Ilanga lethu liphakathi ngobukhulu xa lithelekiswa nezinye iinkwenkwezi ezisesibhakabhakeni. Zininzi iinkwenkwezi ezinkulu kunelanga kunye nokuba zikwezinye iiplanethi zelanga kunye nezinye iiplanethi ezijikeleza kuzo.
Kweli nqaku siza kukuxelela ukuba zeziphi iinkwenkwezi ezinkulu kunelanga, iimpawu zazo kunye nokufumanisa.
iinkwenkwezi ezinkulu kunelanga
Ilanga libonakaliswa njengeyona nkwenkwezi ibaluleke kakhulu kwisixokelelwano sethu selanga, kwaye waziwa ngokuba mkhulu kangangokuba unokude athwale imihlaba emalunga ne-1.300.000. Nangona oku ngokucacileyo kuyamangalisa, into esinokuyithetha imangalisa ngakumbi ukuba ilanga lethu ngokwenene liyinkwenkwezi encinane xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iinkwenkwezi.
Ngokwahlukileyo koko abantu abaninzi bakucingayo, kukho iinkwenkwezi ezithile kwindalo iphela ezinkulu ngakumbi kunelanga yaye zinkulu ngokobukhulu kangangokuba ukuba bezinokufunyanwa kwisixokelelwano sethu sezijikelezi-langa, beziya kuthi zidlulele ngaphaya kweSaturn. Ngale nto engqondweni, kulo lonke eli nqaku siza kuxubusha ukuba zeziphi iinkwenkwezi ezinkulu kuneLanga ukuze ufunde ngazo.
Ilanga lethu limalunga ne-1.400.000 yeekhilomitha ububanzi, kodwa Ayiyiyo eyona nkwenkwezi inkulu kwindalo iphela, kodwa ezinye iinkwenkwezi ezinkulu ngakumbi.
Aldebaran (61.000.000 km)
I-Aldebaran, inkwenkwezi yeqela leenkwenkwezi iTaurus, ibalwa njengeyona nkwenkwezi yeshumi elinesithathu eqaqambileyo esibhakabhakeni siphela. Nangona liliphinda kangangama-60 ubukhulu belanga lethu, inkwenkwezi enkulu e-orenji eneneni ayinabo kabini ubunzima benkwenkwezi yethu.
Oku kungabonisa ukuba idlule kwizigaba ezahlukeneyo zobomi, isenza i-carbon, i-nitrogen kunye ne-oksijini, yingakho ngoku ikwindawo yokwandisa, isondele ekubeni ibe yingxilimbela ebomvu, iminyaka engama-65 yokukhanya ukusuka kwiplanethi yethu. .
Rigel (97 km)
Ukuba i-Aldebaran inkulu kuneLanga, ngoko i-Rigel ibonakala inkulu, ubungakanani obumangalisayo ngokwenene. Yinkwenkwezi enkulu eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka malunga nama-860 eminyaka yokukhanya kude neplanethi yethu. Ikwaziwa njengeyona nkwenkwezi iqaqambileyo kwikroza leOrion, inkulu kangangokuba ibiya kunwenwela ukuya kuthi ga kwiMercury ukuba ibikwisijikelezi-langa sethu. Iphila ixesha elide kangangokuba kukholelwa ukuba iya kufa kugqabhuko-dubulo olukhulu kwisithuba sezigidi zeminyaka embalwa.
Star Gun (425 km)
Ukuthatha omnye umtsi omangalisayo, sinokufumana iNkwenkwezi yeGun, leyo ithathwa njengenkanyezi eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, yaye ukuba ikwisixokelelwano sethu sezijikelezi-langa, inokude ifikelele kumjikelezo kaMars, nto leyo ethetha ukuba iya kuwuginya wonke umhlaba.
Inkwenkwezi iyakwazi ukukhanyisa ngaphezu kwezigidi ezili-10 zelanga, nto leyo eyenza ibe yenye yezona nkwenkwezi ziqaqambileyo kuwo wonke umnyele wethu. Ifumaneka phantse kwiminyaka engama-26.000 yokukhanya ukusuka eMhlabeni, engekude kumbindi weMilky Way.
I-Antares A (946.000.000 km)
Antares A kabini ubukhulu Gun Star kunye ichazwa njenge supergiant ebomvu malunga neminyaka engama-550 yokukhanya ukusuka eMhlabeni.
Omnye weyona miba imangalisayo, ukongeza kubukhulu bayo, kukuba kukholelwa ukuba sele iza kugqabhuka, nto leyo enokushiya ngasemva inkwenkwezi ye<em>neutron (egqalwa njengenye yezona zinto zixineneyo kwindalo iphela).
IBetelgeuse (1.300.000.000 km)
I-Betelgeuse yeyona "monster" yokwenyani yomnyele wethu, iqulathe inkwenkwezi enkulu ebomvu ekwisithuba seminyaka engama-642 yokukhanya kunye neyesithoba eqaqambileyo kwisibhakabhaka sonke sasebusuku.
Inokude ifikelele kumjikelezo weJupiter, iwubeke kanye embindini wesixokelelwano sethu sezijikelezi-langa. Ngenxa yobukhulu bayo kunye nobushushu obuphantsi komhlaba, kukholelwa ngokubanzi ukuba iya kudubula njenge-supernova phakathi kwamawaka ambalwa eminyaka, kushiya "umkhondo" esibhakabhakeni omkhulu ngakumbi kunobukhulu benyanga.
Mu Cephei (1.753.000.000 km)
Ifumaneka kumgama we-6.000 yeminyaka yokukhanya, iMu Cephei iqulathe inkwenkwezi ebomvu enkulu kakhulu kangangokuba ingafikelela ngokulula. I-orbit yeSaturn ukuba ibibekwe kumbindi wesixokelelwano sethu selanga.
Iyeyeqela leenkwenkwezi ze-Cepheus kwaye inombala obomvu kakhulu, obangela ukuba ibonakale ngeeteleskopu zamaxabiso aphantsi.
VY Canis Majoris (2.000.000.000 km)
Ibekwe malunga ne-3.840 iminyaka yokukhanya ukusuka eMhlabeni, inkwenkwezi enkulu ebomvu inkulu kangangokuba ukuyibeka embindini wesixokelelwano sethu selanga kuya kudlula i-orbit yeSaturn.
UY Scuti (2.400.000.000 km)
Ekugqibeleni, i-UY Scuti igqame njengeyona nkwenkwezi inkulu eyaziwayo ukuza kuthi ga ngoku kumnyele wethu. Ifumaneka kwiminyaka engama-9.500 yokukhanya ukusuka kude, inkulu kangangokuba ukuzama ukujikeleza umphezulu wayo ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka ngenqwelomoya ehamba malunga neekhilomitha ezingama-900 ngeyure kunokuthatha iminyaka engama-3.000. Ubukhulu bayo bukhulu kangangokuba iiathom zesinyithi ezahlukahlukeneyo zenziwe kwi-nucleus yayo, kwaye kukholelwa ukuba inokufa kuqhushumbo lwe-supernova, okubangela ukuphuhliswa komngxuma omnyama.
Iinkwenkwezi ezinkulu kuneLanga kwi-Universe
I-Pollux: 12.000.000 km
I-Pollux yinkwenkwezi enkulu e-orenji kwiqela leenkwenkwezi zeGemini. Ngaphandle kokuba inombolo ye-10 kuluhlu, sele sithetha inkwenkwezi ephindwe kalishumi ngaphezu kwelanga lethu. Kwakhona, yeyona nkwenkwezi yeshumi elinesixhenxe eqaqambileyo esinokuyibona esibhakabhakeni. Kwiminyaka engama-33,7 yokukhanya ukusuka eMhlabeni, yeyona nkwenkwezi ikufutshane kolu luhlu.
Arthur: 36.000.000 XNUMX XNUMX km
Siqhubeka nohambo lwethu sihlola iNkwenkwezi yase-Arthur, ekwabizwa ngokuba yiArcturus. Inkwenkwezi yesithathu eqaqambileyo esibhakabhakeni sasebusuku sisigebenga esibomvu. Emva kweyangaphambili, yeyona ikufutshane: "kuphela" 36,7 light-years kude. Inkulu kangangokuba i-helium kunye ne-carbon fusion kucingelwa ukuba yenzeke kumbindi wayo. Kwaye zonke iikhemikhali ziphuma ngaphakathi ezinkwenkwezini. I-elementi inzima, kokukhona kufuneka amandla amaninzi. Ilanga lethu lincinci kangangokuba linokufikelela kuphela kwinto yesibini, i-helium.
Njengoko ubona, ummandla wendalo mkhulu kangangokuba isijikelezi-langa sethu sincinane. Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi unokufunda ngakumbi malunga neenkwenkwezi ezinkulu kunelanga kunye neempawu zazo.