Ngokungafaniyo noMntla wePole, iAntarctica lilizwekazi elinamatye eligutyungelwe ngumkhenkce omkhulu. Nazi i Iintaba zeTransantarctic kwaye baziwa kakuhle. Yindalo eyahlukileyo eyahlukileyo enqumla kwilizwekazi laseAntarctica kwaye yahlulahlulahlula ibe ngamacandelo aliqela angalinganiyo. Iphawuleka ngokuba neencopho ezininzi ezinamatye kunye neentlambo kwaye ityebe kakhulu kwimiboniso yeefosili. Ndiyabulela kwezi ntaba kube nakho ukwandisa ulwazi oluninzi kwiinkalo ezinje nge paleontology.
Ke ngoko, siza kunikezela eli nqaku ukukuxelela zonke iimpawu nokubaluleka kweentaba zeTransantarctic.
Iimpawu eziphambili
Kuba ukutyeba kweefosili kwezi ntaba kuphezulu kakhulu, kuyaziwa ngabaphandi abaninzi njengemyuziyam yedayinaso. Iintaba zeTransantarctic zaqala ukubonakaliswa kwimephu ngohambo lwe umphandi waseBritane owaziwa ngegama likaJames Ross ngonyaka we-1841. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yetekhnoloji encinci ngeli xesha ukusinda kwezi ndawo zinobutshaba, bekukho iingxaki ezithile ukufikelela kunyawo lweencopho zengingqi.
Emva kwexesha ngo-1908 abaphandi abaliqela benza uhambo lokuwela uluhlu lweentaba kuhambo olude. Aba bahambi yayinguScott, uShackleton noAmundsen. Ndiyabulela kolu hambo, ukufundisisa ngononophelo lweentaba zeTransantarctic kunokuveliswa. Kamva ngonyaka we-1947, iphulo elikhethekileyo elibizwa ngokuba yi-high jump laququzelelwa kwaye bakwazi ukuvelisa iimephu ezaneleyo zommandla nayo yonke idatha efunyenweyo. Ukufumana lonke olu lwazi kwi-morphology yeentaba, uhlalutyo lomhlaba lwenziwa kwiinqwelomoya.
Iintaba zeTransantarctic zezi Inkqubo yeentaba zeentaba ezenziwe ngamatye. Zolula amawaka aliwaka eekhilomitha ukusuka kuLwandle lwaseMeddell ukuya kumhlaba weebhatyi. Okwangoku ithathwa njengeyona ntaba inde ehlabathini. Nangona ngendlela edumileyo iAntarctica ililizwekazi elinomkhenkce, into eyinyani ngokupheleleyo, kukho ilitye phantsi komaleko wekhephu. Kwipali yasemantla akukho kwakhiwa kwamatye, ke ukunyibilika komkhenkce osemazantsi kuya kuvelisa ulwandle olupheleleyo. Kwimeko yokunyibilika komkhenkce osemantla e-Antarctica, oko kuya kuvelisa ukonyuka komphakamo wolwandle, kuba onke loo manzi akahlali kulwandle.
Iijografi zijonga umqolo njengomgca oqhelekileyo ohlukanisa empuma nasentshona Antarctica e umgama oziikhilomitha ezingama-480 ukusuka kuwo onke amatye epali esemazantsi.
I-Geology yeeNtaba zeTransantarctic
Ndiyabulela kwizifundo ezininzi kunye nolwazi olunikezelwe ziintaba zeTransantarctic, ibe sisalathiso sophando lweefosili. Icandelo lesayensi elaziwa njenge I-paleontology yondliwe lulwazi olukhulu enkosi kwiintaba zeTransantarctic. Kwingqondo yejoloji, ezi ntaba zachongwa njengendawo ebalulekileyo yokuma komhlaba emhlabeni.
Imvelaphi ibuyela kwimisebenzi esebenzayo yenyikima kangangeminyaka engama-65 ezigidi. Olunye udidi olulele ngaphakathi kwemida ye-Antarctica lunemvelaphi yakutshanje. Indawo ephezulu yeentaba zeTransantarctic fikelela kubude obuziimitha ezingama-4.528 ngaphezulu komphakamo wolwandle. Kulapho kufumaneka khona uxinzelelo oluphezulu lweefosili kwiplanethi. Amashumi ezigidi zeminyaka akwenzekile ukugcina eli nani leefosili kwisimo sezulu kwiimeko ezifanelekileyo zolondolozo lwazo.
Nangona kumaxesha adlulileyo iAntarctica yayityebile ngobomi, namhlanje igqunywe ngumkhenkce. Ishumi lezigidi zeminyaka eyadlulayo bekukho imeko-bume ekwimo efanelekileyo yophuhliso lwezinto eziphilayo, into leyo icacisa ukuba intsalela enkulu yamafutha ezinto ezikhoyo isekhona kwezi ntaba.
Inyaniso enomdla malunga neentaba zeTransantarctic
Siza kubona ukuba zeziphi ezona datha ziphambili zomdla eziye zakhutshwa kwizifundo ezahlukeneyo zeentaba zeTransantarctic. Embindini wenkulungwane ephelileyo, ukwahlulwa komkhenkce omkhulu okhe wabhalwa ngabaphandi kungabonakala. Kwaye kukuba amaqondo obushushu aphakathi kwilizwe liphela ayenyuka ukusukela oko kwavela uguquko kwimizi-mveliso yabantu. Umphezulu weli glacier ziikhilomitha ezingama-31.080, nokuba yintoni ekwintsimi yamanye amazwe aseYurophu.
Ngokukodwa, ithathwa njengenye yeendawo ezomileyo kwiplanethi apho kungakhange kubekho mvula ngaphezulu kwezigidi ezibini zeminyaka. Kwinxalenye yeSierra Vista yeentaba zeTransantarctic ibizwa ngokuba yiTaylor Valley. Nantsi ingxangxasi apho imilambo iqukuqele isiya ezantsi kwaye ijike ibe yimibala enemibala ebomvu yegazi. Abanye abaphandi bayayichaza le nto kwaye kungenxa yokugcwala kwamanzi okuveliswa yintsholongwane ye-anaerobic. Iintsholongwane zeAnaerobic zezo zihlala ngokungabikho kweoksijini kwaye azidingi kuphila.
Ekusekweni kwenxalenye yencopho ephezulu yomwonyo waseKirk-Patrick kwafunyanwa iintsalela zedinosaur enamaphiko. Njengoko besesitshilo ngaphambili, amashumi ezigidi zeminyaka eyadlulayo, iAntarctica yayiyindawo ehlala ngokupheleleyo iindidi ezahlukeneyo zeedinosaurs. Ubukhulu bala magwababa makhulu awalingani. Kwakhona kunokwenzeka ukuba kukhutshwe iifosil zedinosaurs ezincinci ezinjengeCryolophosaurus.
Elinye lawona manqaku agqithisileyo kumazantsi eeNtaba zeTransantarctic yiCape Adair. Ngenxa yamaqondo obushushu asezantsi kakhulu avela kummandla wonke, iifosili zigcinwe zikwimeko entle kakhulu. Ezi meko zilungele ubuntu ukuba ziqhubeke ukuqhubela phambili kufundo lwemvelaphi kunye nokuvela kwezinto eziphilayo ukuza kuthi ga ngoku.
Izigqibo
Iintaba zeTransantarctic zihlala yenye yezona ndawo zincinci ziphononongiweyo kwihlabathi namhlanje. Gcina ukhumbula ukuba luyindalo yendalo kunye umgama omkhulu kulo naluphi na uhlobo lwempucuko kwaye apho kukho iimeko ezinzima kakhulu zemozulu ukuze uphile. Kwangelo xesha, i-ridge bubuhle obuhle obusikhumbuza imihlaba evela kwezinye iiplanethi.
Ndiyathemba ukuba olu lwazi unokufunda ngakumbi malunga neentaba zeTransantarctic kunye neempawu zazo.