La I-meteor shower, okanye i-meteor shower, yinto yeenkwenkwezi yobuhle obuyodwa, ngethamsanqa, sinokuyonwabela kakhulu ngokujonga isibhakabhaka. Kodwa yenziwa njani? Kwaye, okona kubaluleke kakhulu, ukuba kunokwenzeka, Zeziphi iintsuku ozibonayo?
Ukuba unomdla wokwazi yonke into malunga ne-meteor shower, sukuyeka ukufunda.
Yintoni iMeteor Shower?
Esibhakabhakeni kukho ii-comets, i-meteorites, ii-asteroids, kunye nezinto ezahlukeneyo ze-astronomical, ezithi xa zisondela embindini weSolar System, umoya ovela kwinkwenkwezi yenkosi ubangele umphezulu usebenze; Ke, iigesi kunye nezinto eziyilungisayo ziyaphuma ziye emajukujukwini ukuze kwenziwe umjelo okanye isangqa samasuntswana esaziwa njengesiqhu semeteor. Ukuba yi-meteorite, eli qela lidla ngokubizwa ngokuba yinkwenkwezi yokudubula.
Iziphumo zokukhanya ziveliswa yi-ionization yomoya oveliswe sisuntswana. Uninzi lweemeteor eziza kudibana nomoya ojikeleze umhlaba zincinci kakhulu, njengentlabathi yesanti, ngoko ke xa zithe zaqhekeka kubude obungama-80-100km ukuphakama isiphumo asichukumisi; Nangona kunjalo, kukho ezinye, i-fireballs, eyahlulwa kubude be-13-50km ishiya ukukhanya okumangalisayo kokukhanya.
Ungazibona njani iinkwenkwezi zokudubula?
Le meko ineempawu ezintathu ezenza ukuba ikhetheke: ukuqaqamba, isalathiso sabemi kunye neZenital Hourly Rate okanye i-THZ.
- Ukuqaqamba: yindawo apho ii-meteors zeshawari ziyeka ukuphuma khona. Ilinganiswa ngokudibanisa iAlfa, kukunyuka okufanelekileyo okanye i-AR, kunye ne-Delta, oko kukuthi ukwehla okanye iDdec.
- Isalathiso sabemiUmlinganiselo wokukhanya phakathi kwamalungu e-meteor swarm efanayo.
- Ixabiso leyure leZenital: lelona nani liphezulu leemeteor ezibaliweyo ukuba umbonisi angabona ukuba isibhakabhaka sicacile na, iNyanga ibingagcwelanga, kwaye kungekho kungcoliseka kokukhanya.
Uluhlu lwemvula yeemeteor
Nalu uluhlu lwazo zonke iimvula zemeteor ze-International Meteor Organisation (IMO):
| Imvula | Ixesha lomsebenzi | Ubuninzi | Ukuqaqamba | V_infinite | r | THZ | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Umhla | ilanga | α | δ | km / s | ||||
| IiQuadrantids (i-QUA) | NgoJan 01-Jan 05 | Jan 03 | 283 ° 16 | 230 ° | + 49 ° | 41 | 2.1 | 120 |
| I-rid-Cancridas (DCA) | NgoJan 01-Jan 24 | Jan 17 | 297 ° | 130 ° | + 20 ° | 28 | 3.0 | 4 |
| I-α-Centaurides (ACE) | Jan 28-Feb 21 | Feb 07 | 319 ° 2 | 210 ° | -59 ° | 56 | 2.0 | 6 |
| Leon-I-Leonids (DLE) | Feb 15-Mar 10 | Feb 24 | 336 ° | 168 ° | + 16 ° | 23 | 3.0 | 2 |
| I-Normids (i-GNO) | Feb 25-Mar 22 | Mar 13 | 353 ° | 249 ° | -51 ° | 56 | 2.4 | 8 |
| Iintombi (VIR) | Jan 25-Epreli 15 | (Mar 24) | (4 °) | 195 ° | -04 ° | 30 | 3.0 | 5 |
| I-Lyrid (LYR) | Epreli 16-Epreli 25 | Epreli 22 | 032 ° 32 | 271 ° | + 34 ° | 49 | 2.1 | 18 |
| I-Puppid (PPU) | Epreli 15-Epreli 28 | Epreli 24 | 033 ° 5 | 110 ° | -45 ° | 18 | 2.0 | var |
| I-η-Aquarids (ETA) | Epreli 19-Meyi 28 | Ngomhla woku-05 | 045 ° 5 | 338 ° | -01 ° | 66 | 2.4 | 60 |
| IiSagittarids (SAG) | Epreli 15-Jul 15 | (UCanzibe 19) | (59 °) | 247 ° | -22 ° | 30 | 2.5 | 5 |
| Isilimela Bootidas (JBO) | Juni 26-Julayi 02 | jun 27 | 095 ° 7 | 224 ° | + 48 ° | 18 | 2.2 | var |
| IiPegasids (JPE) | Julayi 07-Jul 13 | Jul 09 | 107 ° 5 | 340 ° | + 15 ° | 70 | 3.0 | 3 |
| UJulio Phoenícidos (PHE) | Julayi 10-Jul 16 | Jul 13 | 111 ° | 032 ° | -48 ° | 47 | 3.0 | var |
| Iipisces Austrinids (PAU) | Julayi 15-Aug 10 | Jul 28 | 125 ° | 341 ° | -30 ° | 35 | 3.2 | 5 |
| Ii-Aquarids zasemazantsi (SDA) | Julayi 12-Aug 19 | Jul 28 | 125 ° | 339 ° | -16 ° | 41 | 3.2 | 20 |
| I-α-I-Capricornids (CAP) | Julayi 03-Aug 15 | Jul 30 | 127 ° | 307 ° | -10 ° | 23 | 2.5 | 4 |
| I-Aqu -ids zasemazantsi (SIA) | Julayi 25-Aug 15 | Agasti ka-04 | 132 ° | 334 ° | -15 ° | 34 | 2.9 | 2 |
| I-Aquarids ye-North-North (NDA) | Julayi 15-Aug 25 | Agasti ka-08 | 136 ° | 335 ° | -05 ° | 42 | 3.4 | 4 |
| Izinto ezingaphaya (PER) | Julayi 17-Aug 24 | Agasti ka-12 | 140 ° | 046 ° | + 58 ° | 59 | 2.6 | 100 |
| I-κ-Cígnidas (KCG) | Agasti 03-Aug 25 | Agasti ka-17 | 145 ° | 286 ° | + 59 ° | 25 | 3.0 | 3 |
| I-North-Aquarids (NIA) | Agasti 11-Aug 31 | Agasti ka-19 | 147 ° | 327 ° | -06 ° | 31 | 3.2 | 3 |
| I-α-yeAurigid (AUR) | Aug 25-Sep 08 | Sep 01 | 158 ° 6 | 084 ° | + 42 ° | 66 | 2.6 | 10 |
| δ -Aurigid (DAU) | Sep 05-Okt 10 | Sep 09 | 166 ° 7 | 060 ° | + 47 ° | 64 | 2.9 | 5 |
| Iipiscides (SPI) | NgoSeptemba 01-Sep 30 | Sep 19 | 177 ° | 005 ° | -01 ° | 26 | 3.0 | 3 |
| IDraconids (GIA) | I-Oct 06-Oct 10 | Oct 08 | 195 ° 4 | 262 ° | + 54 ° | 20 | 2.6 | var |
| ε-Geminids (EGE) | I-Oct 14-Oct 27 | Oct 18 | 205 ° | 102 ° | + 27 ° | 70 | 3.0 | 2 |
| IiOrionids (i-ORI) | Oktobha 02-Nov 07 | Oct 21 | 208 ° | 095 ° | + 16 ° | 66 | 2.5 | 23 |
| EMzantsi Taurids (STA) | Oktobha 01-Nov 25 | Nov 05 | 223 ° | 052 ° | + 13 ° | 27 | 2.3 | 5 |
| EMantla eTauridas (NTA) | Oktobha 01-Nov 25 | Nov 12 | 230 ° | 058 ° | + 22 ° | 29 | 2.3 | 5 |
| ILeonidas (LEO) | Nge-14 kaNovemba-21 | Nov 17 | 235 ° 27 | 153 ° | + 22 ° | 71 | 2.5 | 20 + |
| I-α-Monocerotides (AMO) | Nge-15 kaNovemba-25 | Nov 21 | 239 ° 32 | 117 ° | + 01 ° | 65 | 2.4 | var |
| I-Orionids (i-XOR) | Nge-Nov-26 kaDisemba 15 | I-Dic 02 | 250 ° | 082 ° | + 23 ° | 28 | 3.0 | 3 |
| I-Phoenicides Dec (PHO) | Nge-Nov-28 kaDisemba 09 | I-Dic 06 | 254 ° 25 | 018 ° | -53 ° | 18 | 2.8 | var |
| Ukukhukhumeza / Ukuhlutha (PUP) | Nge-01 kaDisemba-nge-15 | (Disemba 07) | (255 °) | 123 ° | -45 ° | 40 | 2.9 | 10 |
| Imonocerotids (MON) | Nge-Nov-27 kaDisemba 17 | I-Dic 09 | 257 ° | 100 ° | + 08 ° | 42 | 3.0 | 3 |
| I-Hydrides (HYD) | Nge-03 kaDisemba-nge-15 | I-Dic 12 | 260 ° | 127 ° | + 02 ° | 58 | 3.0 | 2 |
| Geminids (GEM) | Nge-07 kaDisemba-nge-17 | I-Dic 14 | 262 ° 2 | 112 ° | + 33 ° | 35 | 2.6 | 120 |
| Yitya iBerenicides (COM) | Ngomhla we-12 kuJan 23 | I-Dic 19 | 268 ° | 175 ° | + 25 ° | 65 | 3.0 | 5 |
| IUrsids (URS) | Nge-17 kaDisemba-nge-26 | I-Dic 22 | 270 ° 7 | 217 ° | + 76 ° | 33 | 3.0 | 10 |
Kubalulekile:
- Imvula: ibonisa igama kunye nesifinyezo semvula.
- Ixesha lomsebenzi: ziintsuku apho zisebenza khona.
- Ubuninzi:
- Umhla: Ngumhla apho kunokubonwa inani elikhulu leemeteor.
- Ilanga: Ilanga. Ngumlinganiselo wobume bomhlaba kwi-orbit yawo.
- Ukuqaqamba: lulungelelwaniso lwendawo ekhazimlayo yemvula. U-Ascension wasekunene, ngu-Declination.
- v engenasipheloIsantya esifikelelwa ziimeteyor xa zingena emoyeni. Inikwa nge-km / s.
- rIsalathiso sabemi. Ukuba u-r ungaphezulu ko-3.0, oko kuthetha ukuba buthathaka kunomyinge; endaweni yoko ukuba ngu-2.0 ukuya ku-2.5 kuyakukhanya ngokuqaqambileyo.
- THZ: linqanaba leZenital ngeYure. Ukuba iphezulu, I-THZE iyasetyenziswa. Ukuba iyaguquguquka, ibonisa »var».
Uyibona njani imvula yeemeteor?
Iinkwenkwezi zokudubula zingabonwa ngeliso lenyama, okoko nje isibhakabhaka sicacile kwaye iNyanga ingagcwele, kodwa ngelishwa ngenkqubela phambili yezixeko kuya kusiba nzima ukuzonwabela ngokupheleleyo. Ke ngoko, Ukuba ufuna ukucinga ngobuhle bayo, kuya kufuneka ubaleke kangangoko kunokwenzeka kumaziko asezidolophini.
Thatha ithuba lokuya nabantu obathandayo uye ezilalini okanye ezintabeni ukuze ukwazi ukuzibona. Ngokuqinisekileyo uya kuba nexesha elimnandi 🙂.
Imvula enkulu yeemeteor kunye nemihla bayayibona
Njengoko sele sibonile, zininzi iinkitha zokudubula kweenkwenkwezi ezinokubonwa unyaka wonke, kodwa ezaziwa kakhulu zezi zilandelayo:
- IiQuadrantids: Umsebenzi wayo uqala ngoJanuwari 1 ukuya ku-5, ubuninzi bawo inguJanuwari 3. Yenye yezona mvula zinamandla kulo nyaka, ngenqanaba leZenith ngeyure ezili-120 zemozulu / h.
- Lyrid: ixesha lalo lomsebenzi liqhubeka phakathi kwe-16 ne-25 ka-Epreli, ubuninzi bayo ingama-22. I-THZ yayo zii-meteor ezili-18 ngeyure.
- Ukunyanga: ikwabizwa ngokuba ziinyembezi zeSan Lorenzo. Ixesha lalo lomsebenzi liqala ukusuka nge-17 kaJulayi ukuya kwi-24 ka-Agasti, ubuninzi bayo buphakathi kwe-11 kunye ne-13.
- Iidraconids: ngamanye amaxesha kuthiwa yiGiacobinids. Ziyimvula enexesha lomsebenzi liqondakalayo ukusukela nge-6 ukuya kwi-10 ka-Okthobha, ifikelela kwelona liphezulu ku-8.
- IiOrionidsImvula: Ireyithi yayo yeZenith ngeYure ngama-2 eemeteor ngeyure
- Leonidas: ziyimvula ethi ixesha layo lomsebenzi liqhubeke ukusuka nge-15 ukuya kwi-21 kaNovemba, kwaye lifikelele kwelona liphezulu lomsebenzi rhoqo emva kweminyaka engama-33. Ireyithi yayo yeZenith ngeYure zii-20 zeemeteor / h.
- Geminids: yenye yeemvula ezinomsebenzi ophezulu. Banexesha lomsebenzi eliqala ukusuka nge-7 ukuya kwe-17 kuDisemba, kwaye umhla ofikelela kubuninzi bawo yi-13.Ireyithi yeZenith yeyure nganye zii-meteor ezili-120 ngeyure.
Ukudubula imifanekiso yeenkwenkwezi kunye nevidiyo
Imifanekiso
Ukugqiba, sikushiya nemifanekiso emihle yemvula ebonwe kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zehlabathi.
