Utshintsho lwemozulu lubonakala ngakumbi nangakumbi, luyonakala ngakumbi nangakumbi, iziphumo zalo ziya zisiba mandundu, nangona kunjalo, iinzame zokuzinciphisa azenziwa, okanye ubuncinci ngokwaneleyo njengoko kufanelekile.
Njengoko sisazi ngamanye amaxesha, Utshintsho lwemozulu lwonyusa ukuphindaphindeka kunye nokuqina kwamaza obushushu kunye nembalela, Nangona kunjalo, kumajelo eendaba asilivanga igama elithi "ukutshintsha kwemozulu" okanye "ukufudumala kwehlabathi", kodwa sithetha kuphela ngobushushu obungaphezulu okanye obunamandla obungapheliyo. Kuza kwenzeka ntoni xa oku kuqhubeka?
Amaza obushushu ayanda
Ubushushu behlabathi kunye notshintsho lwemozulu lwenzeka ikakhulu ngenxa yokonyuka kokukhutshwa kwegesi ekrwada (greenhouse emissions) ekhutshwa ngabantu ukusukela kwinguqu kwezamashishini. Kuqikelelwa ukuba iipesenti ezingama-74 zabemi behlabathi bazakube bevezwa ngamaza obushushu abulalayo ngonyaka wama-2100. Oku kuqikelelwa ngeeparameter apho ukukhutshwa kwegesi kuqhubeka ukwanda kwinqanaba elifanayo njengoko kusenziwa ngoku. Oku kuye kwapapashwa kwiphephancwadi laseBritani i-Nature.
Uphando, olwenziwe yiDyunivesithi yaseHawaii (i-USA), luqikelela ukuba, nokuba ezi zinto zikhutshiweyo zincitshiswe kakhulu, malunga ne-48% yabemi iya kuchaphazeleka kukunyuka ngequbuliso kwamaqondo obushushu. Ngale ndlela, sisebenzisa ukhetho lwethu kwikamva. Sele namhlanje amaza obushushu ayingozi kakhulu kwinxalenye enkulu yabemi (ngakumbi abantu abadala). Yiyo loo nto, ukuba siqhubeka ngoluhlobo, amathuba okuba kufuneka simelane namaza obushushu aya kuba mancinci.
Amaza obushushu abangela amawakawaka okusweleka kwihlabathi liphela ngonyaka. Ingxaki enkulu enxulunyaniswa namaza obushushu yimbalela. Okufudumeleyo esinako kunye neeyure ezininzi zokukhanya kwelanga, kokukhona amanzi esiba ngumphunga kunye nobuncwane bamanzi obuncinci esinabo. Ke ifuthe lamaza obushushu likhulu kakhulu xa kukho imbalela.
Ukuba ukukhutshwa kwegesi yendlu eluhlaza kuqhubeka kweli nqanaba, amaqondo obushushu aphakathi kwihlabathi aya kuqhubeka nokukhula ngakumbi kwaye akusayi kubakho siVumelwano saseParis esinokusinqanda.
“Umzimba womntu unokusebenza kuphela kuluhlu olumxinwa lwamaqondo obushushu omzimba amalunga nama-37 ngokukaCelsius. Amaza obushushu abeka emngciphekweni omkhulu kubomi babantu kuba amaqondo obushushu aphezulu, anyuswe kukufuma okuphezulu, anokunyusa ubushushu bomzimba kwaye adale iimeko. obeka ubomi esichengeni”, Wongeza uMora, enye yeengcali eziphethe isifundo.
Njengamaqondo obushushu aphezulu ngama-37 degrees, imetabolism yethu ayinako ukubususa ubushushu obuveliswayo xa ubushushu bemo ephezulu bungaphezulu kwama-37 degrees. Ke ngoko, la maqondo obushushu aphezulu abeka emngciphekweni wezempilo, kuba ubushushu bunokwakheka ngaphakathi emzimbeni obangela umonakalo.
Ukufa kunye namaqondo aphezulu obushushu
Uphononongo luqhube uphando ngako konke ukubhubha okubangelwe ziziganeko zamaza obushushu ukusukela ngo-1980. Ngaphezulu kwe-1.900 yamatyala achongiweyo kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zehlabathi apho amaqondo obushushu aphezulu abangele ukubulawa kwabantu. Kubekho ama-783 obushushu obubulalayo kwaye bafumene umqobo weqondo lobushushu kunye nokufuma apho, ukusukela apho, iziphumo kwezempilo zibulalayo. Indawo yeplanethi apho iimeko zemozulu zigqitha ngaphaya komyinge weentsuku ezingama-20 okanye nangaphezulu ngonyaka inyukile kule minyaka idlulileyo, kwaye izazinzulu zikholelwa ekubeni izakuqhubeka nokukhula nanjengoko kuncitshiswa ukukhutshwa kwegesi.
Imizekelo ebonelelwe ziingcali ibandakanya ubushushu obabetha iYurophu ngo-2003 kwaye babulala malunga ne-70.000 yokufa, eyachaphazela iMoscow (iRussia) ngo-2010 yabulala abantu abayi-10.000 1995 okanye leyo yaseChicago ngo-700. , eyafikelela kubantu abangama-XNUMX. Ngoku, Ngokujikeleze i-30% yabemi behlabathi bayachaphazeleka kwezi meko zibulalayo unyaka nonyaka.
Yile nto ibangela ukutshintsha kwemozulu kunye neenzame zokuyinciphisa ziyancipha.