Ngokungafaniyo nonyaka ka-2017 esiwushiye njengowona ushushu ukusukela ngo-1965 nowesibini owomileyo, unyaka ka-2018 ungene ngemvula eninzi elizweni lonke, udlula umndilili oqhelekileyo.
Imvula ikuphucule ukusilela kwamanzi ngandlela ithile, nangona sisekude kunesiqhelo. Injani indawo yokugcina amanzi emva kweemvula nokuwa kwekhephu?
Imvula engakumbi
U-2018 uqalile ngemvula eninzi elizweni lonke, iphezulu kakhulu kunamaxabiso aqhelekileyo kwiintsuku zokuqala zikaJanuwari. Imvula enamandla eyenzekileyo kunye nokuwa kwekhephu kwenzeka ekupheleni kukaDisemba kuye kwanceda ukunciphisa ukusilela kwamanzi eSpain aqokelele ukusukela ekuqaleni konyaka we-hydrological phantse ngamanqaku ali-10.
Umyinge wepesenti wamanzi amdaka eSpain Ikhuphukile ukusuka kwi-35% ukuya kwi-45%. Ngeli xesha, kwi-2017, besikwi-50% kunye ne-10 kwiminyaka eyadlulayo kuma-60%. Ukusuka kwinto onokuyibona ukuba sikude kangakanani kumaxabiso aqhelekileyo, kuba sithetha ngamaxabiso aphakathi.
Imvula yenzeke phantse kuyo yonke indawo yommandla, ngaphandle komntla weCastilla y León, empuma yeCastilla-La Mancha kunye neAndalusia kunye nommandla weLevante, ngokweenkcukacha ezihlanganiswe kwi-State Meteorological Agency (Aemet).
Izixa ezikhulu kuneelitha ezili-10 kwimitha yesikwere ziye zaqokelelwa kuninzi usingasiqithi nakwii-archipelagos. Kuwo wonke umda osentshona weAndalusia, iinkqubo zoMbindi kunye neIberia nakulo lonke usingasiqithi osemantla, oqala eGalicia ukuya eGerona, kuye kwakho igqithe ukuya kuthi ga kwiilitha ezingama-30 kwimitha nganye nganye.
Elona nani libalaseleyo lemvula eliqokelelweyo ziilitha ezili-100 kwimitha nganye nganye ezoyisiweyo kwiindawo ezikwanti kumaphondo ePontevedra naseLa Coruña, kwiindawo zaseCantabria nasemantla eGuipúzcoa naseNavarra.
Kufuneka ukhunjulwe ukuba idatha ye-Aemet ihlaziywa ngoJanuwari 11. Kusafuneka babe nomhla kuwo wonke umyinge wamanzi ofikelela kumadama emithombo engundoqo yemilambo efanayo.
Thelekisa no-2017
Xa kuthelekiswa nedatha yeli xesha lonyaka ka-2017 (yayiyeyona yesibini yayishushu kwaye ifudumele okoko ngo-1965), i-2018 iqale kakhulu imvula. Ukungabikho kwemvula eqokelelweyo ngo-2017 iyenze mandundu imeko yembalela kwaye kwakhokelela ekwehleni okuqhubekayo kwinqanaba lamadama.
UMphathiswa wezoLimo nokuLoba, ukutya nokusiNgqongileyo uyixabisile imvula ngoJanuwari kwaye uqaphele ukuba le mvula ivumelekile ukuba isuke ukusilela kwamanzi ngeepesenti ezingama-44,9 ukuya kuma-35,5 ekhulwini. Imvula esele yenzekile iya kunceda ngokukodwa ukukhula kokutya kunye nendawo yonke ebaleni.
Nangona kungafuneki sibunciphise ubuqili bethu okwangoku, kuba sikude kakhulu kwixabiso eliqhelekileyo lamanzi angamanzi. Ukonga amanzi kubalulekile ukuba sifuna ukugcina imithombo yamanzi.
Izicwangciso zembalela
Ukunciphisa imbalela, uRhulumente ukhuthaze kwiinyanga nje ezidlulileyo ipakethe yemisebenzi yongxamiseko, kwaye phakathi kwezi, iintshukumo eziye zavumela ukuhlanganisa iihektometri ezingama-350 ezongezelelweyo kwizitya zeSegura naseJúcar, abo bathwaxwa kakhulu luxinzelelo lwamanzi.
Ukusukela ngoMeyi ka-2016 ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, uRhulumente ebesenza amanyathelo okuphelisa imbalela kwizithili zaseSegura naseJúcar. Yayo, ngaphezulu kwe-83 yezigidi zeerandi zabelwe. Imbalela yingxaki enkulu kubemi.
Amanzi kufuneka asuswe apho angakhona, kuba engani. Ke ngoko, i-17,3 yezigidi zeerandi zabelwe phakathi kwe-2015 kunye ne-2017 yokunyusa inani lamanzi anetyuwa. Ukongeza, ukuphucula ukunkcenkceshela kunye nokwenza ubungakanani bamanzi asetyenzisiweyo kwezolimo, i-60,7 yezigidi zeerandi zabelwe amanyathelo, ngakumbi eHuesca, León naseValencia.
Ukuze ungathobi amandla, uMphathiswa usungule iphulo lokwazisa ngokusingqongileyo malunga nokusetyenziswa kwamanzi ngesiqubulo esithi “Amanzi asinika ubomi. Masikhathalele.