Njengoko sisazi, kukho iintlobo ezininzi zemvula ngokwemvelaphi yazo kunye neempawu zayo. Namhlanje siza kuthetha iimvula ezinamandla. Ziyaziwa ngegama lemvula yokuhambisa amanzi. Yimvula eveliswa kukuhla koxinzelelo lwangaphakathi kwinqanaba lendawo. Zenziwe ngokungathi ngamafu ngendlela ethe nkqo kwaye imvula ishiya ihlala igcwele.
Kweli nqaku siza kukuxelela yonke into odinga ukuyazi malunga neemvula eziqulisayo kunye nendlela eqala ngayo.
Imvula kunye nokwakheka
Into yokuqala ebalulekileyo ukuyazi yindlela eyenzeka ngayo kwimvula. Xa umoya ongaphezulu ushushu uphakama phezulu. Indawo yetropiki iqondo lobushushu liyancipha ngokuphakama, oko kukuthi, xa sisiya phezulu, kuyabanda, ke ngoko xa ubunzima bomoya buphakama, bubalekela kumoya obandayo kwaye buhluthi. Xa igcwele, iyadibana ukuya kumathontsi amancinci amanzi okanye iikristali zomkhenkce (kuxhomekeke kubushushu bomoya ojikelezileyo) kwaye ijikeleze amasuntswana amancinci enobubanzi obungaphantsi kweemicron ezimbini ezibiziweyo hygroscopic condensation nuclei.
Xa amanzi ehla ebambelela kwi-condensation nuclei kunye nemimoya yomoya engayeki ukunyuka, ilifu lokukhula nkqo liyakhiwa, kuba isixa somoya esihluthayo kwaye esijija sinjalo iphelela ekwandeni kobude. Olu hlobo lwamafu akhiwa ngu Ukungazinzi komoya ibizwa ngokuba UCumulus uyazithoba ukuba, njengoko zikhula ngokuthe nkqo kwaye zifikelela kubukhulu obukhulu (ngokwaneleyo ukuba kungavumeli imitha yelanga idlule), ibizwa njalo I-cumimbamus.
Ukuze umphunga okhoyo kubunzima bomoya obufikelela kwisatifitshisi ujijiswe ngamathontsi, iimeko ezimbini kufuneka zifezekiswe: eyokuqala kukuba ubunzima bomoya sele iphole ngokwaneleyoOkwesibini kukuba kukho i-hygroscopic condensation nuclei emoyeni enokuthi yenze amathontsi amanzi.
Nje ukuba amafu ayile, yintoni ebangela ukuba banike imvula, isichotho okanye ikhephu, okt uhlobo oluthile lwemvula? Amaconsi amancinci enza ilifu kwaye anqunyanyisiwe ngaphakathi kwawo enkosi kubukho bezinto ezihlaziyiweyo, ziya kuqala ukukhula ngenxa yamanye amathontsi awafumanayo ekuweni kwawo. Imikhosi emibini isebenza ngokusisiseko kwithontsi ngalinye: ngenxa yokutsala ukuba umoya wangaphezulu usebenza kuwo, kwaye ubunzima bethontsi uqobo.
Xa amathontsi emakhulu ngokwaneleyo ukoyisa amandla okutsala, aya kungxama aye emhlabeni. Okukhona amanzi ewachitha kwilifu, kokukhona aya esiba makhulu, njengoko esongeza kwamanye amachaphaza kunye nezinye izinto ezinokukhulisa ulwelo. Ukongeza, baxhomekeke kwixesha elichithwa ngamaconsi enyuka esihla efini kunye nenani elipheleleyo lamanzi anelifu.
Imvula eguqukayo
Imvula eguqukayo ziveliswa zombini kukunyuka komoya oshushu kunye nomoya ofumileyo. Umhlaba uyafudumala kwezinye iingingqi kuneminye. Konke kuxhomekeke kumphezulu womhlaba kunye nakwimeko yelanga. Kwenzeka into efanayo ngohlobo lohlaza olwenza indawo nganye. Ezi mpawu zenza ukuba ubushushu budluliselwe emoyeni kwezona ndawo ziphezulu nakwimo yebhola. Njengoko ukuphakama kuphakama, iqondo lobushushu liyatshintsha kwaye liyazikhusela de libe liqhubu lomoya obandayo. Kwimeko apho umoya ulayishwe ngomswakama, ilifu lenziwa kwaye kulapho yenzeka khona inkqubo yokunyanzelwa kwemvula ize imvula ingene.
Imeko yendalo yeemvula ezihambisayo Inokwenziwa kwakhona luhlobo lwenkungu. Oku kuvumela ukuphakama ngokuthe ngqo komoya ofumileyo ohambelana nenkqubo yokuhambisa kunye nokubonakaliswa kwemimandla eshushu nefumileyo. Ayothusi into yokuba le nto ixhaphake kakhulu ngamaxesha ehlobo kunye nakwimimandla enemozulu epholileyo. Zihlala zivela kwisaqhwithi kwaye ziza nombane kunye neendudumo.
Iyenzeka kwimimandla eneempawu ezicabaleyo okanye ezinokungafezeki okuncinci kubume bendawo. Ezi ndawo zinobukho bomoya ofumileyo nolufudumeleyo ovelisa ukwakheka kwamafu ohlobo lweCumulonimbus.
Imvelaphi yemvula ehambisa amandla
Le mvula ivela xa ubunzima bomoya obukwindawo ephezulu yobushushu buhlangana nomjelo wamanzi ofana nomlambo. Kubangela le ntlanganiso, enamaqondo obushushu ahlukileyo, ukwenza ilifu elikhawulezisa umphunga wamanzi kwaye livelise izantyalantyala zemvula.
Xa imitha yelanga ihlasela umhlaba ngamandla, umhlaba uyafudumala. Xa umphunga wamanzi unyuka uyahlutha kwaye udibane neyona ndawo iphezulu yomoya. Njengokuba umoya unyuka, ufikelela kumaqondo asezantsi asezantsi kwaye uyajiyeka kuba badibana nendawo yombethe. Oku kuthetha ukuba ubushushu bomphunga wamanzi bulingana neqondo lobushushu.
Ukuze iimvula ezinamandla zenzeke Kuyimfuneko ukuba amafu abesekhe enza emva kwenkqubo yokugcwalisa umphunga wamanzi. Oku kubangela ukuba imvula yenziwe ngamathontsi amakhulu amanzi.
Iimpawu eziphambili
Makhe sibone ukuba zeziphi ezona mpawu ziphambili zemvula enisa amandla:
- Imvula ziveliswa yimisinga ephakama ngenxa yomoya ofumileyo. Lo moya uyenyuka kwaye ushukume ngokubulela kwiiseli ezaziwayo zokuhambisa.
- Umoya uphakama ngokungalindelekanga ngenxa yokungaguquguquki komoya onawo macala onke, kudala iipokotho zomoya ezifana nebhaluni.
- Njengoko umoya upholile ufikelela kubushushu kufutshane nendawo yombethe.
- Xa kuqala ukufukuka komoya, ilifu liqala ukubumba kwaye lidale imvula kwingingqi apho senziwe khona.
- Imvula eguqukayo Zifana nemimandla yetropiki apho kukho ukufuma kunye nomoya ofudumeleyo. Ihlala ikhatshwa ngumbane kunye nemibane kwaye ibangela izaqhwithi zombane.
- Ziyimvula ezinokubangela isichotho.
Ndiyathemba ukuba olu lwazi ungafunda ngakumbi malunga nemvula ehambisa kunye neempawu zazo.