Sivile ngeetsunami amaxesha amaninzi. La ngamaza enyikima abangelwa luthotho lwamaza amakhulu avela kwinyikima engaphantsi kwamanzi. Inokwenziwa kwakhona ngokuwa komhlaba, ukuqhuma kwentaba-mlilo okanye isibhakabhaka.
Sizibonile iimpembelelo ezinzulu kunye nomonakalo onokuthi ubangelwe yitsunami. Ngaba siyazi ukuba zenziwa njani kwaye kufuneka senze ntoni xa kukho isilumkiso se-tsunami?
Yenzeka njani i-tsunami
Unxweme, amaza etsunami anokuba ngamawaka eekhilomitha ubude kwaye ahlukane ngokulinganayo. Kwakhona, enzonzobileni yolwandle, amaza anokuhamba ngokukhawuleza njengejethi, efikelela kwiimayile ezingama-600 ngeyure (phantse iikhilomitha ezili-XNUMX ngeyure) kwaye, akufika elunxwemeni, yenza amaza angaphezu kweemitha ezingama-30.
Amaza eTsunami awaphakami de ade asondele kunxweme. Ngesi sizathu, iinqanawa ezisebenza kulwandle oluphezulu azinakuzibona iitsunami, kuba amaza ayephakame kakhulu.
Nangona ayizizo zonke iitsunami ezigqibela ngokwenza umonakalo, zonke zinokuba yingozi, kuba iliza eliqala ngee-intshi ezili-12 Amaza aveliswa yinyikima engaphantsi kwamanzi anokufikelela kwiimitha ezili-100 ukuphakama Bayanda kuwo onke amacala kwaye xa befika elunxwemeni bafumana ukuphakama.
Xa inyikima isenzeka, kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuba amaza afike elunxwemeni? Ewe oku kuxhomekeke kudidi lweetsunami. Zimbini iintlobo:
- Eyokuqala, into ebizwa ngokuba yi "local" okanye "near the epicenter" enokwenziwa ziinyikima kwindawo leyo kwaye thatha nje imizuzu embalwa ukufikelela elunxwemeni.
- Uhlobo lwesibini lwetsunami "sisikhubekiso esikude" kwaye sibangelwa yinyikima kumakhulu eekhilomitha kude kwaye ingathatha ukusuka kwiiyure ezintathu ukuya kwezingama-22 ukufikelela kwimimandla eselunxwemeni.
Kwenziwa ntoni xa kukho itsunami?
Ukwamkela ubukho betsunami kufuneka unike le miqondiso:
- Elunxwemeni unokubona ukuba kwenzeka njani unxweme luyabuya.
- Ukuba ulunxwemeni kwaye uziva unyikima olude okanye olukwaziyo ukuphazamisa abantu, uyazi ukuba kuza kubakho itsunami.
- Yiva umgqumo omkhulu ovela elwandle
Xa le miqondiso inikiwe, kuya kufuneka ungene elizweni, ushiye unxweme kwaye unyukele phezulu kakhulu kwindawo ephezulu.
Ulwazi olukhutshiweyo lunomdla kakhulu kwaye ngaphezulu kwayo yonke le nto bubunyani bento eyenzekayo malunga nokufudumala komhlaba, kwaye abantu abaninzi abayiqondi ingozi enkulu ebeka esichengeni ukusinda kobomi emhlabeni.