Izazinzulu zibeka umda wokunyuka kwamaqondo obushushu aphakathi kwehlabathi kwi2 ° C. Kutheni la maqondo obushushu? Izifundo ezohlukeneyo zibonisa ukuba kolu kufudumala kwamaqondo obushushu ehlabathi, utshintsho kwindalo kunye nokujikeleza kwemeko-bume yomhlaba, utshintsho olwenziweyo alunakuguqulwa kwaye alunakulindeleka ekuhambeni kwexesha.
Ngesi sizathu, ukuhlala ngaphantsi kwe-1,5 ºC yokufudumala komhlaba yenye yeenjongo ezicetywayo sisiVumelwano saseParis kwaye amazwe ali-195 avumile ukuthathela ingqalelo njengomda wokuphela kwenkulungwane. Nangona kunjalo, I-65% yobunzima beentaba zeqhwa eziphakamileyo eAsia zinokulahleka ukuba ukukhutshwa kwegesi yendlu eluhlaza kuqhubeka ngoluhlobo. Ngaba i-glace ze-Asia ziyanyibilika?
Isifundo seGlacier yaseAsia
Uphononongo, olukhokelwa yiDyunivesithi yase-Utrecht (Holland), lubonisa ukuba ukuya kuthi ga kwi-65% yobunzima beentaba zeqhwa eziphakamileyo e-Asiya zinokulahleka phantsi kwemeko yokuqhubeka kwamaqondo aphezulu emveliso yegesi eluhlaza.
Ukuba ukukhutshwa kuqhubeka ngesantya esikhawulezileyo kunye nokunyuka okwenziweyo namhlanje, ilizwekazi laseAsia liza kujongana nelahleko enkulu yomkhenkce oko kungaphazamisa indalo kunye nokuzisa iziphumo ezibi kwezo ndawo ziphila kuyo. Amanzi okusela, amadama asefama kunye namadama aphehlwa ngamanzi anokugrogriswa kukuhla kobunzima bala maqhekeza omkhenkce.
Kwimimandla apho i-meltwater evela kwi-glaciers ibalulekile ekuhambeni kwemilambo kunye nobomi beentyatyambo kunye nezilwanyana ezinxulumene nazo. Ukuxhaphaza kwemilambo yokunkcenkceshela izityalo kunye namasimi erayisi afumana amanzi avela kumkhenkce kungancitshiswa kukunyamalala kwawo.
Ngobushushu obuphezulu obufudumeleyo ngenxa yokukhutshwa kwegesi efumanekayo e China okoko i-60% yomxube wamandla isekwe kukutsha kwamalahle, imvula ngohlobo lwekhephu inyusa ubuncinci benqanaba kwaye amaqhekeza omkhenkce aphulukana nobunzima kunye nomthamo.
Ukuncitshiswa kokukhutshwa komlambo kungakhokelela kwiingxaki ezinxulumene nokuveliswa kokutya kunye namandla, anokuba nazo zonke iintlobo zeziphumo ezibi zokuhla.
Impembelelo kunye novavanyo lweziphumo
Ukuvavanya iimpembelelo zokuphulukana nala maqhekeza omkhenkce kuya kuvelisa kunikezelo lwamanzi, ezolimo, nakumadama okuphehla umbane ngamanzi, iingcali ezisebenze kolu phando zapapashwa kwiphephancwadi iNdalo zisebenzise imithombo emininzi yemvula kunye nedatha yobushushu obuvela kwimozulu yangoku. Ngokunjalo, zazisekwe kwidatha yesathelayithi, imodeli yemozulu yokuqikelela utshintsho emvuleni nakumaqondo obushushu ukuya kuma-2100, kwaye basebenzise iziphumo zomsebenzi wabo wasentsimini owenziwa eNepal ngeenqwelo moya ezingabanjwanga.
Izigqibo ezithe zenziwa lolu phononongo ngokwemeko yemozulu eqikelelweyo, kwanakwimeko efanelekileyo apho kuzalisekiswa khona isiVumelwano saseParis kwaye amaqondo obushushu aphakathi kweplanethi angaphakami ngaphezu kwe-1,5 ° C, aya kulahleka macala onke. I-35% yobunzima bomkhenkce ngonyaka wama-2100.
Ngobushushu obuqikelelweyo obujikeleze i-3,5 ° C, i-4 ° C kunye ne-6 ° C, kuya kubakho ilahleko enkulu emalunga ne-49%, 51% kunye ne-65% ngokwahlukeneyo.
Iziphumo zelahleko yomkhenkce
Kunzima ukufumanisa iimpembelelo eziza kubakho ukulahleka komkhenkce kwimozulu yesijikelezi-langa. Into eqinisekileyo yile Iziphumo eziya kuba khona ziya kuba zezingezizo. Ukuqhubeka nokwazi iziphumo zokurhoxa kwezi glacier, kufuneka uphando olunzulu oluchaza iinkqubo zomzimba nezentlalo zisebenzisa idatha evela kwimithombo emininzi, kubandakanya neziphumo zolu phononongo.
Ukusondela kwakho kwindawo yomkhenkce, kubaluleke ngakumbi Ngamanzi okudibanisa kwimisebenzi eyahlukeneyo yabantu. Nangona kwezinye iindawo igalelo lamanzi omkhenkce anyibilikayo emilanjeni likhulu kuneminye, indawo eyomileyo yasentshona yommandla, njenge-Indus Basin, ixhomekeke ekuhambeni rhoqo kwamanzi anyibilikayo avela kumkhenkce omkhenkce. .