Iilwandle zaseAsia

Ngaphandle kobukho bamanzi, bekungenakwenzeka ukuba kubekho ubomi kwisijikelezi-langa sethu. Kuqikelelwa ukuba ngaphezu kwe-70% yomhlaba ngamanzi, kwaye inxalenye enkulu yamanzi ngamanzi anetyuwa esiwafumana elwandle. Elinye lawona mazwekazi abalulekileyo emanzini yiAsia, enezona lwandle zibalulekileyo ehlabathini. I iilwandle zaseAsia ezipakishwe ngeempawu ezizodwa ezinika umdla ukwazi ngazo.

Ke ngoko, siza kunikezela eli nqaku ukukuxelela zonke iimpawu kunye nezinto ezinomdla kwiilwandle ezahlukeneyo zaseAsia.

Indawo yaseAsia

Eyokuqala yazo zonke kukwazi ukuba liphi ilizwekazi laseAsia. Ukuthetha ngeelwandle ezibaluleke kakhulu e-Asiya kunye nendawo yazo, kufuneka siqale sichaze ukuba yiyiphi i-Asiya kunye nalapho ikhona khona, kuba ngaphandle kolu lwazi kunzima ukucacisa iilwandle ezikulo lizwekazi.

Asia yenye amazwekazi amathandathu omhlaba, kwaye Lilizwekazi elinommandla omkhulu kunye nabemi abaninzi. Ukusuka kwimikhenkce yoLwandlekazi lweArctic emantla, ukuya kuLwandlekazi lwePasifiki emazantsi, kuLwandlekazi lwePasifiki entshona, kunye neeNtaba zeUral ezisempuma.

I-Asia yenziwe ngamazwe angama-49, ukuxhomekeka kwe-4 kunye namazwe angama-6 angaqatshelwanga. La mazwe ahlulwe abe yimimandla emi-6 eyahlukeneyo, eyile:

• Mntla asia
• EMzantsi Asia
• EMpuma Asia
• Umbindi weAsia
• EMazantsi mpuma eAsia
• eNtshona asia

I-Asiya ithatha indawo engaphezulu kwe-44 yezigidi zeekhilomitha zeekhilomitha kwaye lelona lizwekazi likhulu emhlabeni, lithatha phantse i-9% yomphezulu womhlaba. Abemi bayo bangama-4.393.000.000 abantu, emele i-61% yabemi behlabathi. Kwelinye icala, inoxinano lwabemi abangama-99 kwisikwekhilomitha ngasinye, kwaye kwezinye iindawo inoxinano lwabemi abali-1.000 kwisikwekhilomitha ngasinye.

Uluhlu lweelwandle zaseAsia

Ukuqhubeka le khosi kwiilwandle ezibalulekileyo zaseAsia kunye neendawo zazo, kufuneka sithethe ngeelwandle ezahlukeneyo ezijikeleze ilizwekazi laseAsia. Abanye bangabeAsiya kuphela, kanti abanye banenxaxheba eAsiya yaye bakwilizwekazi elinye.

Iilwandle zaseAsia zimi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

• Ulwandle olumthubi: Yinxalenye esemantla yoLwandle lwase-East China. Imi phakathi kwelizwe laseTshayina kunye nosingasiqithi waseKorea. Igama layo livela kwiinkozo zesanti ezisuka kumlambo oMthubi ezinika lo mbala.
• Ulwandle lwaseArabhiya: Ifumaneka kunxweme olukumazantsi-ntshona eAsia, phakathi kweArabia kunye neHindustan Peninsula.
• Ulwandle Olumhlophe: Lulwandle olufumaneka eYurophu naseAsia. Ifumaneka kunxweme lwaseRashiya kwaye idla ngokuba ngumkhenkce.
• Ulwandle lweCaspian: ulwandle oluphakathi kweYurophu neAsia.
• Ulwandle lwaseAndaman: Ibekwe kumazantsi mpuma eBay of Bengal, emazantsi eMyanmar, kwintshona yeThailand nakwimpuma yeAndaman Islands. Iyinxalenye yoLwandlekazi lwaseIndiya.
• Ulwandle lweAral: Ifumaneka kuMbindi woLwandle lwaseAsia, phakathi kweKazakhstan neUzbekistan.
• Band Sea: Ifumaneka kwiNtshona yePasifiki, ehlala eIndonesia.
• Ulwandle lwaseBering: iyinxalenye yoLwandlekazi lwePasifiki, ijikelezwe yiAlaska ukuya emantla nasempuma, kunye neSiberia ngasentshona.
• Celebes Sea: Ifumaneka kwintshona yoLwandlekazi lwePasifiki. Umda weSulu kunye neziqithi zasePhilippines.
• Ulwandle lwase China: lulwandle olukwicala loLwandlekazi lwePasifiki. Iquka unxweme lwaseMpuma Asia, ukusuka eSingapore ukuya eTaiwan Strait.
• Ulwandle lwaseMpuma China: inxalenye yoLwandlekazi lwePasifiki, ejikelezwe yiTshayina, iJapan, uMzantsi Korea kunye neTaiwan.
• Ulwandle lwePhilippine: Yinxalenye esentshona yoLwandlekazi lwePasifiki, ijikelezwe ziZiqithi zePhilippine kunye neTaiwan ngasentshona, iJapan ukuya emantla, iZiqithi zaseMariana ngasempuma, kunye nePalau emazantsi.
• Ulwandle lwaseJapan: Yingalo yaselwandle phakathi kwelizwekazi laseAsia kunye nesiqithi saseJapan.
• Ulwandle lwaseOkhotskIjikelezwe yiKamchatka Peninsula ngasempuma, iKuril Islands ukuya empuma-mpuma, iHokkaido emazantsi, iSakhalin Island ngasentshona, kunye neSiberia emantla.
• Ulwandle lwaseJoló: Ifumaneka kulwandle olungaphakathi phakathi kwePhilippines neMalaysia.
• Ulwandle lwaseSeto olungaphakathi: ulwandle olungaphakathi elizweni olwahlula iziqithi ezithile kumazantsi eJapan.
• Ulwandle lwaseKara: ulwandle olukuLwandlekazi lweArctic, olukumantla eSiberia.
• Ulwandle Olubomvu: ulwandle oluphakathi kweAfrika neAsia. Lo mmandla waselwandle ngumjelo obalulekileyo wezothutho phakathi kweYurophu kunye noMbindi Mpuma.

Iilwandle zaseAsia ngokweenkcukacha

Okulandelayo, siza kuthetha nawe ngezinye zezona lwandle zibalulekileyo zaseAsia ngokweenkcukacha ezithe kratya njengoko zisaziwa ngcono kwihlabathi liphela.

ULwandle oluMthubi

Ulwandle olumthubi lulwandle olungenzulwanga nolunobunzulu obuziimitha ezili-105 kuphela. Inetheku elikhulu elenza ezantsi elwandle kwaye libizwa ngokuba luLwandle lweBohai. Eli chweba kulapho umlambo umthubi ugalela khona. Umlambo oMthubi ngowona mthombo wamanzi olwandle. Lo mlambo wagalela emva kokuwela iphondo laseShandong kunye nekomkhulu layo, iJinan, kunye noMlambo iHai onqumla iBeijing neTianjin.

Ulwandle lweAral

Nangona isaziwa ngegama loLwandle lweAral, lichibi elingaphakathi elizweni elingadityaniswanga kulo naluphi na ulwandle okanye ulwandle. Imi kumntla-ntshona wentlango yeKyzyl Kum phakathi kweUzbekistan yanamhlanje neKazakhstan. Ingxaki kukuba ikwindawo enemihlaba emininzi ebharhileyo kuMbindi Asia apho amaqondo obushushu ehlotyeni aphezulu kakhulu. La maqondo obushushu aqhele ukuba malunga nama-40 ngokukaCelsius.

Ekubeni umphezulu wamanzi nomthamo ngokubanzi olugcinwa lolu lwandle uguquguquka minyaka le, ukubala ubungakanani bamanzi ahlala kuwo kunzima ngandlel’ ithile. Ngo-1960 yayinendawo ye-68.000 yeekhilomitha zeekhilomitha ngelixa ngo-2005 yayinommandla oziikhilomitha ezingama-3.500 kuphela. Nangona yonke isiseko sayo se-hydrographic sifikelela kwi-1.76 yezigidi zeekhilomitha zeekhilomitha kwaye ithatha indawo enkulu yeziko lonke laseAsia.

Ulwandle lweCaspian

ULwandle lweCaspian lusempuma yeeNtaba zeCaucasus kwindawo exineneyo phakathi kweYurophu neAsia. Simalunga neemitha ezingama-28 ngaphantsi komphakamo wolwandle. Amazwe akufuphi noLwandle lweCaspian yi-Iran, iAzerbaijan, iTurkmenistan, iRashiya neKazakhstan. Olu lwandle lwenziwe ngezitya ezi-3: embindini okanye embindini womntla kunye nesitya sasezantsi.

Isitya sokuqala sincinci esincinci kuba sigubungela nje ngaphezulu kwekota yendawo yonke yolwandle. Ikwayindawo encinci kakhulu esinokuyifumana kule ndawo. Isitya esiphakathi sinobunzulu obujikeleze i-190 yeemitha, evumela ubukho bezinto ezininzi zendalo, nangona obona bunzulu busezantsi. Isitya sokuhlambela esisezantsi sithatha i-2/3 yomthamo wamanzi opheleleyo kuLwandle lweCaspian.

Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi unokufunda ngakumbi malunga nolwandle lwase-Asiya kunye neempawu zabo.