Ukutshintsha kwemozulu kubhekiselele kutshintsho lwexesha elide kwiipateni zemozulu yehlabathi oluthi ubukhulu becala lubalelwa kwizinto ezenziwa ngabantu, ngokukodwa ukukhutshwa kweegesi zegreenhouse emoyeni. Zininzi amaxwebhu okutshintsha kwemozulu ezinceda ukwazisa umbukeli ngeengxaki zokusingqongileyo zehlabathi.
Ngesi sizathu, siza kunikezela eli nqaku ukuze sikuxelele ukuba ngawaphi amaxwebhu angcono okutshintsha kwemozulu akhoyo ukuze ukwazi ukufumanisa ngayo yonke le nto ingcono kakhulu.
Umhlaba uye wahlangabezana notshintsho lwemozulu kwimbali yawo, kodwa le nto sijongene nayo ngoku yahlukile ngenxa yesantya kunye nobungakanani botshintsho. Izazinzulu zibhale ukunyuka okubalulekileyo kwi-avareji yobushushu boMhlaba, ngokunjalo utshintsho kwiipateni zemvula, ukuqina kunye nokuphindaphinda kwezehlo zemozulu ezigqithisileyo, kunye nokunyuka komphakamo wolwandle.
Iigesi ze<em>greenhouse, njenge<em>carbon dioxide, i<em>methane, ne<em>nitrous oxide, ziveliswa ngabantu, njengokutshiswa kwamafutha eefosili nokutshatyalaliswa kwamahlathi. Ezi gesi zibamba ubushushu kwiatmosfera kwaye zibangela ukunyuka kobushushu behlabathi. Oku kunyuka kwamaqondo obushushu kuneziphumo ezibalulekileyo kwiinkqubo zendalo, kubandakanywa nokuguqulwa kwemijikelo ye-hydrological kunye nokufuduka kweentlobo.
Ukutshintsha kwemozulu kwakhona kuneziphumo zoqoqosho nezentlalo, ezifana ukusilela kwezityalo, ukunyuka kweendleko ze-inshorensi kunye neziseko zophuhliso, kunye nokufuduka ngenkani ngenxa yezikhukula kunye nokunqongophala kwezixhobo.
Ukujongana nokutshintsha kwemozulu, kuyimfuneko ukuthatha inyathelo kumntu ngamnye, ishishini kunye namanqanaba karhulumente ukunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwegesi ye-greenhouse kunye nokwandisa ukunyamezela kwiimpembelelo zokutshintsha kwemozulu. Oku kunokubandakanya ukutshintshela kwimithombo yamandla ahlaziyekayo, ukukhuthaza iindlela zokulima ezizinzileyo, nokutyala imali kwiziseko ezingundoqo ezikwaziyo ukumelana nemozulu.
Awona maxwebhu angcono okutshintsha kwemozulu
Kukho intaphane yamaxwebhu okutshintsha kwemozulu akhoyo ukuze ubukele, kodwa amanye abalaseleyo abandakanya:
- "Inyaniso engafanelekanga" (2006): Ikhokelwa nguDavis Guggenheim kwaye isingathwe ngowayesakuba nguSekela Mongameli wase-US u-Al Gore, le ngxelo yingxelo yokuvusa malunga nokutshintsha kwemozulu kunye neempembelelo zayo kwihlabathi liphela.
- "Ngaphambi komkhukula" (2016): Ikhokelwa kwaye isingathwe ngumdlali weqonga uLeonardo DiCaprio, le ngxelo iphonononga iimpembelelo zokutshintsha kwemozulu kwihlabathi jikelele kwaye inika izisombululo ezinokubakho zokuyilungisa.
- «Ukuleqa umkhenkce» (2012): Elawulwa nguJeff Orlowski, le ngxelo ilandela umfaki-zithombe wendalo uJames Balog njengoko ebhala ukunyamalala ngokukhawuleza kwee-glaciers ngenxa yokutshintsha kwemozulu.
- "Ukuziphatha okubi" (2014): Ekhokelwa nguKip Andersen kunye noKeegan Kuhn, le ngxelo ihlola impembelelo yoshishino lwemfuyo ekutshintsheni kwemozulu kunye nendlela ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwemveliso yezilwanyana kunokuba nefuthe elibalulekileyo ekunciphiseni ukukhutshwa kwegesi eluhlaza.
- "Ixesha lobutyhakala" (2009): Ekhokelwa nguFranny Armstrong, le ngxelo ibonisa umbono wexesha elizayo malunga nokuba ihlabathi linokubukeka njani kwi-2055 ukuba inyathelo elibalulekileyo alithathwanga ukulungisa utshintsho lwemozulu.
La maxwebhu anikezela ngombono oxabisekileyo malunga nokutshintsha kwemozulu kunye neempembelelo zayo emhlabeni jikelele, kwaye kunokuba luncedo ekufundiseni abantu malunga nesidingo sokuthatha inyathelo lokujongana nale ngxaki yehlabathi.
Ukubaluleka kweengxelo
Amaxwebhu okutshintsha kwemozulu abalulekile kuba anokuba sisixhobo esibalulekileyo sokufundisa nokwazisa abantu ngobunyani bokutshintsha kwemozulu kunye neempembelelo zayo kwihlabathi. Ngokunikezela ngolwazi kunye nobungqina obuvela kwiingcali zemiba ethile, la maxwebhu anganceda ukwazisa ngobunzulu bengxaki kunye nesidingo senyathelo elingxamisekileyo lokuyilungisa.
Ngaphezu koko, ii-documentaries zinokunika imbono ekhethekileyo malunga nokutshintsha kwemozulu, njengoko banokubonisa indlela ingxaki echaphazela ngayo abantu abathile kunye noluntu emhlabeni jikelele. Oku kunokusebenza ngakumbi ekwakheni uvelwano kunye nokuqonda phakathi koluntu, ukukhuthaza abantu ukuba bathathe inyathelo lokunciphisa i-carbon footprint yabo kunye nokuphembelela oorhulumente kunye neenkampani ukuba zamkele izenzo ezizinzileyo.
Amaxwebhu anokuba sisixhobo esibalulekileyo sokukhuthaza isenzo sezopolitiko nezentlalo. Ngokubonisa iziphumo zokutshintsha kwemozulu kunye nemizamo yabantu kunye noluntu ukuyilungisa, la maxwebhu angakhuthaza ababukeli ukuba bathathe inxaxheba kwezopolitiko kunye nokusebenza, kunye nokusebenzela inguqu enentsingiselo kumlo ochasene nokutshintsha kwemozulu.
Amaxwebhu okutshintsha kwemozulu sisixhobo esibalulekileyo sokufundisa nokukhuthaza abantu malunga nengxaki yokutshintsha kwemozulu, kwaye banokudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuhlanganiseni isenzo soluntu kunye nezopolitiko ukujongana nalo mngeni wehlabathi.
Eminye imizekelo yamaxwebhu okutshintsha kwemozulu
Nantsi eminye imizekelo yamaxwebhu okutshintsha kwemozulu efanele ukujongwa:
- "I-Great Melt" (2006): Ikhokelwa nguMark Terry, le ngxelo iphonononga iimpembelelo zokutshintsha kwemozulu kumkhenkce wehlabathi, ebonisa ukuhla okukhawulezileyo kwezi zidumbu zinkulu zomkhenkce nokuba oku kubachaphazela njani abantu kunye nezilwanyana zasendle.
- "Ixabiso lamandla" (2008): Ekhokelwa nguRichard Smith, le ngxelo ihlola imboni yamandla yehlabathi kunye nendlela eguquka ngayo ekuphenduleni utshintsho lwemozulu, ukuhlola izisombululo ezinokwenzeka kunye nemiqobo ekuphunyezweni kwazo.
- "Ngomhla emva kwengomso" (2004): Ikhokelwa nguRoland Emmerich, lo mboniso bhanyabhanya ubalaseleyo ubonisa umbono oyintsomi kodwa owoyikisayo wendlela ihlabathi elinokujongeka ngayo kwixesha elizayo elingekude ukuba utshintsho lwemozulu alulungiswanga ngokwaneleyo.
- "Ukuzingela iCarbon" (2017): Ekhokelwa nguTom Mustill, le ngxelo ilandela umenzi wefilimu kunye ne-activist uGeorge Monbiot njengoko ehamba ihlabathi efuna izisombululo ezintsha zokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwegesi eluhlaza kunye nokujongana nokutshintsha kwemozulu.
- "Ishishini lokuphela" (2018): Ikhokelwa nguKeegan Kuhn kunye neCowspiracy, le ngxelo iphonononga impembelelo yokutshintsha kwemozulu kwizinto eziphilayo kunye nokubaluleka kolondolozo lwendalo ekulweni nokutshintsha kwemozulu.
La maxwebhu abonisa iimbono ezahlukeneyo malunga nokutshintsha kwemozulu, ukusuka ekuphononongeni izisombululo ezintsha kunye nemiqobo ukuya ekuphunyezweni ukuya ekuboniseni iimpembelelo ezibonakalayo kubomi babantu kunye neentlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo. Ukubukela la maxwebhu kungaba yindlela ebalulekileyo yokwazisa ngobuzaza bengxaki kunye nokukhuthaza inyathelo lokulwa nokutshintsha kwemozulu.
Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi unokufunda ngakumbi malunga namaxwebhu okutshintsha kwemozulu kunye nokubaluleka kokuwabukela.