Umngxunya okweyile ye-ozone phantse waziwa kwihlabathi liphela. Iigesi zegreenhouse ezibizwa ngokuba zii-chlorofluorocarbons (ii-CFC) ziye zehlisa uxinzelelo lweozone kwingingqi yeAntarctic. Kwi-1992 yasekwa iProtokholi yaseMontreal apho ukukhutshwa kwezi gesi kwakungavumelekanga.
Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, umngxunya okwe-ozone umile okokuqala emhlabeni kwaye ubonakalisa iimpawu zokuchacha, enkosi kolu pheliso lokukhutshwa kwezi gesi ziyitshabalalisayo. Injani imbonakalo yeozone kwindawo esikuyo?
Ukunciphisa umngxunya we-ozone
Le datha imele impumelelo epheleleyo xa kuthathelwa ingqalelo imeko yomaleko we-ozone kwihlabathi liphela. Enkosi kufutshane 99% yezinto eziphelisa i-ozone ziyekile ukukhutshelwa kwiatmosfera, umngxunya oselalini ye-ozone uyachacha. Ukuba oku bekungenzekanga - kuyaqhubeka - ukonyuka kwamanqanaba emitha yelanga, ebangelwe kukutshatyalaliswa kocingo lweozone, ngekhe kungahambelani nobomi.
Nangona ezi zindaba ezimnandi, akukhuselekanga ukuyekisa umlindi wakho kwaye uqhubeke nokusebenza kwiimodeli zemozulu ezinceda ngozinzo lweozone layer.
Iziphumo zobushushu bomhlaba
Ubushushu bukazwe lonke ibangele ukwanda kweqondo lobushushu kumphezulu weplanethi (troposphere), kodwa ikwakhokelele ekupholiseni kumaleko aphezulu e-atmosfera (stratosphere), eguqulela kukunyusa okunamandla komoya oshushu osuka kwi-ikhweyitha uye kwizibonda.
Ngombulelo kukonyuka kokuhamba komoya, ioksijini eninzi itofelwe kumaleko aphezulu eatmosfera, athi ekugqibeleni aguqulwe abe yiozone. Yiyo loo nto imveliso ye-ozone iphezulu. Ke ngoko, ukuvela kocingo lweozone Kuxhomekeka kuhlobo lomoya ojikelezayo xa sinciphisa ubushushu behlabathi ngesiVumelwano saseParis.
Uqikelelo lwemozulu kumbindi wale nkulungwane u "nciphisa" umaleko kwimimandla yeikhweyitha kunye nokuqina kunokuba zazikho ngaphambili kwizinga eliphakathi neliphezulu, elinokuchaphazela ngokupheleleyo ilizwekazi laseYurophu, ngeziganeko ezizodwa kumazwe aseNordic.
Kuba iigesi zegreenhouse zibangela utshintsho kwi-ozone chemistry, ukukhutshwa kwee-hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) ezisetyenziswa kwizifriji nakwiziphephetha-moya kufuneka zithintelwe.