Xa sibona Ukulungelelanisa imephu Kuya kufuneka siyazi ukuba siyitolika njani kuba inokusinika ulwazi oluninzi malunga neendawo ezibonisa zona. Le mephu isebenzisa inkqubo yolungelelwaniso lendawo, eyinkqubo ebhekisa nakweyiphi na indawo emhlabeni. Ukwenza oku, isebenzisa ii-angular coordinates ezimbini, ezibanzi nobude.
Ukuba ufuna ukwazi ukutolika imephu yokudibanisa kwaye kubaluleke kangakanani, yile post yakho.
Yintoni imephu yokulungelelanisa
Imephu yolungelelwaniso isebenzisa inkqubo yolungelelwaniso lendawo enezilungelelaniso ezimbini zeengalo: latitude, ebonisa umntla, umzantsi olungileyo, kunye nobude, engabonisi empuma okanye entshona. Ukuba sifuna ukwazi ii-angles zomhlaba zomhlaba ngokubhekisele kumbindi womhlaba, kufuneka silungelelanise ne-axis yawo yokujikeleza.
Ukwazi ukuba yintoni imephu yokulungelelanisa, kufuneka sazi ezinye zeekhonsepthi ezisisiseko. Into yokuqala kukwazi ukuba zeziphi izinto ezifanayo. I-Ecuador yisekisi ecingelwayo ethe ngqo kwi-axis yokujikeleza komhlaba. Ke ngoko, sisangqa esinye. Ukongeza, Inempawu eziphambili zokuba ilingana kwiipali kwaye yiyo eyahlula iplanethi yethu ibe ziihemispheres ezimbini. Kwinxalenye esemantla sinesentla, esine-hemisphere esusela kwi-Equator ukuya kwipali esemantla. Kwelinye icala, sinesimo esisemazantsi esisemazantsi esisuka kwiIkhweyitha ukuya kwipali esemazantsi. Kwipali esemazantsi yiAntarctica.
Zombini emantla nasemazantsi e-Ecuador kukho ukufana kwaye zilandelelana kwezangqa ezincinci ze-Ecuador. Ezi zangqa okanye ezentelekelelo kwaye ziba ncinane njengoko zisondela kwiipali. Umgama phakathi kwesangqa ngasinye uyafana, ke oko kwaziwa ngokuba kukufana.
Ukufana ngokukodwa kwimephu yokulungelelanisa
Siza kuchaza ukuba zeziphi izinto ezifanayo ezifanayo kwimephu yokulungelelanisa. Ezona ziphambili esinazo yi-tropic yomhlaza kunye ne-tropic ye-capricorn. Ezi zinto zimbini zihambelanayo zezona ziphawula ezona ndawo zingasentla nezikumazantsi eIkhweyitha. Kwezi ndawo kulapho imitha yelanga iwe ngokuthe nkqo. Oko kukuthi, zezona ndawo ziphakamileyo neziphakamileyo ezinokuthi ilanga likwazi ukufikelela kuzo ekuhambeni kwalo okubonakalayo konyaka.
Ngoko ke, Siyazi ukuba i-solstice yehlobo iphakathi kuka-Juni 21 no-22. Ngale mini ilanga libonakala ngokuthe ngqo kwi-tropic yomhlaza kwaye lithe ngqo kumhlaba wonke. Kwelinye icala, kwi-tropic yaseCapricorn imitha yelanga ihlala ihambelana nomhlaba ngexesha lobusika, malunga ne-23 kaDisemba.
Ezinye izinto ezimbini ezifanayo yiArctic Circle kunye neAntarctic Circle. Ezi zezona ziphawula iindawo ezisemantla nezisezantsi ze-Ecuador apho ilanga lingatshoni esibhakabhakeni okanye ngokuthe ngqo lingaphumi. Kulapha apho sineentsuku ezipheleleyo ngaphandle kobusuku okanye ubusuku obugcweleyo ngaphandle kwemini. Ukusuka kwezo zangqa usiya kwiipali ezahlukeneyo, inani leentsuku kwaye lonyuka kuphela kwaye linciphe de kube kwinqanaba apho izibonda zilandela iinyanga ezi-6 zobumnyama kunye nezinye iinyanga ezi-6 zokukhanya. Izangqa zePolar zikumgama ofanayo ukusuka kwizibonda njengeetropiki zeIkhweyitha.
Meridians kwimephu yokudibanisa
Eminye imiba ebalulekileyo yemephu yokulungelelanisa zii-meridians. Iimeridians ziisemicircles ezidlula kwiipali kwaye zijolise kwi-Equator. Masingakulibali ukuba zonke ezi zinto kwimephu yolungelelwaniso ziyingcinga. Zisetyenziselwa kuphela ukuseka izilungelelwaniso kwinqanaba. Imeridiya nganye inezicangci ezibini, enye inemeridi ekuthethwa ngayo kwaye enye imeridiya echaseneyo. Impuma ibekwe empuma ye-meridian ethathelwa ingqalelo kwaye entshona imi ngasentshona.
Iidridi ezi-0 zezona zidlulayo IGreenwich Observatory ebekwe eLondon, ke yaziwa ngegama leGreenwich meridian. Le meridian yile yahlulahlula umhlaba ube zii-hemispheres ezimbini: empuma okanye empuma ye-hemisphere ebekwe empuma ye-meridian kunye nasentshona okanye empuma ye-hemisphere ebekwe ngasentshona kuyo.
Ububanzi kunye nobude
Ezi zinto zimbini zibaluleke kakhulu kwimephu yokudibanisa. Nayiphi na indawo emhlabeni ingabhekiswa ekudibaneni kwendlela efanayo kunye ne-meridian. Kulapho kuvela ulungelelwaniso lobude kunye nobude. Ububanzi bubonelela ngendawo yendawo nokuba yeyasemantla okanye emazantsi ukusuka kwi-Equator. Ichazwe ngemilinganiselo ye-angular eyahluka ukusuka kwi-0 ukuya kwi-90 degrees. Kubhekiswa kuyo njengedigri ezisemantla kunye needigri emazantsi. Ukuba siphatha umgca osuka kwindawo oya embindini wenqanaba, i-engile eyakhiwa ngulo mgca ngesicwangciso seikhweyitha iya kuba bubude belo nqaku.
Iidigri zobubanzi zihlala zahlulwe ngokulinganayo. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokuthambeka okuncinci kweplanethi kwindawo yeepali, ibangela inqanaba lobubanzi ukuba bahluke.
Kwelinye icala sinobude. I-Longitude yeyiphi ebonelela indawo yendawo phakathi kwempuma okanye ulwalathiso olusentshona ukusuka kwisalathiso se-meridian esaziwa ngokuba yiGreenwich meridian. Ibonakalisiwe ukusuka kwixabiso lama-0 ukuya kuma-180 degrees, ebhekisa kwimpuma okanye entshona. Ngelixa inqanaba lobubanzi lihambelana nomgama ophantse wafana, okufanayo akwenzeki ngenqanaba lobude. Kungenxa yokuba izangqa apho silinganisela khona lo mgama ziyajinga ezipalini. E-Ecuador kukho isidanga sobude obulingana nomgama we-11132 yeekhilomitha kunye Sisiphumo sokwahlula umjikelo weIkhweyitha ngamaqondo angama-360 anesijikelezo somhlaba.
Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi ungafunda ngakumbi malunga nendlela yokutolikwa kwemephu.