Ngomhla we-11 kaMatshi ophelileyo, i-2011 iya kuhlala ikhunjulwa ngumntu wonke, ngakumbi ngamaJapan. Lusuku eyenzeka ngalo eyona nyikima inkulu kwimbali yelizwe. Yayiyi-9.1 ngamandla kwisikali se-Richter kwaye yenza i-tsunami yeemitha ezili-15 eyahlasela unxweme lonke lomntla-ntshona weJapan. Ekubeni inyikima yayitshabalalisa, i Iziko lamandla enyukliya iFukushima Daiichi Iphelelwe ngumbane kwaye yabangela ukunyibilika kombindi we-3 ye-6 ye-reactors yayo.
Kweli nqaku siza kuphonononga iminyaka elishumi ukusukela kwingozi yaseFukushima
Ukwenzakala kakhulu
Nangona siye safunda kwiintsilelo kwimbali yonke, kusekho amanxeba amaninzi kunye namanxeba okuphola. I-Fukushima iphawulwe yiyo yonke imbali yamandla enyukliya njengentlekele eyenziwe ngumntu. Kusekho indawo engcolisekileyo eya kuthatha amashumi eminyaka ukuyicoca, isityalo esichithwayo senza izinto ezingaziwayo malunga neengxaki ezinokwenzeka kunye namawaka eecubic metres zenkunkuma enetyhefu eqokelelene ngaphandle kwesisombululo. Kukwakho iingxaki zomthetho kunye nokungawathembi okunzulu koluntu kumandla enyukliya.
Baphantse babe ngama-2.500 abantu abangekabikho ngokusemthethweni. Kubantu ababhubhileyo kongezwa abantu abangama-6.000 abonzakele kakhulu kunye nomonakalo onexabiso malunga ne-235.000 yeebhiliyoni zee-euro ngaphandle kokubandakanya konke ukucocwa kweFukushima Daiichi kunye neendawo eziyingqongileyo. Ngelo xesha, abahlali abasisiqingatha sesigidi bakhutshelwa ngaphandle kwindawo yokukhupha ngenkani yeekhilomitha ezingama-20 malunga nesikhululo samandla enyukliya. Ngoku kukho abantu abangama-36.000 abangekakwazi ukubuyela, nangona abaninzi becinga ukuba elona nani linokuba phezulu kakhulu kunelo elisemthethweni.
Uncedo lukarhulumente kubo bonke abantu ebekufuneka bemke kunye neentetho zabasebenzi beplanti kubo bonke abakhutshiweyo ziphelile. Umonakalo uhlala umbi kakhulu nakwishumi leminyaka emva kwentlekele. Esinye sesixeko sesokuba sasingaphakathi ngokupheleleyo kwindawo yokufuduka enyanzelekileyo kwaye sesona sasibandezeleke kakhulu. Kunqabile ukuba kubekho nabaphi na abantu abakwaziyo ukwakha ngokupheleleyo ubomi babo emva kwale ntlekele.
Emva kwengozi yenyukliya yaseFukushima
Kucacile ukuba intlekele yenyukliya yolu hlobo ivelisa iziphumo ezininzi zengqondo, ngelixa ezinye izifo zomzimba ezifana noxinzelelo lwegazi okanye isifo seswekile ziye zaxhaphaka kakhulu ngenxa yoxinzelelo. Kwindawo yokukhetha kukho I-2.4%, eseyindawo enzima ukubuya ngenxa yobukho benkunkuma eninzi ye-radioactive ezinokubangela ukufa. Kukwakho nokukrokreleka malunga nempilo yeendawo ezithe zavulwa ngeli xesha.
IGreenpeace inike ingxelo yokuba i-85% yayo yonke indawo yokuphelisa iintsholongwane apho urhulumente anoxanduva Isabonisa amanqanaba anetyhefu yecesium enokuba yingozi kubantu abahlala apho. Nangona kunjalo, urhulumente waseJapan uqinisekisa ukuba zonke iingozi zempilo zilawulwa kwaye iindawo ezivulwayo zikhuselekile ngokupheleleyo. Kwenziwa iinzame zokuzisa umyalezo woxolo kwiMidlalo yeOlimpiki ukuze ibe ngumboniso ogqibeleleyo wokubuyiselwa kommandla. Ugqatso lwetotshi yeOlimpiki luza kuqala ekupheleni kwale nyanga eFukushima. Indlela eya eTokyo, iFukushima iya kubamba ukhuphiswano oluninzi. Iingcali zityhila ukuba akukho miphumo iyingozi efunyenweyo kwimpilo yabemi enokunxulunyaniswa nokuchanabeka kwimitha.
Umanyano loluntu
Kulapho umanyano loluntu lungena khona. Kubalulekile ukuba kubekho ubumbano kwicala labantu abangakhange behlelwe yile ntlekele. Abafuduki kufuneka bakhuthazwe ukuba babuye ukusukela eTokyo utyale phantse i-27.000 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi ekungcoliseni ungcoliseko lwezakhiwo, iindlela kunye neminye imiphezulu. Kukwaquke nokususwa kwezigidi zeemitha zesikweri zomgangatho ophezulu womhlaba kunye nezityalo eziye zaqokelelana kwiintaba zeengxowa zeplastiki ezimnyama ezisafuna ukwaziwa ukuba zigcinwe njani kwixesha elide.
Bonke oogunyaziwe bazama ukutsala iinkampani kuwo omabini amacandelo ethekhinoloji nelokuloba, phakathi kwamanye. Ukwakhiwa ngokutsha kweTohoku kubalulekile ukuze yonke iJapan ikwazi ukuvuselelwa. Kufuneka sikhuthaze ukuvuseleleka koqoqosho lonke kunye nabemi. Kunokuthiwa eyona ngxaki inkulu ekhoyo ukuza kuthi ga ngoku kukupheliswa kweFukushima. Kwaye kunjalo Eyona nto iphikisanayo yinkqubo yokususa amafutha atyhidiweyo kwi-reactors. Ingaxabisa malunga ne-750.000 yeebhiliyoni zeedola kwaye ayiyi kugqitywa kude kube ngu-2050.
Olunye uphononongo kunye nophononongo lufumene amanqanaba okusasazeka kwemitha aphezulu kunokulindelekile kukhuselo lwethutyana lwezixhobo ezimbini zereactor. Akukabikho vavanyo lokwenyani lemeko yamafutha anyibilikisiweyo kubugoxo kodwa zonke izicwangciso ezinokwenziwa ziyingozi kakhulu. Abantu abaninzi bacinga ukuba iindaba zithambisa ubuso ukuze abantu bazole.
Namhlanje eyona ngxaki ingxamisekileyo yileyo Akwaziwa ukuba makwenziwe ntoni ngamanzi angcolileyo. Amanzi angcolisekileyo aye asetyenziselwa ukupholisa ii-reactors kwaye avuze kumhlaba ongaphantsi nangona kufakelwe umqobo womkhenkce. Iziko lenyukliya linenkqubo yokulungisa enceda ekupheliseni izinto ezininzi eziyingozi. Nangona kunjalo, ayikwazi ukususa i-tritium, eyi-isotope ye-hydrogen ekhoyo ngokwemvelo kwindalo.
Urhulumente ukhuthaza ukulahla amanzi angcolileyo kwiPasifiki ngokuthe ngcembe kwiminyaka embalwa ezayo, nangona isindululo sifumene inkcaso eqinileyo ngenxa yokuba. Icandelo lokuloba liqala ukuphakamisa intloko kulo mmandla. Ukuba kukhutshiwe amanzi angcolileyo kungakho enye, intlekele embi kakhulu.
Ngako konke oku senza isishwankathelo esifutshane semeko yangoku emva kweminyaka eyi-10 yengozi yaseFukushima.