Abantu bebesoloko bechukunyiswa kukusithwa kwelanga yinyanga. Ziziganeko ezenzeka ngokunqabileyo kodwa zintle kakhulu. Kukho ezahlukeneyo iintlobo zokusithwa kwelanga yinyanga, ngaphezu kokuba abantu becinga, ekubeni iyancipha ibe yinyanga kunye nenyanga. Nangona kunjalo, kukho ezininzi ezahlukeneyo.
Kweli nqaku siza kukuxelela malunga neentlobo eziphambili ze-eclipse ezikhoyo, iimpawu zabo kunye nokubaluleka kwazo.
yintoni ukusithwa kwelanga yinyanga
Ukusithwa kwelanga yinyanga yimeko yeenkwenkwezi apho ukukhanya okuvela kumzimba we-incandescent, njengelanga, kugutyungelwe ngokupheleleyo okanye ngokuyinxenye yenye into e-opaque endleleni (ebizwa ngokuba yi-solar eclipse), isithunzi sayo sifakwe emhlabeni.
Ngokomgaqo, ukusithwa kwelanga yilanga kunokwenzeka phakathi kwalo naliphi na iqela leenkwenkwezi okoko nje oku kukhankanyiwe ngasentla kunye nokuphazamiseka kokukhanya kwenzeka. Nangona kunjalo, kuba akukho bantu babukeleyo ngaphandle koMhlaba, sihlala sithetha ngeentlobo ezimbini zokusithwa kwelanga yinyanga: ukufiphala kwenyanga kunye nokusithwa kwelanga yinyanga, kuxhomekeke ekubeni yiyiphi indalo yasezulwini efihliweyo.
Ukukhanya kwelanga kuye kwathakazelisa kwaye kwaphazamisa abantu ukususela kwixesha elidlulileyo, kwaye impucuko yethu yamandulo ibone iimpawu zokutshintsha, intlekele, okanye ukuzalwa kwakhona kwi-eclipses, ukuba kungekhona i-omens ngoko. njengoko iinkonzo ezininzi zinqula ilanga ngeendlela ezahlukahlukeneyo.
Noko ke, ezi ziganeko zaziqondwa zaza zaxelwa kwangaphambili yimpucuko yamandulo eyayinikwe ulwazi ngeenkwenkwezi ngenxa yokuba yafunda ukuphindaphindwa kwemijikelo yeenkwenkwezi kwiikhalenda ezahlukahlukeneyo. Abanye babo baqalisa ukuzisebenzisa ukwahlula amaxesha okanye amaxesha ezopolitiko, ezonqulo okanye ezentlalo.
Kutheni kusenzeka umnyama welanga?
Ngexesha lokusithwa kwelanga yinyanga, isithunzi esifakwe nguMhlaba sifihla iNyanga. Ingqiqo yokusithwa kwelanga yinyanga ilula: umzimba wesibhakabhaka umi phakathi kwethu kunye nomthombo othile wokukhanya, ukudala isithunzi esithi ngamanye amaxesha sithintele uninzi lwelitha. Oku kufana nokwenzekayo xa sihamba ngaphaya kwento ephambi kwezibane zeprojektha engaphezulu: isithunzi sayo siphoswe ngasemva.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuze kwenzeke ukusithwa kwelanga yinyanga, ukudibana okuthe ngqo okanye okungaphantsi kwezinto zendalo phakathi kweNyanga, uMhlaba kunye neLanga kufuneka kwenzeke, kuphindaphindwa inani elithile lee-orbits. Yiyo loo nto zivela rhoqo.
Ukongeza, banokuqikelelwa ngoncedo lweekhompyuter, umzekelo, kuba siyazi ixesha elithathayo ukuba uMhlaba ujikeleze ilanga kunye ne-axis yalo, kunye nexesha elithathayo ukuba inyanga ijikeleze uMhlaba. Ngexesha lokusithwa kwelanga yinyanga, inyanga iphakathi kwelanga nomhlaba.
Ukusithwa kwelanga yinyanga kwenzeka xa iNyanga iphakathi koMhlaba neLanga. iphosa isithunzi sayo phezu kwenxalenye yomphezulu woMhlaba, kunye nosuku loMhlaba lubonakala esithunzini okomzuzwana.
iintlobo zokusithwa kwelanga yinyanga
Ukukhanya kwelanga kuyenzeka kuphela ngexesha lenyanga entsha, kwaye inokwenzeka ngeendlela ezintathu ezahlukeneyo:
- ukusithwa kwelanga yinyanga. Inyanga ivala ngokuyinxenye ukukhanya kwelanga okanye inxalenye ebonakalayo yomjikelezo wayo, ishiya yonke eminye ibonakale.
- umnyama ngokupheleleyo welanga. Isikhundla seNyanga sichanekile ukuze kwindawo ethile eMhlabeni iLanga libe mnyama ngokupheleleyo kwaye imizuzu embalwa yobumnyama bokwenziwa idalwe.
- Umnyama wonyaka. INyanga ingqamana neLanga kwindawo yalo, kodwa ayiligqubuthele ngokupheleleyo, ishiya kuphela i-corona eveziweyo.
Ukusithwa kwelanga yinyanga kuxhaphakile, kodwa kunokubonwa kuphela kwiindawo ezithile emhlabeni ngenxa yokuba inyanga incinane kakhulu kunomhlaba. Oko kuthetha ukuba uhlobo oluthile lokusithwa kwelanga yinyanga lunokubonwa kwindawo enye rhoqo emva kweminyaka engama-360.
ukusithwa kwenyanga
Ngexesha lokusithwa kwelanga yinyanga, uMhlaba uphakathi kweLanga neNyanga. Ngokungafaniyo nokusithwa kwelanga yinyanga, ukusithwa kwelanga yinyanga kwenzeka xa uMhlaba uphakathi kweNyanga neLanga, uphose isithunzi sawo eNyangeni kwaye wenze mnyama kancinci, rhoqo usuka kwindawo emhlabeni.
Ubude bexesha leeclipses buyaguquguquka, kuxhomekeke kwindawo yeNyanga ngaphakathi kwekhoni yesithunzi eyenziwe nguMhlaba, eyahlulahlulwe kwi-umbra (eyona ndawo imnyama) kunye ne-penumbra (eyona ndawo imnyama).
Kukho ukufiphala kwenyanga oku-2 ukuya kwe-5 ngonyaka, okunokwahlulwa kube ziindidi ezintathu:
- Ukusithwa kwelanga yinyanga ngokuyinxenye. INyanga, entywiliselwe kuphela kwikhowuni yoMhlaba yesithunzi, ibonakala imfiliba kancinane okanye imfiliba kuphela kwiindawo ezithile zesangqa sayo.
- umnyama wenyanga wepenumbral. Kwenzeka xa iNyanga idlula kwisithunzi soMhlaba, kodwa kuphela kwingingqi yepenumbral, eyona ndawo imnyama. Lo mthunzi usasazekileyo uwusitha kancinci umbono weNyanga, okanye unokutshintsha umbala wawo ukusuka kumhlophe ukuya kubomvu okanye orenji. Kukho neemeko apho inyanga iyingxenye kuphela kwi-penumbra, ngoko ke kunokuthiwa yi-penumbral eclipse.
- Umnyama ngokupheleleyo wenyanga. Kwenzeka xa isithunzi soMhlaba sifihla ngokupheleleyo inyanga, eyenzekayo ngokuthe ngcembe, ihamba kuqala ukusuka kwi-penumbral eclipse ukuya kwi-partial eclipse, emva koko i-eclipse epheleleyo, emva koko i-partial, i-penumbral, kunye neyokugqibela.
Umnyama weVenusian
Ngelixa asiqhelekanga ukucinga ngayo njengokukhanya kwelanga ngokubanzi, inyaniso kukuba ezinye iinkwenkwezi zinokungena endleleni kwaye zilungelelanise phakathi koMhlaba kunye nelanga. Yiloo nto yenzekayo ngezinto ezibizwa ngokuba yiVenus, apho iplanethi yethu engummelwane iphakathi kweLanga kunye noMhlaba. Nangona kunjalo, umgama omkhulu phakathi koMhlaba kunye neVenus xa kuthelekiswa neNyanga yangoku, kudityaniswa nobungakanani obuncinci beplanethi xa kuthelekiswa neyethu. yenza olu hlobo lokusithwa kwelanga lungabonakali, egubungela nje inxalenye encinane yelanga lasemhlabeni.
Kwakhona, ii-eclipses zolu hlobo zinqabile kakhulu kwaye ziphinda-phinda ngokulandelelana: Iminyaka eyi-105,5, emva koko eminye iminyaka eyi-8, emva koko enye iminyaka eyi-121,5, emva koko eminye iminyaka eyi-8, kumjikelo weminyaka engama-243.. Ukugqibelana oku kwenzeka ngo-2012, kwaye elandelayo kulindeleke ukuba yenzeke ngo-2117.
Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi unokufunda ngakumbi malunga neentlobo ze-eclipse kunye neempawu zazo.