Kunyaka ngamnye Kukho malunga neentsuku ezingama-30 xa ukukhuselwa lilanga kusiba yimfuneko ngakumbi ngaphezu kokukhetha. Ngeli xesha, amaqondo obushushu aphezulu kakhulu kangangokuba ufuna ukuchitha usuku elunxwemeni okanye ukunyuka intaba, ewe, usoloko uzisa ukukhuselwa lilanga, kuba kungenjalo unokugqibela ngokutsha.
Eli xesha laziwa njenge ICanelula, kwaye iqhuba phakathi kukaJulayi 15 no-Agasti 15. Kodwa livela phi igama? Kwaye kutheni lelona xesha lishushu enyakeni?
Imbali yeCanelula
Inkwenkwezi uSirius (ngasekhohlo).
Kwiminyaka eliwaka eyadlulayo, ngakumbi ama-5.300 XNUMX, Elona xesha litshisayo lonyaka lingqamene nokunyuka okungapheliyo kweqela leCanis Major, kunye nokunyuka kwenkwenkwezi uSirius. Kodwa inyani kukuba kule mihla akunjalo. Ngapha koko, ngenxa yemvume ye-axis yoMhlaba, uSirius ubonakala njengeyona nkwenkwezi ibalaseleyo ekuqaleni kukaSeptemba, ngelixa elona xesha lishushu liqala ngoJuni 21.
Livelaphi igama?
Ixesha livela ngo-o ikanis NgesiLatini oko kuthetha 'inja'. Ibhekisa kwikroza leCanis Major, kuba inkwenkwezi uSirius (ekwabizwa ngokuba yi "The Scorching" inkwenkwezi yayiqaqamba kakhulu esibhakabhakeni sasebusuku ngexesha lelona lishushu eMntla weIkhweyitha. Nokuba ibinzana elithi "ngemini yenja eyadlulayo" linokunxulumana neli gama.
Kutheni le nto ixesha lokuhambisa lishushu?
Singacinga ukuba elona xesha lishushu kakhulu lonyaka liqala nge-21 kaJuni kuMantla eIkhweyitha kwaye nge-21 kaDisemba kwiZantsi leKhwezi, nge-solstice yehlobo, kodwa inyani kukuba ayisiyiyo. Ngoba? Ngezinto ezahlukeneyo: ukutyekela nokujikeleza kweplanethi yomhlaba, imitha yelanga kunye nefuthe lolwandle.
Iplanethi, njengoko sisazi, ukongeza ekujikeni ngokwayo, nayo itsala kancinci. Ngokungena kwelanga ehlotyeni, imitha yelanga ifikelela kuthi ngqo, ngokuthe ngqo, kodwa ulwandle luyaqhubeka nokufudumala; Ngapha koko, umhlaba sele uqalile ukufunxa ubushushu. Ngesi sizathu, kwiiveki ezimbalwa unokuhlala kakuhle ngaphandle, ukusukela oko ulwandle luhlaziya umoya. Kodwa oku akuhlali thuba lide. NgoJulayi 15 okanye njalo, amanzi olwandle aya kube efudumele ngokwaneleyo ukukhahlela kwiintsuku ezingama-30 zobushushu obukhulu.
Kwiindawo apho imozulu iyilizwekazi, isiphumo asibonakali kangako, ke amaqondo obushushu aphezulu anyuka ngaphambili. Ngokuchasene noko, kwiindawo ezinemozulu epholileyo, ngakumbi kwiindawo ezingaselunxwemeni, kuvakala kakhulu.
Ngaba ubushushu buhamba njengobushushu?
Elona xesha lishushu, singalibiza ngokuba bubushushu ... kodwa oku akuyi kuchaneka ngokupheleleyo. Amaza obushushu abhekisa kwiintsuku ezingama-30 apho ilanga linamandla ngakumbi, kodwa amaza obushushu ziziganeko zemozulu ezibonakaliswa koku kulandelayo:
- Amaqondo obushushu aphezulu aphezulu kunye namaqondo aphezulu agqitha kwimiyinge ebhalwe kule ndawo yomhla ochaphazelekayo. Kuya kuxhomekeka kwindawo leyo ukuba ubushushu buthathelwa ingqalelo "njengesiqhelo" okanye "ngokungaqhelekanga". Umzekelo, kwizixeko ezinjengeCórdoba ixabiso lama-37ºC ngo-Agasti lithathwa njengesiqhelo, kodwa eValladolid umntu angathetha ngamaza obushushu.
- Ubuncinane beentsuku ezi-4. Amaqondo obushushu kufuneka ahlale ephezulu kune-avareji iintsuku ezimbalwa, kuba ngosuku olunye umzimba womntu awuboni mpembelelo yobushushu; Kwelinye icala, ukuba yinto ehlala ihleli, izindlu, i-asphalt, yonke into iyatshisa, isenze ukuba sitshintshe indlela esiqhele ukwenza ngayo okanye ide idlule.
- Amaza obushushu achaphazela amaphondo aliqela, ubuncinci. Xa kubhaliswe amaqondo obushushu aphezulu kwisixeko esinye, akukho nto ithi ubushushu buye benzeka apho, kuba ukuze kwenzeke oku bekufanele ukuba kuchaphazele nezinye izixeko needolophu. Amaza ka-2003 ayenzima ngokukodwa ngenxa yobungakanani bawo, kuba achaphazela phantse lonke iYurophu. EDenia, umzekelo, nge-2 ka-Agasti babenama-47,8ºC.
- Ngelishwa ezi zinto zinokubangela ukufa kwabantu ubuthathaka ngakumbi, njengabantwana okanye abantu abadala. Umzekelo, kulandela umjelo ka-2003, bebonke ngabantu abaswelekileyo abali-14.802 kwilizwekazi liphela, nto leyo ebimele ama-55% ngaphezulu.
Ke, iziqendu zobushushu ziyavela ngexesha elibizwa ngokuba yi-heatwave, kodwa azenzeki minyaka le (ezi ziya zisanda kunqabile, ngenxa yobushushu behlabathi).
Indlela yokujamelana nobushushu
Amaqondo obushushu aphezulu, ngakumbi xa edlula ku-30ºC, aya kusinyanzela ukuba sithathe amanyathelo ukuze sikwazi ukuqhubeka nemihla yethu yemihla ngemihla. Eyona ndlela yokuhlangabezana nayo yile ukusela amanzi amaninzi (ubuncinci i-2l / ngosuku), yitya ukukhanya, ukutya okutsha (njengeesaladi kunye neziqhamo umzekelo), kunye gcina umoya wasekhaya nowasemsebenzini.
Ngaba ukhe weva ngeshushu?
«Singacinga ukuba elona xesha lishushu kakhulu lonyaka liqala nge-21 kaJuni (…)«: sicinga ngayo, singacinga ukuba olona suku lushushu nguJuni 21, kuba lolona suku lude, kwaye ukusuka apho uyehla kumaqondo obushushu ukuba zezona ntsuku zimfutshane. Nangona uchazile, oku akunjalo. Kukwenzeka okufanayo nge-21 kaDisemba, ethi nangona ibingumhla wokukhanya kwelanga okuncinci (kumantla e-hemisphere), kuxa kuqala ubusika kwaye akuqhelekanga ukubanda njengangoJanuwari, xa iintsuku zinde.