Utshintsho lwemozulu kunye nokunyuka kwamaqondo obushushu kwinqanaba lehlabathi yinto echaphazela ilizwe ngalinye kwihlabathi ngandlela thile. Kwi-Latin America, ngaphandle kotshintsho olukhulu kwezentlalo nakwezobuchwephesha oluqhubeka ngokuqhubekayo, iiLatinos ezingaphantsi kweminyaka engama-30 ubudala zinomahluko obalulekileyo ngokufanayo nabanye: khange baphile nenyanga enye yobomi babo benobushushu obungaphantsi komndilili wamaqondo obushushu kubhalwe kwinkulungwane yama-XNUMX.
Ukunyuka kwamaqondo obushushu ehlabathi kuya kusiba ngakumbi nangakumbi kwaye abantu abaninzi bayaziqhelanisa nabanye hayi njalo. Oku kuchaphazela njani abemi baseLatin America?
Ukwanda kwamaqondo obushushu ehlabathi
ILatinos engaphantsi kweminyaka engama-30 bebehlala kwiplanethi ebisoloko ifudumala okoko bazalwa. Amaqondo obushushu ngenyanga abhalwe ukususela ngo-1985 anyuka kuphela ngaphezu komndilili wenyanga wenkulungwane yama-XNUMX. Kwaye kukuba ukufudumala kwehlabathi kuya kusiba ngakumbi kwaye kusondele ngenxa yemisebenzi yabantu kunye nokukhutshwa okukhulu kweegesi ezingcolileyo ezikhutshelwa emoyeni mihla le.
Njengoko iinyanga neminyaka ziqhubeka, umsantsa ophakathi kweqondo lobushushu eliphakathi ngenyanga kunye ne-avareji yangoku iyalandela kwaye yaphula iirekhodi phantse inyanga nenyanga. Ngapha koko, u-2016 ibingomnye weminyaka eshushu kakhulu eyakha yarekhodwa ukusukela oko kuthathwe imilinganiselo yeqondo lobushushu ukusukela ngo-1880.
Ukuzama ukumisa lo mkhuba wokunyuka kwamaqondo obushushu aphakathi nangakumbi, abantu baseLatin America batyikitye isivumelwano seParis apho ubushushu behlabathi bungafikeleli kunyuka ngaphezulu kwe-1,5 degrees ngokomndilili.
ILatin America iya kufumana ubushushu obuthe kratya kwihlabathi
Isivumelwano saseParis sizama ukungawanyusi amaqondo obushushu aphakathi, nangona kunjalo, nokuba sizama ukuwagcina njengangoku okanye siwanciphise kancinane, kuya kufuneka bavumelane nemozulu entsha eneziphumo esele zifunyenwe kuwo wonke loo mmandla, ngokunyuka 0,87, i-XNUMX degrees ukusuka kumndilili wehlabathi obonwe ngoMeyi kulo nyaka.
Ngokwe-Ofisi yeZizwe eziManyeneyo yokuLungelelanisa iMicimbi yoLuntu (i-OCHA), ukusukela ngonyaka ka-2014 lo mmandla ufumene imbalela kulo lonke elaseCaribbean, kuMbindi Merika naseBolivia, obangelwa yimvula encinci kunye ne-El Niño. Ukongeza, abanye abantu abazizigidi ezi-3,5 bahlala kwiimeko zokungabikho kokutya ngenxa yokuphulukana nezityalo zabo.
Njengoko sisazi, utshintsho lwemozulu lwonyusa ukuphindaphindeka kunye nokuqina kweziganeko zemozulu ezigwenxa, ezinje ngembalela kunye nezikhukula. Kule phantse, kwiiveki ezintathu kuphela eHaiti isiqingatha semvula yonyaka siwile ngo-Epreli 2016. Oku kubangele izikhukula ezinzima kwaye kuchaphazele ngaphezulu kweentsapho ezingama-9.000. Ukongeza, izikhukula zabangela ukhukuliseko lomhlaba oluchaphazele abantu abangaphezu kwama-411.000 eArgentina, e-Ecuador, eBolivia, eBrazil, eParaguay, ePeru nase-Uruguay.
Njengoko sibona, i-Latinos ayijonganga kuphela amaqondo obushushu ashushu, kodwa banamava kwaye bafumana ubunzima ngenxa yeziganeko zemozulu ezibi. Ukuphulukana nepropathi, ukonakaliswa kwezityalo, ukonakala kuqoqosho kunye nokulahleka kobomi, konke oku kubangelwe kukutshintsha kwemozulu. Eyona nto imbi kakhulu kukuba kusekho abantu emhlabeni njengomongameli wase-United States, uDonald Trump, abangakholelwayo ukuba utshintsho lwemozulu lukhona kwaye yinto yamaTshayina yokufumana ukhuphiswano.
Kwiingcali zeBhanki yeHlabathi, kuyacaca ukuba iLatin America iya kuba yenye yezona ndawo zichaphazeleka kakhulu kukutshintsha kwemozulu, ngakumbi ukuba umhlaba uyasilela ukugcina ukufudumala kwehlabathi kungaphantsi kwe-2 degrees. Kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo ukuba abantu abali-14 lezigidi bahlala kwiindawo ezikufutshane neemitha ezi-5 ngaphezulu komphakamo wolwandle kwaye ngenxa yokunyuka komphakamo wolwandle, banokuchaphazeleka zizikhukula kunye nelahleko yomhlaba namakhaya kungekudala.