Iziphumo zotshintsho lwemozulu kwizinga elikhulu ngamanye amaxesha zinokungaqiniseki, kuba asazi kwimilimitha bonke ubudlelwane kunye nokunxibelelana okukhoyo phakathi kwezinto eziphilayo kwiplanethi. Yintoni eqinisekisiweyo kuphando olwenziwe yiDyunivesithi yaseCórdoba (UCO) ngokubambisana neDyunivesithi yaseWageningen, eNetherlands, ihlathi leMeditera liza kuncitshiswa kancinane kancinane lide libe yinto yokukhuhla kwisithuba seminyaka eli-100 ngenxa yeziphumo zotshintsho lwemozulu.
I-UCO inike ingxelo kwingxelo yokuba utshintsho lwemozulu ngumcimbi ophambili kwiingqungquthela nakwiminyhadala kwinqanaba lamazwe aphesheya elihlala yinxalenye yemizamo yoluntu lwenzululwazi efunda ukuba yintoni esemngciphekweni kunye noko kulindele umhlaba.
Utshintsho lwemozulu kwiMeditera
Imizamo yokumisa utshintsho lwemozulu ayomelelanga ngokwaneleyo ukuthintela amaqondo obushushu ehlabathi ngamaqondo amabini ukuya kwamathathu amaCelsius kwisithuba seminyaka eli-XNUMX, nto leyo ekhokelele kwimozulu encinci.
Lo mbuzo uphazamisayo ukhokele iqela lophando lwe-UCO ukuba lifunde ngendlela ezisebenza ngayo izityalo kumaqondo obushushu anyukayo. Uphando luphande Zisabela njani izityalo kwimbalela nendlela iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezityalo nezilwanyana ezinokuthanani nomonakalo.
Umthi wom-oki yenye yeentlobo eziza kuchaphazeleka kakhulu lutshintsho lwemozulu. Iqela lophando le-UCO ligxile kwihlathi leMeditera, kuba kulapho kukho iintlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo eSpain. Uphononongo luqinisekisa ukuba ihlathi laseMeditera liza kubandezeleka ngakumbi ngenxa yokutshintsha kwemozulu kunesitshiki esikhoyo kwezi zinto ziphilayo. Kwisithuba seminyaka elikhulu ikhulu olu hlobo lwembonakalo yomhlaba luyakuguqulwa kwaye luza kuba yindawo enkulu ekrwada, kuba iintlobo zommandla ezifana nomthi we-strawberry okanye umthi we-oki uya kunyamalala ngokuthe ngcembe.
Amahlathi akwiMeditera achaphazeleka kakhulu kukutshintsha kwemozulu
Uphando lupapashiwe kwiphephancwadi «Biology Plant«. Iinkcukacha zophando zokutyala iintlobo zolu hlobo ziyaqhubeka ngokwanda kwamaqondo obushushu kunye nokunqongophala kwamanzi, kulawula ixesha abalichitha kwi-photosynthesis. Ngexesha le-photosynthesis, amagqabi avula i-stomata yawo ukuze atshintshe i-CO2 kwindalo esingqongileyo kwaye avelise ioksijini. Nangona kunjalo, ukuvulwa kwe-stomata kubangela ukugqabhuka kwamanzi kwaye, ke, ukulahleka kwawo. Okukhona kukho ubushushu kwindalo esingqongileyo, Amanzi amaninzi alahleka ngexesha lefotosinthesis.
Sithetha ngommiselo kunye nokuthintelwa kwenkqubo ebalulekileyo yezityalo, edla ngokuncitshiswa ehlotyeni nangamaxesha embalela ukonga amanzi. Ngentwasahlobo ukuvulwa kwesityalo ukuya ngaphandle kuphezulu kwaye inqanaba le-photosynthesis liphezulu kakhulu ngelixa ehlotyeni amaxabiso awayo nasekwindla, kunye nemvula, isityalo siyachacha kwaye sikhule. Ngale ndlela, ngamaxesha embalela, izityalo zikwehlisa kakhulu oku kuvulwa kuya ngaphandle malunga neeyure ezimbini ngosuku kwaye bayayenza into yokuqala kusasa.
Uphononongo luye lwagxila kwezinye zeerubriki ezichaphazeleka kukunyuka kwamaqondo obushushu kunye nembalela. Umzekelo, i-rockrose, ihlupheka kakhulu ngexesha lembalela, ide ilahle amagqabi, nangona kunjalo, ngeemvula zokuqala zekwindla, zingabokuqala ukubuyela kwimeko yesiqhelo. Inzuzo yokuba izihlahla zinayo ngaphezulu kwemithi kukuba zinokuziqhelanisa ngakumbi neempawu zazo kwaye zinokuphila ngcono kwimeko ezinemeko yazo engathandekiyo. I-Rockrose ikwanesakhono esikhulu sokwenza ikholoni emva komlilo okanye imbalela, kwaye ke, ukuba imithi iyancipha emva kweziphumo zemozulu, Yi-rockrose eya kuthi ikholoni kwaye iguqule ihlathi leMeditera libe lishinyeneyo.
Imioki yecork isesichengeni ngakumbi
I-oki ye-cork ayinakho ukuziqhelanisa nokwahluka kumaqondo obushushu, imbalela kunye nezinto ezinjenge-rockrose, ngenxa yoko ukubuyela kwabo emva kwesiqendu kuhamba kancinci. Ukuba koku songeza ukuba ukuvelisa imbewu phakathi kweminyaka engama-20 nengama-30 kuyafuneka, ukuba ezi zisaqhubeka kwiinyanga ezimbalwa, ezongeza-zisebenza njengokutya kwezilwanyana ezininzi kwaye ke zinyamalale ngokukhawuleza, umthi wom-oki uba sisidalwa esisesichengeni sokulondolozwa kwawo kwinkulungwane ezayo.
Ukuqukumbela, uphononongo luqinisekisa ukuba ihlathi laseMeditera liza kusokola ngakumbi kwiziphumo zenguqu yemozulu kunesiphithiphithi kwaye, ke ngoko, amahlathi aya kuthi chu abuyele umva enze uhlobo lweentlobo ezikhutshiweyo.