Utshintsho lwemozulu luneziphumo ezibi kumakhenkcekazi ehlabathi jikelele. Ukonyuka kwamaqondo obushushu ehlabathi aveliswa ngumoya wegesi ekrwada (greenhouse gas) ezandleni zomntu, kubangela ukunyibilika komkhenkce omkhulu omkhenkce kwihlabathi jikelele.
Ukunciphisa iimpembelelo zotshintsho lwemozulu kwiingingqi ezibandayo, i-World Meteorological Organisation (WMO) isungule umkhankaso phucula ukujongwa nokuxelwa kwangaphambili kweziphumo kumkhenkce. Ngale ndlela, imingcipheko yendalo esingqongileyo inokucuthwa kwaye nemisebenzi yoqoqosho kwiipali inokukhuthazwa.
Ukufundwa komngcipheko wokusingqongileyo weepali
Uthungelwano malunga ne-200 yenzululwazi lucebe ukufunda ngononophelo umngcipheko wokusingqongileyo wotshintsho lwemozulu kwizibonda kule minyaka mibini izayo. Ngale nto, injongo kukuphucula iinkqubo zemozulu kunye nomkhenkce wolwandle kunye neemeko zeAntarctic. Le yeyona mimandla incinci eyaziwayo kwihlabathi, ke ngoko kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba wazi ukuba utshintsho lwemozulu kunye nokufudumala kwehlabathi kuyichaphazela njani le mimandla.
I-arhente yemozulu yeZizwe eziManyeneyo iya kuseka amaxesha athile okujonga kwiipali ukwandisa ukongamela kunye nokujonga iziphumo zotshintsho lwemozulu kwiipali. Iziko laseArgentina iAntarctic kunye neAlfred Wegener Institute yaseJamani, phakathi kwamanye amahlakani asuka kwihlabathi liphela, baya kuthatha inxaxheba kolu hlolo kunye nokujonga.
Injongo Kukufunda ubusika nehlobo le-2018 eMantla, kwaye kwelinye icala, ezinye iingcali ziya kufunda ubusika be-2019 eSouth Pole. Iinzululwazi ezingama-200 ziya kwahlulahlula nzulu ukuze zifunde nzulu iipali ezimbini zomhlaba.
Iinjongo zesicwangciso
Iinjongo eziphambili zesi sicwangciso sophando kukunciphisa umngcipheko wokusingqongileyo kwiipali, eziveliswe ikakhulu kukutshintsha kwemozulu kunye nokwanda kwamaqondo obushushu aphakathi kwihlabathi, kunye nokwandisa amandla okuphendula kwiintlekele ezinokuthi zenzeke. kwiminyaka ezayo. Kuphononongo lwazo zonke izinto ezinokuchaphazela uzinzo lweepali, kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo ukuba kukho ukugcwala ngakumbi nangakumbi kwezorhwebo kwimimandla esecaleni. Koko kukuthi, Ukuhamba ngolwandle kubangela iimpembelelo ezithile kuzinzo lwendalo. Kungenxa yoko le nto ukugcwala kolwandle kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba kuthathelwe ingqalelo xa kufundwa uqikelelo lweziphumo ezibondeni.
Izazinzulu ziye zakugxininisa ukubaluleka kokuba sikwazi ukwazi nokuqonda ngcono ubudlelwane nonxibelelwano olukhoyo phakathi kweepali kunye nehlabathi liphela. Oku kubalulekile kuba zizibonda ezimisela ubushushu behlabathi. Ukuba akunjalo kubo, kwaye kwinqanaba lokuba ukunyuka kweegesi zokushisa kwi-planethi kuyanda, amaqondo obushushu aphakathi komhlaba aya kuba phezulu kakhulu.
Ukongeza, izazinzulu zineenkqubo zokujonga ezisekwe kwiimodeli ezinamazinga omkhenkce aphezulu kakhulu kunemozulu yemveli kunye neenkqubo zokuqikelela imozulu.
Izixhobo ezintsha
Ukuqala ngokujonga nokuqikelela iziphumo zemozulu kwiipali, iingcali zilungiselela ukufaka izitishi ezintsha ezinokulungelelanisa iindlela zophando. Phakathi kwezikhululo ezitsha ekufuneka zibekwe, sifumana ukuthunyelwa kweeboys, ukumiliselwa kweebhaluni zeprojekhthi, ukusetyenziswa kweesathelayithi kunye neenqwelomoya.
Ukugxila kuya kuba kwimeko yomkhenkce wolwandle kwiNdlela yoLwandle ekuMantla nakuLwandle olusemazantsi ejikeleze iAntarctica kunye nendlela ulwandle olunxibelelana ngayo nomoya ojikeleze umhlaba. Ngale nto, kunokwenzeka ukuba ujonge ukubuyela umva komkhenkce kunye nendlela ekuchaphazela ngayo ezinye iimeko zokusingqongileyo ezenza i-ecosystems, ezinje nge-El Niño phenomenon, echaphazela amaqondo obushushu kwihlabathi liphela.