluka okuphantsi kofuzo.
Inyaniso yokuba iintlobo zinezinto ezahlukeneyo ezityebileyo kwimfuza kubalulekile ekuguqukeni koluntu kunye nohlobo ngokwalo, kodwa kubaluleke ngakumbi xa abantu bebancinci.
Kodwa kutheni ukwahluka kwemfuza kuphantsi? Ewe, njengabantu basePyrenees ungatshintshisanga ngezinto zemvelo, Idolophu nganye esePyrenees isafana nedolophu yaseAlps.
Umbuzo kuphela oshiyekileyo ngowokuba ingaba ixesha liya kuba nakho na ukunceda i-hohohoji ukuziqhelanisa notshintsho lwemozulu okanye iya kuba yenye into yokusilela kokuphinda uphinde uphinde ubuye. Ithemba lethu elishiyekileyo kukunciphisa kunye nokumisa iziphumo zotshintsho lwemozulu ukuze iimarmot kunye nezinye izinto ezisemngciphekweni babe nexesha elininzi lokuziqhelanisa neziganeko ezintsha eziza kwenziwa lutshintsho lwemozulu.