Kumanqaku athile angaphambili afana nala "Ezona ndawo zibaluleke kakhulu kutshintsho lwemozulu" Ndiphawule ukuba iSpain lelinye lamazwe e-European Union isesichengeni seziphumo zotshintsho lwemozulu. Esinye seziphumo ezibi zokufudumala kobushushu ixesha elide kukunyuka kwamaqondo olwandle.
Ngenxa yoko, le ngxaki yexesha elide inokuba neziphumo ezibi kakhulu kumazwe kwaye ukuzinza konxweme. Kutheni iSpain isengozini kunxweme?
Iziphumo zobushushu bomhlaba
Enye yeengxaki zokufudumala kwehlabathi kukunyibilika kweArctic kunye neAntarctic ice cap ezinesiphumo ukunyuka kwinqanaba lolwandle. Uqoqosho lwaseSpain lusekwe ikakhulu kwicandelo lemfundo enomsila (ukhenketho) kwaye iindawo ezingaselunxwemeni zinabantu abaninzi, ke ukuba amanqanaba olwandle anyuka, kuya kubakho iingxaki ezininzi.
Kule meko iveliswa kukufudumala komhlaba, kufuneka songeze ukwanda kwezikhukula eya kuthi, ngokunyuka kokunyuka kolwandle, ibe yingozi ngakumbi kwaye iya kubangela umonakalo omkhulu ngakumbi.
ISpain isengozini ngenxa yamanxweme ayo ahlala abantu
Kude kube namhla, i-361 yezigidi zeekhilomitha ezizikwere zolwandle ziye zasebenza kumlo ochasene nokufudumala komhlaba, kuba banoxanduva ukufunxa ukuya kuma-90% obushushu obuveliswe ngabantu kunye nesinye kwisithathu sekharbhon diokside ekhutshwayo.
Iilwandle kunye neelwandle zifunxa i-CO2
Oku kwenzeka ngenxa yoxinzelelo oluyinxalenye lwekhabhon dayoksayidi esemoyeni. Xa kukho i-carbon dioxide eninzi emoyeni, ingena emanzini, leyo isebenza njengomlawuli. Ingxaki ngale nto kukuba ivelisa iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezimbi. Xa kukho isixa esikhulu se-CO2 emanzini, zibangela iasidi yazo kunye nokonakala kwezinto eziphilayo zolwandle kunye nendawo yokuhlala yeentlobo ezininzi.
Elinye lawona matyala adumileyo naziwa kakhulu ziziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezibangelwa kukufunxwa kwe-CO2 lulwandle kukuphuma kwebala elingumdaka kweekorale, ezinokuphela zilambile.
Ngapha koko, uLwandle lweMeditera olusentshona ummandla waselwandle oneyona carbon dioxide iqokeleleneyo kwiindawo ezinzulu ehlabathini, ngenxa yokuba ingqongwe luluntu kunye neenkqubo zokuntywila kwamanzi abandayo kunye ashinyeneyo okwenzeka apha, okuthintela ukuphuma kwe-CO2 ukuya kwiAtlantic ngeGibraltar.
Kwingxelo evela eCatalonia kutyhilwe ukuba amaqondo obushushu aphakathi anyuke malunga namaqondo amabini ukusukela ngo-1900.
Oku kunayiphi imiphumo?
Izazinzulu zilumkisa ngeziphumo ezithe ngqo zokufudumala kobushushu bomhlaba, ezinjengokunyibilika kwesithabazi seqhwa kunye nokunyuka komkhenkce, ulwandiso lwamanzi olushushu kunye nokonyuka komphakamo wolwandle, ukongeza kwiziphepho zolwandle, abathi baqikelele, ziya kuba nefuthe Ukhukuliseko kumanxweme, ngoku Sele belahlekile phakathi kweesentimitha ezingama-60 ukuya kwezingama-90 ngonyaka.
Ngenxa yezi ziphumo, iSpain isenokuba nayo ababaleki bemimoya kwiminyaka ezayo. Ukongeza, inyani yokuba amaxesha embalela ayinde kwimimandla eyomileyo mpuma peninsula yayisele ikho, kunye nezinye izinto, ngakumbi ezoqoqosho, oonobangela bokufuduka okukhulu okwenzeka eSpain ngeminyaka yoo-XNUMX.
Kwiminyaka embalwa, kwinqanaba lokusetyenziswa kunye nokuthotywa, inkunkuma elwandle izodlula leyo yentlanzi. Phakathi kweeprojekthi ezizama ukunqanda ezi ziphumo zibi kukufakwa kwenaliti yedaybhoni kwizisele eziselwandle ukuze kususwe i-CO2 kumjikelo, ukuxhaphazwa kweehydrate zerhasi, ezinelizwe eligcina kabini ioyile, irhasi yendalo kunye nekhabhoni kunye, okanye ukucoca ngaphezulu kwesiqwenga seplastikhi esingaphezulu kwetriliyoni ezintlanu ngoku esidada elwandle.
Ikwacele intlonipho enkulu kwimeko-bume yolwandle yaseSpain, ethe I-5% yeyantlukwano yezinto eziphilayo zaselwandle zehlabathi, malunga ne-200.000 yeentlobo, apho yi-8,6% kuphela ekhuselweyo.