Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngolunye lweentaba ezikumbindi weAsia eyaziwa kakhulu ngokuba ikweyiphi iRussia, China, Mongolia naseKazakhstan. Imalunga nayo IAltai massif. Yeyentaba yeAltai kwaye imilambo i-Irtish, iObi neYenisei iyadibana. Ngumhlaba ogcwele iintsomi namabali adluliselwe kwizizukulwana ngezizukulwana. Ixesha elingaphezulu kube lilizwe apho indalo ikwazile ukubonisa yonke into enakho.
Ke ngoko, siza kunikezela eli nqaku ukuba likuxelele zonke iimpawu, ukuyilwa kunye nemvelaphi yeAltai massif.
Iimpawu eziphambili
Ingumqengqelezi osezintabeni kumbindi weAsia nalapho iRashiya, iMongolia, iTshayina neKazakhstan zidibana khona. Kukho ii-steppes ezinkulu, Iintshinyela zetiyiga eluhlaza kunye nomtsalane wentlango ethozamileyo. Konke oku kuphakama kubukhazikhazi bamangcwaba eencopho zekhephu kunye nobuhle be-laconic yetundra. Iseti yendalo ekhoyo kule ndawo yenza indawo ibe ntle kakhulu. Ngokuhamba kwexesha kuye kwaba yindawo ethandwa kakhulu kubakhenkethi yokuhamba uhambo olude.
Yindawo ebanzi phantse i-2000 yeekhilomitha ubude ukusuka emantla ntshona mpuma. Ngenxa yoko, iAltai Massif yenza umda wendalo phakathi kwamathafa angumqwebedu aseMongolia kunye nethaiga etyebileyo esemazantsi eSiberia. Zombini ezi zimo zemozulu zenza imihlaba yokwahluka okumangalisayo. Inyaniso yeyokuba iyantlukwano enkulu yeendawo zomhlaba ezikhoyo kwiAltai massif ngokungathi sithatha ithuba ngamaphepha eencwadi zeatlasi zejografi.
Ayisiyiyo kuphela imbonakalo yomhlaba ukuba ibe bubuhle ukuze umntu ayityelele, sisidleke samawakawaka eentlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana.
Imvelaphi yeAltai massif
Siza kubona ukuba imvelaphi ebinazo ezi ntaba kunye nendaleko kule minyaka idlulileyo. Imvelaphi yezi ntaba inokulandelwa emva kwimikhosi ye-tectonic ekhoyo ngenxa yeetetoniki zeplate. Siyazi ukuba iipleyiti zetectonic zihamba rhoqo ngenxa yokuhamba kwemithambo yengubo yoMhlaba. Oku kuthetha ukuba amacwecwe angangqubana kwaye avelise uluhlu olutsha lweentaba. Kule meko, imvelaphi yeAltai massif inokulandelwa kukungqubana kwemikhosi yeetekoni phakathi kweIndiya eAsia.
Kukho inkqubo enkulu yesiphoso ebaleka kule ndawo iphela kwaye Ibizwa ngokuba yimpazamo yeKurai kunye nenye impazamo yeTashanta. Yonke le nkqubo yeempazamo ibangela ukuba intshabalalo yenzeke ngohlobo lokuhamba ngokuthe tye, okwenza ukuba iipleyiti zisebenze ngokubonakalayo. Ukuhamba kwamatye akhoyo kwiAltai massif kungqinelana ikakhulu nenyengane kunye namatye e-metamorphic. Amanye ala matye aphakanyiswa kakhulu kufutshane nendawo eneziphene.
Imvelaphi yegama leAltai massif ivela eMongolia "Altan", oko kukuthi "igolide". Eli gama livela kwinto yokuba ezi ntaba ziligugu lokwenyani elothusa nabani na ngenxa yokwahluka kwazo kunye nobuhle bazo.
Idatha yendawo yeAltai massif
Siya emazantsi eSiberia apho kukho iindawo ezintathu ezinkulu zeentaba apho iiAltai Mountains zigqamile, ziyindawo entle njengemihlaba yendalo emangalisayo. Le mihlaba likhaya leyona ndawo iphakamileyo kwindawo yonke esemazantsi eSiberia ebizwa ngokuba yiNtaba iBeluja. Inokuphakama kweemitha ezingama-4506 kwaye yaziwa ngokuba yindawo etyebileyo kwizinyithi. Kwiintaba zasemazantsi eSiberia izalwa kweyona milambo mikhulu kwinxalenye esempuma yeRashiya.
IAltai Massif ikumbindi weAsia, malunga ne-45 ° kunye ne-52 ° North latitude naphakathi kwe-85 ° kunye ne-100 ° kwi-East longitude yeGreenwich, kwaye ibekwe phakathi kwemimandla yaseRussia, yaseTshayina neyaseMongolia. Iifom zangoku zoncedo zezi iincopho, iindawo ezingalinganiyo kwiindawo eziphakamileyo ezahlukeneyo, iibhloko kunye neentlambo ezinzulu. Lonke olu loncedo lusisiphumo sendaleko entsonkothileyo yokuma komhlaba. Kwaye kukuba ekupheleni kwexesha leMesozoic iintaba zakudala zenziwa yi-Hercynian folding kwaye zaguqulwa ngokupheleleyo zaba yintsimi.
Sele ikwinqanaba lesithathu, ukusongelwa kwe-alpine yeyona nto yahlaziya iseti yeentaba, yaqhekeka yatyhila iibhloko ezahlukeneyo. Olu hlaziyo lwenzeka ngendlela ebuthathaka kwiQuaternary ngaxeshanye nemilambo kunye neqhwa zenza isenzo esomeleleyo.
Imozulu kunye nendalo
Siza kuhlalutya ezona zinto ziphambili zemozulu kunye nezityalo ezahlukeneyo zeAltai. Ngenxa yobubanzi kunye nemeko embindini welizwekazi elikhulu laseYurophu, iAltai massif inemozulu embi kunye neempawu zemozulu ezifudumeleyo nezelizwekazi. Imvula yayo inqabile kwaye ihlobo. Ukuphakama kukwahambelana nemozulu. Ukuphakama kobushushu obuphezulu ngonyaka kuthetha ukuba kukho amaxabiso aphakathi kwama-35 degrees enamaqondo obushushu angaphantsi kwe-0 degrees ebusika kunye nehlobo elifutshane apho linokudlula kwi-15 degrees.
Le mozulu ivelisa uhlaza olusabela kuyo. Amahlathi eConiferous, amadlelo kunye nohlaza lwabalinganiswa be-steppe abomeleleyo abakhula kwiAltai enkulu, kufutshane nentlango yeGobi. Ngaphantsi kwesimo sengqondo seemitha ezili-1830, amathambeka axhonywe ngemisedare, imibungu, iipayini kunye neebirch. Phakathi kwehlathi kunye nokuqala kwekhephu kukho ukuphakama malunga ne-2400-3000 yeemitha zokuphakama. Amadlelo eAlpine afumaneka kuyo yonke le ndawo.
Wonke ummandla weentaba weAltai massif uyasebenza kuba wenza ulwahlulo phakathi kwemilambo eya kuLwandlekazi lwePasifiki kunye nemilambo engena kuLwandlekazi iArctic Glacier. Imilambo emibini ebaluleke kakhulu kuyo yonke iAsia inemithombo yayo kule ndawo: iObi kunye neYenisei. Ngaphandle koku, uthungelwano lokwenyani lwe-hydrographic lwale ndawo iphela lwenziwe yimilambo evela emachibini kwaye ihlala kwiicirque. Inkqubo yayo ayiqhelekanga kuba isiqabu sentaba senza ukuba kube njalo.
Ndiyathemba ukuba olu lwazi ungafunda okuninzi malunga neAltai massif, iimpawu zayo kunye nemvelaphi yayo.