Ngenxa yobume obumangalisayo bamafu kunye neziganeko ezinzulu ezinxulumene nazo, i Ilifu le-arcus sesinye sezona zidalwa zinqwenelekayo zabaleqa izaqhwithi kwilizwe lethu. Ukongezelela, ukubonakala kwayo, icala layo elimnyama, ilifu elimnyama, elibekwe kwelinye okanye imigangatho emininzi okanye amaqonga, ngokuqhelekileyo ehamba kunye nokuhamba ngokukhawuleza kwesixhobo sombane, lenza ukuba libonakale likhangeleke kakhulu kumntu obukeleyo. Nangona kunjalo, igama elithi arcus libonakala lisetyenziswa ngokulula kwaye ngamanye amaxesha kancinci.
Kweli nqaku siza kukuxelela yonke into oyifunayo ukuze ukwazi i-arcus cloud, iimpawu zayo kunye nento eyibonisayo.
Ilifu le-arcus
Ngokohlelo lwemephu yelifu, i-cumulonimbus arcus luhlobo lwelifu lesiphango sohlobo lwe-cumulonimbus kunye nokungaqhelekanga kokuba nomzantsi omile okwe-arc. Nokuba amafu e-cumulus anokunxulunyaniswa nale propati. Nangona kunjalo, kuzo zonke iinjongo ezisebenzayo, xa sisebenzisa igama elithi "arcus", sithetha isiphango esinamandla, kwaye ilifu lesiphango elizisa ubomi yi cumulonimbus. Isiseko kufuneka sibe ne-arch ecacileyo
Ziqhele ukuvela nini?
Ngokumalunga nerada, sinokulindela nini ukuba ezi ntlobo zamafu zenzeke? Xa idatha yerada yemozulu esetyenzisiweyo sibonise inkqubo yesaqhwithi elandelelanayo, umgca we-squall.
Kodwa ngaphezu koko, imigca ye-squall nayo kufuneka yenziwe ngolungelelwaniso, iiseli zesiphango esinamandla. Eyona meko icacileyo yi-arc-shaped squall line, eyaziwa ngesiNgesi njenge-bow echo. Ke ngoko, kuyaqondakala ukuba kufuneka silumke xa sisebenzisa igama elithi arcus cloud, nangona oku akuyongxaki kubagijimi abanamava.
Ngenxa yokuba eli gama ngamanye amaxesha lisetyenziswa xa ikhethini yemvula enzima ibonwa elundini, umbono wayo unokuba ne-arc ethile, kodwa imele kuphela. inguqu phakathi kwendawo ngaphandle kwemvula kunye nenxalenye enemvula. Umphambili onxulumene nemvula enkulu, kunye okanye ngaphandle kweendudumo.
Ngamanye amaxesha la mafu anokuzilungelelanisa ukwenza umgca weekhilomitha eziliqela. Umfanekiso wesihloko sezi ndaba kunye nesithombe esingezantsi, kunye nemifanekiso ye-radar, iyahambelana ukuya kwi-arc ebonwe kwi-Bay of Malaga ngo-2004, enokuthi inabela ecaleni kwe-arc ephantse ibe yi-50 yeekhilomitha. Njengoko sibonile ngo-2012, izaphetha ngamanye amaxesha zinokufakwa kwisakhiwo samanye amafu, njengestratocumulus.
amafu e-cumulonimbus
Amafu eCumulonimbus ngamafu akhula ngokuthe nkqo, oko kukuthi, xa umaleko womoya uphantsi (ufudumele) kwaye uphezulu (kubanda). Oku kunye nezinye iinkqubo ezintsonkothileyo ze-atmospheric zizisa ukufuma okukhulu kwimimandla ephezulu kakhulu ye-atmospheric, ngokuyilwa komkhenkce omkhulu kwiindawo eziphakamileyo zamafu ngomphunga wamanzi, kwaye isichotho siqala ukuhla, sidala ukuhla.
Ezi zidubedube zihamba zinkulu zidala ingxabano, eyenza umbane ongatshintshiyo. Ngokuhamba kwexesha, le nkqubo ingaba nkulu kakhulu de idale umahluko omkhulu kumandla ombane phakathi kweendawo ezahlukeneyo zelifu okanye ukusuka emhlabeni, ekugqibeleni ukuvelisa umbane.
Iimpawu zelifu le-arcus
Amafu e-Arcus asezantsi, amafu amile okwe wedge kwaye amile okwearc. Bakwabizwa ngokuba ngamafu eqonga kwaye babambelele kwisiseko selifu lomzali, ngokwesiqhelo Cumulonimbus Iindudumo, kodwa zinokubumba kulo naluphi na uhlobo lwelifu elilawulayo.
Ukunyuka kwelifu okuya phezulu kudla ngokubonwa kwindawo ephambili (ngaphandle) yeshelufu yelifu, ngelixa indawo esezantsi ihlala inesiphithiphithi kwaye idlakazwe ngumoya. Umoya obandayo osuka kwilifu lesaqhwithi elizikayo unwenwela kumphezulu woMhlaba ngomphetho ophambili obizwa ngokuba yigust front. Oku kuphumayo kunqunyulwa phantsi komoya ofudumeleyo ongena kwi-updraft yesiphango.
Njengoko umoya opholileyo usezantsi uphakamisa ubushushu, umoya ofumileyo ngakumbi, amanzi aso ayajika abe ngamafu (isichebi somoya) ezihlala zikhukuliswe phezulu naphantsi yimimoya eyahlukeneyo.
Abantu ababona amafu eshelufu banokucinga ukuba babona amafu eludongeni. Oku kunokuba yimpazamo, njengoko i-shelf yefu esondelayo ibonakala yenza udonga lwamafu. Amafu eqonga ngokubanzi vela phambi kwesaqhwithi, ngoxa amafu eludongeni ngokuqhelekileyo ebonakala ngasemva kweso saqhwithi.
Umphambili owomeleleyo uya kubangela ukuba indawo esezantsi yeshelufu yelifu ijike, ibe ngumda wokunyuka kwamafu aqhekekayo. Kwiimeko ezinzima, i-eddies ikhula ecaleni kwemida, kunye ne-scuds ijijekile inokufikelela emhlabeni okanye ikhatshwe luthuli olunyukayo. Amafu eshelufu asezantsi kakhulu ahamba nale miqondiso sesona salathisi sokuba kukho uqhwithela olunamandla. Umzekelo ogqithisileyo wale nto iphantse yafana nenkanyamba ibizwa ngokuba yi-gust.
Iziphumo
Inyaniso kukuba xa eli lifu likwi-atmosfera yoMhlaba, linokubuchaphazela kakubi ubomi emhlabeni. Makhe sibone ukuba zithini iziphumo zayo:
- Ray: Eli lifu likhupha izaqhwithi zombane, into eyenzeka kuthi sonke ebomini bethu. Nangona umbane ungonakalisa iziseko zombane, akunakwenzeka ukuba ufikelele kumzimba womntu.
- Izikhukula: Izikhukula okanye ukuphuphuma kwemilambo okanye amachibi kunokwenzeka ngenxa yeziphumo zeemvula ezinkulu.
- Isichotho: Le mvula inamandla inokubangela umonakalo kwezolimo, itshabalalise umhlaba weefama. Ukongeza, ubungakanani obukhulu besichotho bunokubangela ukwenzakala kwabo bachaphazeleke ngokuthe ngqo.
- imimoya kunye neenkanyamba: Olu hlobo lwamafu lunokubangela umoya ovuthuzayo onokuncothula imithi. Kwiimeko ezinzima, inkanyamba ingenzeka, into etshabalalisa yonke into endleleni yayo.
Nangona le miphumo emibi, kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba abantu baye baqhelana nokuphila nale nto kwaye, ngoko, umngcipheko wokubandezeleka kwengozi ebangelwa lifu le-arcus liphantsi kakhulu. Kwezinye iindawo, ezifana nokuthuthwa ngomoya, eli lifu kufuneka lithathelwe ingqalelo kuba iziphumo zalo zinokubangela umonakalo omkhulu kwinqwelomoya, njengemiphumo yombane okanye isiphithiphithi esibangelwa ngumoya onamandla.
Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi unokufunda ngakumbi malunga nefu ye-arcus kunye neempawu zayo.