El Imozulu eyomileyo Ikwabizwa ngokuba yimozulu yasentlango. Ngumbuzo wohlobo lwemozulu yawo eyona nto iphambili kuyo kukusilela kwemvula yonyaka. Inesixa semvula kuphela esivela kwi-300 mm unyaka wonke. Olunye lweempawu eziphambili zale mozulu linqanaba layo eliphezulu lokunyuka komphunga.
Kule nqaku siza kukuxelela zonke iimpawu, imvelaphi, indawo, iintyatyambo kunye nezilwanyana zemozulu eyomileyo.
Iimpawu eziphambili
Luhlobo lwemozulu apho i-evapotranspiration iphezulu. I-evapotranspiration ayisekho Kunokuphulukana nokufuma okubeka umphezulu kwindawo ngenxa yokonyuka kolophu ngokuthe ngqo. Ukongeza, kufuneka sidibanise ukuguqulelwa kwamanzi zizityalo ezikwezi ndawo. Isiphumo sonyuko lwamanzi kunye notshintsho kwizityalo saziwa ngokuba ngumphunga. Le nto ibangela ukuba isixa semvula sihlale kumazinga asezantsi kakhulu unyaka wonke.
Le nkqubo inokukhula ngenxa yendlela isiqabu sendawo esinayo, ngenxa yothotho lwemisinga ebandayo yaselwandle yezo zithintela ukonyuka kolophu kunye nokonakalisa amanqanaba okufuma. Zonke ezi zinto zivelisa indalo eyaziwa ngokuba ziintlango ezingaselunxwemeni. Ezi ndawo zihlala zibekwe kufutshane neetropiki. Ingaphezulu okanye incinci kububanzi obuphakathi kwe-35 kunye ne-15 degrees. Ukongeza, kwezi ndawo kukho iintlobo ezahlukileyo zezityalo nezilwanyana eziye zakwazi ukwenza uhlengahlengiso olwahlukileyo ukuze zihlale kwezi meko zigqithileyo.
Ezi ntlango zihlala kubhekiswa kuzo njengoko zinesixa esikhulu sesanti kunye namaqondo obushushu ashushu kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, imeko yemozulu eyomileyo inokukhula nakwiindawo ezibandayo ezinjengeAntarctica kunye neArctic esemantla. Kwaye ezi ndawo zinamanqanaba asezantsi kakhulu okufuma. Siyakhumbula ukuba ukufuma okubangelwa ngumphumo womphunga luphawu oluphambili oluchaza isimo sezulu esomileyo.
Ngokwahlukileyo, Sibona imimandla ethile entlango enemilinganiselo ephezulu yemvula kunye nokufuma. Ezi ziindawo ezingakumbi zetropiki ezifumana umoya ophakamileyo wokufuma unyaka wonke. Imvula ezinayo kwezi ndawo zibakho manqaphanqapha kwaye zibonakala ngohlobo lwesiphango sombane. Emva kokufumana eli galelo lemvula, imilambo kunye nemihlaba zihlala zidumba ngamanzi kuba zingenawo amandla okucoca. Ihlala kuphela iiyure ezimbalwa njengoko amanzi ephuma ngomphunga ngokulula kwaye ngokukhawuleza.
Izinto ezichaza imozulu eyomileyo
Siza kubona ukuba zeziphi ezona zinto ziphambili zichonga ubukho bemozulu eyomileyo kwingingqi.
Ukungabikho kobumanzi
Njengoko besitshilo ekuqaleni, ukungabikho kokufuma yeyona nto ibalaseleyo kolu hlobo lwemozulu. Kwaye kukuba isixa esikhulu sokoma sifumaneka kwezi ndawo. Ayisiyiyo kuphela umhlaba owomileyo ngenxa yokunqongophala kwemvula, kodwa nomoya unjalo. Imimandla emininzi inepesenti ephezulu yophuko, oku kuyipesenti ephezulu yemvula. Oku kukhokelela ekulahlekelweni okuqhubekayo kokufuma. Ezinye zeentlango ezishushu zehlabathi zinomdla okhethekileyo. Imvula yayo iyakhuphuka ngaphambi kokuba ifike emhlabeni. Nangona oku kusenzeka amaxesha amaninzi, kukho izandyondyo zemvula eziphuhlisa ukugqabhuka kobomi bezityalo nobezilwanyana. Oku kuvumela ukuba ezinye iindawo zingabinakuhlala kwaphela.
Kushushu kwaye kuyabanda
Olunye uphawu olwenza ukuba imozulu eyomileyo ibonakale ngumahluko oshushu nobandayo. Kukho iindawo ezomileyo ezinobusika obubanda kakhulu kodwa kushushu ehlotyeni. Enye yazo yintlango yaseSahara ukuba lo mthetho ngalo lonke ixesha, Ngelixa intlango yeGobi ibonakalisa omabini amaxesha onyaka. Amaqondo obushushu ebusika awafiki kwindawo ebandayo. Umhambi ongazilungiselelanga ezi meko zigqithileyo unokubulawa sisifo sobushushu emini okanye afe yihypothermia ebusuku. Ngesi sizathu, iindawo ezinemozulu eyomileyo zithathwa njengezinobungozi kubantu abangenamava.
Umphunga ungaphezu kwemvula
Kwiindawo apho imeko yemozulu eyomileyo ibalasele, umphunga uxhaphake kakhulu kunemvula. Oku kukhokelela ekubeni imihlaba ingabinako ukusingatha ukumitha kobomi bezityalo. Umthamo wonyuko uqhele ukuya kumaxesha ali-10 amakhulu kunalawo emvula. Oku kuqhubekeka kwenza ukufuma kuphelele kwaye kwehle.
Isimo sezulu eshushu esomileyo entlango
Intlango kunye nemozulu eshushu ibekwe kummango weenjiko kunye nakwinkqubo yezendalo phuhla kububanzi obuphakathi nophantsi phakathi kwama-20 ukuya kuma-35 degrees. Kule mimandla kukho ukunyuka okuqhubekayo komoya ngendlela ezinzileyo. Ukongeza, ezi ziindawo apho uxinzelelo oluphezulu lukhuthaza iimeko ezomileyo nezishushu. Ngokuba nenkqubo yoxinzelelo oluphezulu ngokuqhubekekayo, kukho uzinzo kwindalo esingavumeli ukufika kwezaqhwithi.
Isimo sezulu esomileyo esibandayo sentlango sikwezi ndawo zikwindawo ephezulu. Umzekelo, kukho intlango yaseTabernas eAlmería. Ngenxa yoko, sinendawo yokuba ezi meko zemozulu zixhomekeke kububanzi kodwa kubude. Kwelinye icala, sineentlango ezinokuthi zibonakale kwezo ndawo zikwindawo efudumeleyo. Ngokwesiqhelo ezi ntlango ziqhubela phambili ukusuka kwiikhweyitha.
Imisebenzi yezoqoqosho kwimozulu eyomileyo
Gcina ukhumbula ukuba abantu abaphuhla kwimozulu eyomileyo bafuna imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo yoqoqosho. Abemi ababehlala kule mimandla kunzima kakhulu ukuhlala nabo. Umsila onawo kule ntlango unqabile ngenxa yeemeko ezigabadeleyo ezibonakaliswa zezi ndawo zendalo.
Ngokwesiqhelo, iqela labantu lizama ukugxila kunxweme kwaye ligcina ukusondela kwii-oase neentlambo eziveliswa yimilambo. Olunye lweempawu eziphambili zoluntu kukuba uninzi lwabo ngoonothwal 'impahlana. Isizathu soku kufuneka Ukuseka ngokuqinisekileyo kule mimandla inenzondelelo kunzima.
Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi ungafunda ngakumbi malunga nemozulu eyomileyo kunye neempawu zayo.